• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.11-18
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• 1989

This study was undertaken to obtain basic data of the sternal development in Korean native cattle from the earliest sternal formation to the ossification using histological and histochemical methods. Thrity three sterna were collected from a series of embryos and fetuses ranging from 11 to 225mm (estimated age 37~120days) in crown rump length. The bilateral sternal bars were observed in the 2nd group(CRL 21~3mm) of Korean cattle embryos. Those bars initiated to be fused in the 3rd group (CRL 31~4mm) and completed in the 7th group(CRL 71~80mm). The ossification centers were detected in the 8th group(CRL 81~90mm) also bilateral ossification centers were found in the same group. The typical epiphyseal plates, endochondral bone and calcium deposit were found in the 9th group(CRL 91~100mm). Osteocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and myeloid cells appeared in ossification centers in the 10th group(more than CRL 101mm). The alcianophility responded markedly in the 9th group that was decreased and showed slightly positive reaction in territorial matrix of the 10th group. Marked positive reaction to PAS was observed in bony trabeculae in the 10th group. The positive reaction to calcium deposit by trichrome stain was observed initially in the hypertrophied zone of epiphyseal plate in the 9th group and was conspicuous in the calcified zone of epiphyseal plate in the 10th group. The 1st positive reaction to the von Kossa stain was observed in the 9th group.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.112-118
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• 2015

Objective : Thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) is a relatively rare disease. Because of ambiguous clinical symptom, it is difficult for early diagnosis of OLF and subsequent treatment can be delayed or missed. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to comprehensively assess the prevalence and distribution of thoracic OLF by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and coexisting spinal disease in Korean patients with back pain or leg pain. Methods : The sample included 2134 Korean patients who underwent MRI evaluation for back pain. The prevalence and distribution of thoracic OLF were assessed using lumbar MRI with whole spine sagittal images. Additionally, we examined the presence of coexisting lumbar and cervical diseases. The presence of thoracic OLF as well as clinical parameters such as age, sex, and surgery were retrospectively reviewed. Results : The prevalence of thoracic OLF in total patients was 16.9% (360/2134). The prevalence tended to increase with aging and was higher in women than in men. The lower thoracic segment of T10-11 was the most frequently affected segment. Of the 360 patients with OLF, 31.9% had coexisting herniated thoracic discs at the same level. Approximately 74% of the patients with OLF had coexisting lumbar and cervical disease. Nine (2.5%) of 360 OLF patients underwent surgery for thoracic lesion. Conclusion : The prevalenceof thoracic OLF was relatively higher than those of previous reports. And coexisting lumbar and cervical disease were very frequent. Therefore, we should check coexisting spinal diseases and the exact diagnostic localization of ossification besides lumbar disease.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.447-456
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• 1987

The osteological development of the larvae and juveniles of Prognichthys agoo was examined on the laboratory-roared materials of 5.06-20.01 mm in mean total length(MTL). Cranium, vertebrae, caudal skeleton, siloulder girdle bone, pelvic girdle bone, pterygiophore and jaw bones were descriued in detail to examine the sequences of ossification. Ossification of the cranium took place at ca. 5.06 mm of MTL in exoccipital, basioccipital, parasphenoid. Ossification of the visceral skeleton occurred in areas where active movements of bones were required, notably in the parts for feeding and respiration. Vertebrae began to develop from the anterior end and to ossify posteriorly. Neural and haemal spines of vertebrae ossified always prior to the corresponding centra. Urostyle bone developed as an elongated bone from the early larvae and ossified prior to the centra caudal part. In jaw bones, maxillary and a part of dentary appeared first at 5.06 mm of MTL and attained a fundamental structure at 9.30 mm of MTL. Ossification of all bones was nearly completed at ca. 20.01 mm of MTL.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.228-242
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• 2023

We examined the osteological development of the cranium, visceral skeleton, pectoral girdle, vertebral column, fins, and pterygiophore of small yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis cultured at the Jeju Fisheries Research Institute. At 5.89 mm NL (notochord length), the larvae already had ossified frontal and basioccipital bones, parasphenoids, and vomer in the cranium. All elements of the visceral skeleton except the metapterygoid were ossified at 5.89 mm NL. Preorbital bone was ossified at 8.11 mm SL (standard length), and suborbital bones were ossified at 12.90 mm SL. In the vertebral column, ossification proceeded from the first to last centrum. The urostyle ossified at 7.41 mm SL. The caudal skeleton ossified at 6.78 mm NL, along with three hypural bones. In the pectoral girdle, the cleithrum, supracleithrum, postcleithrum, and post-temporal bones ossified at 5.89 mm NL. Caudal fin ossification began at 6.19 mm SL and was complete at 7.16 mm SL. Dorsal and anal fin ossification began at 7.16 mm SL and was complete at 8.62 mm and 8.11 mm SL, respectively. Anal and dorsal pterygiophore bone ossification was complete at 9.86 mm and 11.54 mm SL, respectively, and that of the supraneural bones was complete at 9.60 mm SL.

