• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표회 초록집
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• pp.67-67
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• 2001

The structure zone model has been used to provide an overview of the relationship between the microstructure of the films deposited by PVD and the most prominent deposition condition.s. B.AMovchan and AV.Demchishin have proposed it firstls such model. They concluded that the general features of the resulting structures could be correlated into three zones depending on $T/T_m$. Here T m is the melting point of the coating material and T is the substrate temperature in kelvines. Zone 1 ($T/Tm_) is dominated by tapered macrograins with domed tops, zone 2 ($O.3) by columnar grains with denser boundaries and zone 3 ($T/T_m>O.5$) by equiaxed grains formed by recrystallization. J.AThomton has extended this model to include the effect of the sputtering gas pressure and found a fourth zone termed zone T(transition zone) consisting of a dense array of poorly defined fibrous grains. R.Messier found that the zone I-T boundary (fourth zone of Thorton) varies in a fashion similar to the film bias potential as a function of gas pressure. However, there has not nearly enough model for explaining the change in morphology with crystal orientation of the films. The structure zone model only provide an information about the morphology of the deposited film. In general, the nucleation and growth mechanism for granular and fine structure of the deposited films are very complex in an PVD technique because the morphology and orientation depend not only on the substrate temperature but also on the energy of deposition of the atoms or ions, the kinetic mechanism between metal atoms and argon or nitrogen gas, and even on the presence of impurities. In order to clarify these relationship, AI and Mg thin films were prepared on SPCC steel substrates by PVD techniques. The influence of gas pressures and bias voltages on their crystal orientation and morphology of the prepared films were investigated by SEM and XRD, respectively. And the effect of crystal orientation and morphology of the prepared films on corrosion resistance was estimated by measuring polarization curves in 3% NaCI solution.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.157-163
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• 2018

본 연구는 기존에 사용되어 지고 있는 타설 노즐 내부에 블레이드를 설치함으로써 타설 시 시멘트 복합체에 혼입된 섬유의 방향성을 제어하고 동시에 분포도를 향상시키고자 하였다. 블레이드 변수 최적화를 위하여 시멘트계 매트릭스 재료의 유동과 혼입된 섬유의 운동, 노즐간의 상호작용을 고려한 다중물리계 유한요소해석을 수행하였다. 사용되는 섬유길이를 변수로 하여 블레이드의 간격, 길이, 위치를 결정하였다. 내부 블레이드 간격이 섬유길이의 약 1.2~2.4배, 블레이드 길이는 섬유길이의 약 4~8배, 설치 위치는 시멘트 복합체가 도출되는 입구에서부터 섬유길이의 14배 이하일 때 섬유 방향각이 약 $15^{\circ}$이하로 제어되었다. 또한, 본 연구에서 제시된 블레이드형 노즐은 기존의 섬유보강 시멘트 복합체 타설장비와 타설관을 그대로 사용하면서, 탈 부착식으로 제작될 수 있어 사용성과 편의성을 동시에 제공할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.223-233
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• 2008

In the mid 90's, the U.S. government released images acquired by the first generation of photo reconnaissance satellite missions between 1960 and 1972. The Declassified Intelligent Satellite Photographs (DISP) from the Corona mission are of high quality with an astounding ground resolution of about 2 m. The KH-4A panoramic camera system employed a scan angle of $70^{\circ}$ that produces film strips with a dimension of $55\;mm\;{\times}\;757\;mm$. Since GPS/INS did not exist at the time of data acquisition, the exterior orientation must be established in the traditional way by using control information and the interior orientation of the camera. Detailed information about the camera is not available, however. For reconstructing points in object space from DISP imagery to an accuracy that is comparable to high resolution (a few meters), a precise camera model is essential. This paper is concerned with the derivation of a rigorous mathematical model for the KH-4A/B panoramic camera. The proposed model is compared with generic sensor models, such as affine transformation and rational functions. The paper concludes with experimental results concerning the precision of reconstructed points in object space. The rigorous mathematical panoramic camera model for the KH-4A camera system is based on extended collinearity equations assuming that the satellite trajectory during one scan is smooth and the attitude remains unchanged. As a result, the collinearity equations express the perspective center as a function of the scan time. With the known satellite velocity this will translate into a shift along-track. Therefore, the exterior orientation contains seven parameters to be estimated. The reconstruction of object points can now be performed with the exterior orientation parameters, either by intersecting bundle rays with a known surface or by using the stereoscopic KH-4A arrangement with fore and aft cameras mounted an angle of $30^{\circ}$.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.227-231
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• 2024

