• Korean Business Review
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• v.15
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• pp.1-24
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• 2002

Many of the universities in Korea recently is changing the school policy oriented from the supply approach to the demand as the case of business companies. Customer orientation is the key point of the customer satisfaction. But there are few studies focused on the satisfaction of students as a customer. In this paper, we studied the components of satisfaction in university life, the factors affecting on the satisfaction of students, and the relationship among them. The principal components of satisfaction in university life are services related to the activities of students, the utilization of welfare facilities, curriculum, the adminstration on students, and the department office. Factors affecting on the satisfaction of students are expectation, pride, self evaluation on learning, and special activities. Demographic variables, for example, sex, grade, colleges, and so on are also important factors. We also found the fact that the pride was the most important factor, and it gives positive drive on the satisfaction of students in university life. It gives us the important implication to the school policy.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to classify the environmental awareness attitudes of university students and analyze their differences in social support pursuit, and apparel consumption behavior. Questionnaires were administered to 236 college students living in Daegu City and Kyoungbuk province. Frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, Duncan-test, and t-test were used for data analysis. The findings were as follows. The environmental awareness attitudes had factors as recognizing the importance of environmental issues, purchase of eco-friendly products, public opinion legislation awareness, interests on eco-friendly product, and eco-friendly practice. Social support pursuit were found as marginal people support pursuit, emotional support pursuit, informational support pursuit, and problem-solving support pursuit. Apparel consumption behavior were found as planned purchase, social participation attitude, clothes recycling, life practice, low-price orientation, emphasis on designs, clothing-life practice, and consciousness over others. The environmental awareness attitudes of university students were classified into four groups of Consumers of Environment-Awareness, Consumers of Environment-interests, Consumers of Environment-practice, and Consumers of Low Environment-awareness. The groups showed significant difference in social support pursuit, and apparel consumption behavior. Gender of university students showed significant differences the environmental awareness attitudes, social support pursuit, and apparel consumption behavior. It is meaningful to find out the significant relationship in a social context between environment recognition and social support pursuit related by friends. This study also offered a basic information related to social support pursuit by the types of university students' environmental awareness attitude and consumption on clothing, which is necessary for environmental education and green consuming behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.793-803
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• 1998

Since most clothing research has still centered around buying behavior, the importance of consumer behavior which exists outside the purchase context has been neglected. This orientation focusing solely on purchase-related processes is deficient as it cannot account for consumer behavior that is recreational or that occurs without a recognized consumption need. In this vein, clothing browsing behavior can be a significant variable that has effects on clothing purchase-related variables. So to speak, browsers do make purchases at times; delayed-action purchases, impulse purchases and browsers may provide other less informed people with product information. In this study, we used definition proposed by Bloch and Richins(1983), which defines non purchase shopping(browsing) as 1,he examination of merchandises of a store for recreational or informational purposes without a current intention to buy. The specific objectives of the study were to identify the dimensions of clothing non -purchase shopping and to determine the causal relationship among clothing involvement, non-purchase shopping, impulse buying, purchase quantity, opinion leadership. The questionnaire method was used and 366 questionnaires were analyzed. Results can be summarized as follows. First, the non-purchase shopping was divided into two dimensions such as recreational non-purchase shopping and informational non-purchase shopping Of the two dimensions, recreational dimension explained the greater part than informational one. Second, it was revealed that clothing involvement was strongly positively related to non-purchase shopping, which influenced considerably on impulse buying, purchase quantity, and opinion leadership. In other words, clothing non-purchase shopping behaivor is very significant concept of clothing product category and has considerable effects on clothing buying though it occurs independently of purchase, so it seems that much more concern will be needed on this concept.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.127-134
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of air temperature during midsummer on sunburn occurrence that had some problems recently on 'Fuji'/M.9 planting system in Korea. There was a positive relationship between sunburn incidence and accumulated days with high air temperature over $31^{\circ}C$, or accumulated total quantum per day. 'Fuji'/M.9 apple trees with relatively open canopies, compared to 'Fuji'/M.26, were more susceptible to sunburn injury because the fruit was more exposed to sunlight. In 'Fuji'/M.9 apple trees, those that were poor in vigor or with short bourse shoot length were more susceptible to sunburn injury. Sunburn incidence was affected by neither regions nor row orientations. Sunburn was observed most often on the fruits on the south and west sides of the trees. The reason was due to high skin temperature of the fruits reaching $40{\sim}45^{\circ}C$ under full sunlight.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.83-89
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• 2010

By analyzing the data collected through surveys conducted on coast guard officers, this paper measures the level of organizational health and explores indicators of organizational health that influence organizational effectiveness. The findings of the analysis can be summarized as follows: First, the scores of all the organizational health indicators except job stress exceed average, which leads a conclusion that coast guard organizations' organizational health is in considerably good condition. Second, the indicators of organizational health included in the analyses are found to have both positive and negative effects on organizational effectiveness. While such variables as pay, co-worker relationship, job autonomy, job itself, organizational trust, job orientation influence positively, other variables including development-oriented culture, promotion system and supervision influence negatively on organizational effectiveness.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.176-180
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• 2007