• Hip & pelvis
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.268-276
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• 2023

Purpose: Resection remains the most reliable treatment for established heterotopic ossification, despite questions regarding its effectiveness due to the potential for complications. This study evaluated the clinical outcomes and complications of neurogenic heterotopic ossification (NHO) resection in stroke patients' ankylosed hips. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed nine hip NHO resections performed on seven patients from 2010 to 2018. The pre- and postoperative range of motion of the operated hip were compared. Analysis of postoperative complications, including infection, recurrence, iatrogenic fracture, and neurovascular injury was performed. Results: The mean operative time was 132.78±21.08 minutes, with a mean hemoglobin drop of 3.06±0.82 g/dL within the first postoperative week. The mean duration of postoperative follow-up was 52.08±28.72 months for all patients. Postoperative range of motion showed improvement from preoperative. Flexion and external rotation (mean, 58.89±30.60° and 16.67±18.03°, respectively) showed the greatest gain of motion of the operated hip joint. Postoperative infections resolved in two cases through surgical debridement, and one case required conversion to total hip arthroplasty due to instability. There were no recurrences, iatrogenic fractures, or neurovascular injuries. Conclusion: Resection is a beneficial intervention for restoring the functional range of motion of the hip in order to improve the quality of life for patients with NHO and neurological disorders. We recommend performance of a minimal resection to achieve a targeted functional arc of motion in order to minimize the risk of postoperative complications.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 1976

The author have studied the relationship between the maximum puberal growth stage in body height and the appearance of the adductor sesamoid of the thumb with wrist x-ray films. In addition to this, it has been investigated the age at which pubic hair appeared in boys, and the age at menarche in girls. The results were as follows: 1) The ossification of the adductor sesamoid of the thumb occured at 13-years-o-month in boys and 10-years-8-months in girls. 2) There was a close association between the age at maximum puberal growth in body height and the age when ossification of the adductor sesamoid of the thumb occured, and also in girls, the age at the menarche. 3) Appearance of the adductor sesamoid of the thumb indicated that maximum puberal growth in body height is imminent or has been reached. 4) The maximum puberal growth in body height occured 23 months earlier in girls than in boys, and ossification of the adductor sesamoid of the thumb 28 months earlier in girls. 5) Appearance of the pubic hair in boys was of no value for prediction of maximum puberal growth in body height. 6) Menarche is a reliable indication that the maximum puberal growth in body height has been reached or passed.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

Osteoarthritis (OA), one of the most common skeletal disorders characterized by cartilage degradation and osteophyte formation in joints, is induced by accumulated mechanical stress; however, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanism. Several experimental OA models in mice by producing instability in the knee joints have been developed to apply approaches from mouse genetics. Although proteinases like matrix metalloproteinases and aggrecanases have now been proven to be the principal initiators of OA progression, clinical trials of proteinase inhibitors have not been successful for the treatment, turning the interest of researchers to the upstream signals of proteinase induction. These signals include undegraded and fragmented matrix proteins like type II collagen or fibronection that affects chondrocytes through distinct receptors. Another signal is proinflammatory factors that are produced by chondrocytes and synovial cells; however, recent studies that used mouse OA models in knockout mice did not support that these factors have a role in the central contribution to OA development. Our mouse genetic approaches found that the induction of a transcriptional activator Runx2 in chondrocytes under mechanical stress contributes to the pathogenesis of OA through chondrocyte hypertrophy. In addition, chondrocyte apoptosis has recently been identified as being involved in OA progression. We hereby propose that these endochondral ossification signals may be important for the OA progression, suggesting that the related molecules can clinically be therapeutic targets of this disease.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.127-135
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• 2011

Objectives : Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is a cause of the progressive compression myelopahty or radiculopathy. More and more cases being reported in the field of western medicine, but very few cases have been reported in the field of oriental medicine. This study can make prove the effectiveness of oriental medicine about OPLL by acupotomy therpapy. Methods : A patient who is diagnosed to OPLL was participated in this study. The patient was treated by acupotomy therapy. After the treatment, patient was measured by VAS (visual analogue scale), questionnaires (NDI, J-OA score) and 5 Likert scale. Results : The results in the questionnaires (NDI, J-OA score) and VAS, ROM shows that the improving of OPLL pain and function. Conclusions : Acuptomy on OPLL was showed the effectiveness in pain and function of the patient.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.37-40
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• 2020

Heterotopic ossification is formation of bone in atypical extra-skeletal tissues and usually occurs spontaneously or following neurologic injury with unknown cause. We report a 46-year-old female with right shoulder pain and restricted range of motion (ROM) for 3 months without history of trauma. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a lesion within the rotator cuff supraglenoid. Excisional biopsy from a previous institution revealed a heterotopic ossificans (HO). Following repeat MRI and bone scan, histopathology from arthroscopic resection confirmed an HO. The patient demonstrated improved pain and ROM at follow-up. Idiopathic HO rarely occurs in the shoulder joint, and resection of HO should be delayed until maturation of the lesion to avoid recurrence. The current case showed that arthroscopic HO resection provides an excellent surgical view to ensure complete lesion removal and minimize soft tissue damage at the supraglenoid area. Furthermore, the minimally invasive procedure of arthroscopy may reduce rehabilitation time and facilitate early return to work.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.20.1-20.12
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• 2016

The osteological development in Sebastes koreanus is described and illustrated on the basis of 32 larvae [6.11-11.10 mm body length (BL)] and a single juvenile (18.60 mm BL) collected from the Yellow Sea. The first-ossified skeletal elements, which are related to feeding, swimming, and respiration, appear in larvae of 6.27 mm BL; these include the jaw bones, palatine, opercular, hyoid arch, and pectoral girdle. All skeletal elements are fully ossified in the juvenile observed in the study. Ossification of the neurocranium started in the frontal, pterotic, and parietal regions at 6.27 mm BL, and then in the parasphenoid and basioccipital regions at 8.17 mm BL. The vertebrae had started to ossify at ~7.17 mm BL, and their ossification was nearly complete at 11.10 mm BL. In the juvenile, although ossification of the pectoral girdle was fully complete, the fusion of the scapula and uppermost radial had not yet occurred. Thus, the scapula and uppermost radial fuse during or after the juvenile stage. The five hypurals in the caudal skeleton were also fused to form three hypural elements. The osteological results are discussed from a functional viewpoint and in terms of the comparative osteological development in related species.