이 연구는 한국인의 정치적 성향을 판별하는데 복지에 대한 태도가 유의한 기여를 하는지 여부를 실증적으로 분석하고자 한다. 분석자료는 2022년도 수집된 한국복지패널 17년차 자료이다. 종속변수는 진보와 보수로 구분된 응답자의 정치적 성향이며 핵심 종속변수는 복지태도의 두 가지 측면, 보편주의 vs 선별주의에 대한 태도와 복지를 위한 증세에 대한 태도이다. 기존 연구들에서 정치적 성향에 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려진 성별, 연령, 정치에 대한 관심, 경제활동 상태, 교육수준 등이 통제변수로 활용되었다. 판별분석을 통해 종속변수 범주의 구분에 유의하게 하는 독립변수 확인, 확인된 독립변수를 활용하여 판별함수 구축, 판별 능력 측면에서 개별 독립변수들의 상대적 중요도 파악, 판별함수의 판별력 평가 및 새로운 판별 대상에 대한 범주 예측 등을 수행하였다. 분석결과, 판별함수에 의한 집단 간 판별점수는 유의한 것으로 나타났으며 '성별'과 '임시직 여부'를 제외한 모든 변수들이 유의한 판별효과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 종속변수의 판별에 미치는 효과의 크기는 '응답자 연령', '복지태도_증세', '복지태도_보편 vs 선별', '정치에 대한 관심', '교육수준' 순으로 나타났다. '진보' 집단의 79.8%, '보수' 집단의 81.2%가 정확히 분류된 것으로 나타났으며, 분류 적중률은 80.2%로 나타났다.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the international symposium on the fusion technology
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• pp.255-261
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• 2003

Tunnelling in poor and heterogeneous ground is a difficult task. Even with a good geological investigation, uncertainties with respect to the local rock mass structure will remain. Especially for such conditions, a reliable short-term prediction of the conditions ahead and outside the tunnel profile are of paramount importance for the choice of appropriate excavation and support methods. The information contained in the absolute displacement monitoring data allows a comprehensive evaluation of the displacements and the determination of the behaviour and influence of an anisotropic rock mass. Case histories and with numerical simulations show, that changes in the displacement vector orientation can indicate changing rock mass conditions ahead of the tunnel face (Schubert & Budil 1995, Steindorfer & Schubert 1997). Further research has been conducted to quantify the influence of weak zones on stresses and displacements (Grossauer 2001). Sellner (2000) developed software, which allows predicting displacements (GeoFit$\circledR$). The function parameters describe the time and advance dependent deformation of a tunnel. Routinely applying this method at each measuring section allows determining trends of those parameters. It shows, that the trends of parameter sets indicate changes in the stiffness of the rock mass outside the tunnel in a similar way, as the displacement vector orientation does. Three-dimensional Finite Element simulations of different weakness zone properties, thicknesses, and orientations relative to the tunnel axis were carried out and the function parameters evaluated from the results. The results are compared to monitoring results from alpine tunnels in heterogeneous rock. The good qualitative correlation between trends observed on site and numerical results gives hope that by a routine determination of the function parameters during excavation the prediction of rock mass conditions ahead of the tunnel face can be improved. Implementing the rules developed from experience and simulations into the monitoring data evaluation program allows to automatically issuing information on the expected rock mass quality ahead of the tunnel.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2007

