• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.329-333
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• 2011

Objective : As medical advances have increased life expectancy, it has become imperative to develop specific treatment strategies for intracranial aneurysms in the elderly. We therefore analyzed the clinical characteristics and outcomes of the treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms in patients older than 70 years. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and results of neuroimaging modalities on 54 aneurysms of 48 consecutive patients with un ruptured intracranial aneurysms. ($mean{\pm}SD$ age, $72.11{\pm}1.96$ years; range, 70-78 years) who underwent surgical clipping over 10 years (May 1999 to June 2010). Results : Of the 54 aneurysms, 22 were located in the internal carotid artery, 19 in the middle cerebral artery, 12 in the anterior cerebral artery, and 1 in the superior cerebellar artery. Six patients had multiple aneurysms. Aneurysm size ranged from 3 mm to 17 mm ($mean{\pm}SD$, $6.82{\pm}3.07$ mm). Fifty of the 54 aneurysms (92.6%) were completely clipped. Three-month outcomes were excellent in 50 (92.6%) aneurysms and good and poor in 2 each (3.7%), with 1 death (2.0%). Procedure-related complications occurred in 7 aneurysms (13.0%), with 2 (3.7%) resulting in permanent neurological deficits, including death. No postoperative subarachnoid hemorrhage occurred during follow-up. The cumulative rates of stroke- or death-free survival at 5 and 10 years were 100% and 78%, respectively. Conclusion : Surgical clipping of unruptured intracranial aneurysms in elderly group could get it as a favorable outcome in well selected cases.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.232-236
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• 2012

Purpose: With an increase in life expectancy, more elderly patients are presenting with gastric cancer. As a result it is yet be resolved whether laparoscopy assisted distal gastrectomy is a suitable treatment for elderly patients with early gastric cancer. This study retrospectively compared surgical outcomes of laparoscopy assisted distal gastrectomy between elderly and nonelderly patients with gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: The study group was comprised of 316 patients who underwent laparoscopy assisted distal gastrectomy between April 2005 and December 2010. Of these patients, 93 patients whose ages were 65 years or more were compared with 223 patients who were younger. Results: There were no differences in the short term outcome or minor complication rate between the elderly patients and the nonelderly patients. The hospital stay was significantly longer and the major complication rate was significantly higher for the elderly patients compared with nonelderly patients. Conclusions: Laparoscopy assisted distal gastrectomy for early gastric cancer in the elderly patients had comparable operation time and blood loss with the nonelderly group. However, the safety and advantage of laparoscopy assisted distal gastrectomy in the elderly patients need to be further studied in higher volume trials.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.350-359
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify change in the exercise behavior and to identify factors influencing long-term adherence to aquatic exercise in patients with arthritis as a follow-up study after five years. Method: Baseline data had been collected using a structured interview 6 months after participants completed the aquatic exercise educational program. This second follow-up data collection included 133 participants from the original baseline study and was done 5 years after the original baseline study. Data was analyzed using SPSS 16 Win program. Results: The stage of change for the participants was as follows: Precontemplation (44.3%), Contemplation (24.1%), Preparation (3.0%), Action (0%) and Maintenance (adherence, 28.6%). The adherers (N=38) had significantly higher scores than non-adherers (N=91) in self-efficacy, outcome expectancy, group coherence and self-evaluation, and significantly lower scores in barriers to exercise. In logistic regression analysis, self-efficacy, group cohesion, barriers to exercise and self-evaluation were associated with exercise adherence (Chi Square=17.14, p=.002). Group cohesion (OR=2.5871, 95% CI=1.094-6.113, p= .030) was the most important factor. Conclusion: Self-efficacy, group cohesion, barriers to exercise and self-evaluation need to be considered in planning exercise programs to improve exercise adherence.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

Cancer is the disease of aging and Korea is one of the fastest aging country in the world. Older patients have decreased organ function and stress tolerance, therefore are at high risk of functional decline and developing complication from cancer and cancer treatment. Before beginning cancer treatment, it is important to assess patients' life expectancy, whether the patient is likely to die of cancer or of other comorbidity, and also the risks with cancer treatment. In order to estimate patient's physiologic age, it is recommended to perform geriatric assessment and implement appropriate geriatric intervention together with meticulous supportive care, when planning cancer treatment for older patients. In a resource limited country such as Korea, two step approach of applying screening tool followed by geriatric assessment can be more efficient. Geriatric assessment is used to predict toxicity from cancer treatment such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, predict survival, and also to aid treatment decision. Number of randomized trials are ongoing to compare usual care versus oncogeriatric care, and with these results we expect to improve outcome of older patients with cancer.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.192-200
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• 2007