Purpose: Pitanguy conducted a series of anatomical studies on "dermocartilaginous ligament" of the nose. However, information on its structure is as yet insufficient, especially in terms of its origin, insertion, and relationships with surrounding tissues. In addition, some of the histologic findings described by Pitanguy are controversial. The present study was undertaken to clarify the anatomy of the "dermocartilaginous ligament". Methods: Sixteen cadaver noses were examined macroscopically and histologically to determine the presence, origin, insertion, composition, and relationship of the "dermocartilaginous ligament" with surrounding structures. Results: The structure originated from the deep layer of the transverse nasalis muscle and terminated at the caudal edge of the septal cartilage in all 16 cadavers. However, in three cadavers the insertion extended to the orbicularis oris muscle. No direct connection was found between the structure and dermis of dorsal nasal skin. The dermocartilaginous ligaments were mainly composed of a condensation of thin collagen bundles, which were interwoven and without any regular orientation. Elastic fibers were also present in small numbers, and there were few amorphous ground substances. Neither muscle fibers nor chondrocytes was identified within dermocartilaginous ligaments. Conclusion: Our macroscopic and histologic findings of the structure do not support the use of the term "dermocartilaginous ligament". According to its origin, insertion, and histologic findings, we recommend that this structure be referred to as the "median musculocartilaginous fascia".

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.89-95
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• 2013

This study investigates a parallel manipulator that can move over two parallel sliders and in which the end-effector of the manipulator can be adjusted arbitrarily. Through the direct and inverse kinematics of the manipulator, position equations are derived. These equations represent the relationship between the positions of the sliders and the position of the end-effector. The Jacobian matrices of the direct and inverse kinematics are obtained by these equations. By using the condition number defined from these matrices, the local performance index of the manipulator is proposed. By using the simulation results of the performance index, we find that the manipulator can smoothen movements in only one quadrant and that the distribution of the maximal performance index is affected by the ratio of the length of links and the orientation of the end-effector.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.181-207
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• 2012

This study explores and examines the impacts of the cultural characters on the brand attitude of Chinese regional consumers. This study used the 1,500 sample sized data collected from three major cities: Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. We investigate that power distance, individualism/collectivism, uncertainty avoidance and long-orientation are statistically different across cities. The empirical studies show that individualism/collectivism and uncertainty avoidance have significant impacts on the brand attitude of Chinese regional consumers. We tested that the relationship between the brand power and the brand attitude is moderated by individualism/collectivism, the results indicate that the effect of the brand power on the brand attitude is moderated by uncertainty avoidance. These results imply that Chinese consumers' culture character of individualism/collectivism and uncertainty avoidance moderate their brand attitude. Based on this results, We suggested some implications for further market segmentation strategy, brand marketing strategy, and Chinese regional consumer culture research.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.123-135
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to develop an altruistic behavior enhancement program for middle school students based on the Maumgram. To do this, we conducted basic research on the altruistic behavior program by collecting and analyzing related literature. The contents of the survey are related to the factors necessary for program analysis and content analysis. It has been validated twice in total by eight experts on the composition and content of the program. The program design consisted of three stages of observation, conversion, and relationship orientation, and selected contents suitable for altruistic programs and conducted them once a week for middle school students, self-inspection, understanding, empathy and communication. However, further study is needed to verify the effect of applying the program in the future. This study will provide basic data on the character education of middle school students by promoting the tendency of altruistic behavior through adjusting training of selfishness.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.585-594
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• 2019

In-situ leaching could be one of the promising mining methods to extract the minerals from deep fractured rock mass. Constrained by the low permeability at depth, however, the performance does not meet the expectation. In fact, the rock mass permeability mainly depends on the pre-existing natural fractures and therefore play a crucial role in in-situ leaching performance. More importantly, fractures have various characteristics, such as aperture, persistence, and density, which have diverse contributions to the promising method. Hence, it is necessary to study the variation of fluid rate versus fracture parameters to enhance in-situ leaching performance. Firstly, the subsurface fractures from the depth of 1500m to 2500m were mapped using the discrete fracture network (DFN) in this paper, and then the numerical model was calibrated at a particular case. On this basis, the fluid flow through fractured rock mass with various fracture characteristics was analyzed. The simulation results showed that with the increase of Fisher' K value, which determine the fracture orientation, the flow rate firstly decreased and then increased. Subsequently, as another critical factor affecting the fluid flow in natural fractures, the fracture transmissivity has a direct relationship with the flow rate. Sensitive study shows that natural fracture characteristics play a critical role in in-situ leaching performance.