임계면법을 적용하여 횡등방성 암석의 강도이방성을 해석하는 방법을 제안하였다. 암석의 파괴는 Hoek-Brown 파괴기준을 따르는 것으로 가정하였다. Hoek-Brown의 경험적 파괴기준식에 대응되는 Mohr 포착선식을 이용하고 강도상수인 m과 s를 방향에 따른 스칼라 함수로 정의하여 이방성 파괴함수를 구성하였다. 이방성 파괴함수를 최대고 하는 임계면의 방향을 찾기 위하여 직접 최적화기법의 하나인 공액구배법을 적용하였다. 횡등방성 안석에 대한 기존 이방성 강도모델이 대부분 삼축압축실험과 동일한 응력조건에서만 적용할 수 있는데 반하여 이 연구에서 제안된 방법은 일반적인 3차원 응력조건에도 쉽게 적용할 수 있다는 장점을 가지고 있다. 삼축압축실험의 모사를 통하여 얻어진 삼축압축강도와 파괴면의 경사에 분석을 통하여 제안된 방법의 적합성을 검토하였다.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.150-180
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• 1997

This article introduces the five functions of the national innovation system(NIS). As one of social systems in the national level, the five generic functions of open system - production, boundary spanning, maintenance, adaptation, management functions - are applied to the NIS. The production function is the primary process, which produces innovative products and services of the NIS. The boundary spanning function is the function of procuring input and disposing the innovation output or aiding in these processes. Experienced R&D human resources, R&D funds, technology etc. are some of the components of the input of the NIS. The maintenance function is responsible for maintaining smooth operation and upkeeping the system in terms of various conditions. The adaptation function is to help the system change and adapt, and scan the environment for problems, opportunites, and technological developments. It has outward orientation, from the long-term view for the survival of the system. The management function carries out planning and control of the overall activities for the other four functions in order to effectiving run the system as a whole. Finally, this article discusses implications of the diagnosis of the national innovation system and the decision making process of S&T policy.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the roles and function of family in mediating the relationship between depression and quality of life of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Most studies have found that depression is particularly common in patients with PD and further associated with poor quality of life. Family function, as a mediator, is based on a strength orientation perspective that emphasizes not only their responsibilities and risks but also recuperative powers and growth potential. Methods: Overall 157 adults with idiopathic Parkinson's disease were enrolled in this study via outpatient clinic and completed a set of assessment to measure depression using BDI, family APGAR questionnaire, and patients' quality of life using PDQ-8. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the mediating role of family APGAR score in the relationship between BDI and PDQ-8. Results: Patients' depression, gait disturbance, duration of illness, and family function were statistically significant on quality of life. These factors accounted for 60% of the variance in quality of life. Family function has a partial mediating effect on the relationship between depression and quality of life. Conclusion: Findings from the study suggest that although PD patients' depression impacts their quality of life, by having strong family function, the extent to which depression impacts the quality of life can be favorably mitigated. Additionally, these outcomes have important implications for future model development regarding PD patients.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 1997년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.82-87
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• 1997

This paper presents a new approach to the design of cruise control system of a mobile robot with two drive wheel. The proposed control scheme uses a Gaussian function as a unit function in the fuzzy-neural network, and back propagation algorithm to train the fuzzy-neural network controller in the framework of the specialized learning architecture. It is proposed a learning controller consisting of two neural network-fuzzy based on independent reasoning and a connection net with fixed weights to simply the neural networks-fuzzy. The performance of the proposed controller is shown by performing the computer simulation for trajectory tracking of the speed and azimuth of a mobile robot driven by two independent wheels.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2015

This study describe a new method to control posture and velocity for a wheeled mobile robot using visual feedback control method with a position based visual feedback. To slove the problem of vibration phenomena which were shown in the previous researches using a simple switching function based on a threshold, the proposed visual servo control law introduces the fusion function based on a blending function. The chattering problem and rapid motion of the mobile robot can be eliminated. And we consider the nonlinearity of the wheeled mobile robot unlike the previous visual servo control laws using linear control methods to improve the performances of the visual servo control law. The proposed posture control law using visual servoing is verified by a theoretical analysis and simulation and experimental results.