In this study, we investigated the variables related to the science teaching efficacy beliefs of pre-service and in-service elementary school teachers. The participants were 176 freshmen and 260 seniors from an university of education and 234 teachers from 25 elementary schools located in Jeonju. Variables concerning pre-service teachers include their sex, career/study tracks (science or non-science), and the number of science courses taken either at high school or at university. Variables concerning in-service teachers include their sex, academic degree, the frequency and type of participation in science in-service training, and their teaching career experience. The Science Teaching Efficacy Beliefs Instrument was used to measure teachers' self-efficacy beliefs. The results indicated that the personal science teaching efficacy belief scores of seniors were significantly lower than those of freshmen and in-service teachers, whereas the science teaching outcome expectancy scores of seniors were significantly higher than those of freshmen. Among variables investigated, sex, career/study track, the number of science courses taken at high school, and the frequency and type of participation in science in-service training were found to significantly influence teachers' science teaching efficacy beliefs.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.1402-1408
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the concept of self-care in elders with dementia through a review of nursing literature and to provide more understanding of the definition and perspectives of the concept of self-care notion in elders with dementia. Methods: The technique developed by Walker and Avant was used as a guide in analyzing the concept of self-care. Results: Attributes of self-care in dementia may include a single or group of actions needed for sustaining life, a personal effort to maintain functional independence while minimizing other's assistance, an outcome behavior from the person's interaction with inter-personal and/or contextual environment, and a functional ability that may decline in parallel to cognitive impairment. Antecedents of self-care in dementia may include at least presence of a certain degree of cognitive appraisal for the self-care needs, self-willingness for the self-care action, spatial and visual orientation, cultural pre-conception of the self-care behavior, presence of environmental context/equipment available for self-care, and sufficient time available. The consequences may include sustaining of life, feel of satisfaction, achieving independence, extended life expectancy, increased self-confidence, decreased caregiver distress and/or burden, savings in health care costs. Discussion: Defining attributes and antecedents and consequences of self-care in dementia identified in this study provided empirical ground of a middle-range theory of self-care for a clinical population with dementia and generated possible hypotheses to be tested in future studies.

• Journal of mucopolysaccharidosis and rare diseases
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.5-7
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• 2016

Mucolipidoses II and III alpha/beta (ML II and ML III) are lysosomal disorders in which the essential mannose-6-phosphate recognition marker is not synthesized onto lysosomal hydrolases and other glycoproteins. The disorders are caused by mutations in GNPTAB, which encodes two of three subunits of the heterohexameric enzyme, N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase ML II, recognizable at birth, often causes intrauterine growth impairment and sometimes the prenatal "Pacman" dysplasia. The main postnatal manifestations of ML II include gradual coarsening of neonatally evident craniofacial features, early cessation of statural growth and neuromotor development, dysostosis multiplex and major morbidity by hardening of soft connective tissue about the joints and in the cardiac valves. Fatal outcome occurs often before or in early childhood. ML III with clinical onset rarely detectable before three years of age, progresses slowly with gradual coarsening of the facial features, growth deficiency, dysostosis multiplex, restriction of movement in all joints before or from adolescence, painful gait impairment by prominent hip disease. Cognitive handicap remains minor or absent even in the adult, often wheelchair-bound patient with variable though significantly reduced life expectancy. As yet, there is no cure for individuals affected by these diseases. So, clinical manifestations and conservative treatment is important. This review aimed to highlight the extra-skeletal clinical problems in ML II and III.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.93-103
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to measure teachers' beliefs to teach software education effectively. Based on the revised version of the STEBI-B questionnaire, factors influencing the software education were added through the literature review and composed of sub-factors of the category of personal software education teaching efficacy and software education outcome expectancy. And then, 146 in-service elementary school teachers were surveyed preliminary 35 questions. The collected data were analyzed by factor analysis and reliability analysis, and 5 items were deleted to complete the final item. A factor analysis and reliability analysis of the final 30 questions were conducted to demonstrate the appropriateness of the item composition, and software education teaching efficacy belief instrument(SE-TEBI) was developed.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.223-233
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the moderate drinking program based on social cognitive theory on changes in the drinking habits of college students with drinking problems. Methods: This study included a total of 68 college students with drinking problems. These participants participated in 10 sessions of a moderate drinking program in which social cognitive theory was applied. Changes in the cognition and behaviors of the participants were then investigated. Results: The moderate drinking program based on social cognitive theory for college students with drinking problems was effective in increasing the subjects' drinking-related knowledge (U=191.50, p<.001), enhancing their drinking refusal self-efficacy(t=8.02, p<.001), and changing their drinking-related attitudes (U=108.50, p<.001), drinking outcome expectancy (t=8.68, p<.001), amount of drinking in a single session ($x^2=25.72$, p<.001), number of drinking sessions per month ($x^2=10.05$, p=.006), and problem drinking behaviors (t=5.77, p<.001). Conclusion: These results can be used to inform a regular on-campus intervention programs for moderate drinking, and to implement education about moderate drinking, thereby increasing the success rate of drinking reduction.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.85-92
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• 2018

In this study investigated the factors for the career preparation behaviors of social welfare major students based on Lent et al. (1994)'s Social-cognitive Career Theory so as to provide essential baseline data for establishing proper career support strategies that suit the distinctive nature of social welfare studies. The participants of this study are 132 social welfare major students from three colleges who have completed social welfare field education. This study analyzed the relationship between cognitive factor (outcome expectation), vocational interest factor (major selection satisfaction), goal factor (career decision level), and work performance factor (career preparation behavior). For analysis, SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 24.0 were used. The analysis results are as follows. First, the model's goodness of fit was found to be at a statistically ideal level with CFI=.904, TLI=.887, and RMSEA=.068. Second, the result of analyzing the correlation between the primary variables is as follows: as outcome expectation increased, major selection satisfaction grew, which then increased the career decision level and led to the improvement in career preparation behavior. These results indicate the importance of developing a customized route support program considering the perceived and interesting factors of individual students to improve their career preparation behavior for social welfare majors.