• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.19-30
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• 2023

This study analyzed intra-regional disparities by using the concentration index of industrial organization theory. And the range of study is 11 cities in Chungcheongbuk-do province. This study aims to clarify the characteristics of the intra-regional disparities by using concentration ratio(CR) and Herfindahl-Hirschman Index. After the review of previous studies, we intend to study the intra-regional disparities using these two indexes. Target is the bio-health industry that all povinces in South Korea want to develop competitively. In addition the analysis was conducted by dividing the bio-health industry into four detailed fields(pharmaceuticals, medical devices, health functional foods, and cosmetics). These fields are based on the results of the city and county competitiveness-enhancing industry. The research results derived the intra-regional disparities index based on sales, the number of workers, and R&D expenses by detailed field. As a result it was confirmed that the strengths according to the detailed fields differed by region. It can be used as basic data in establishing differentiated industrial development strategies for each region in the future.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2020.11a
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• pp.47-53
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• 2020

빅데이터 기술은 기업의 경쟁력을 높일 수 있는 혁신 기술 중 하나로 급성장하고 있는 가운데 농업 분야 또한 빅데이터를 활용한 경쟁력 제고와 미래 산업으로의 발전이 중요 당면과제로 부상하고 있다. 해외의 경우 농업 빅데이터를 활용한 스타트업이 빠른 속도로 증가하며 성장하는 반면 국내의 경우 생산 분야 일부 농업 벤처 외에는 빅데이터 활용이 미흡한 실정이다. 또한 기업의 빅데이터 활용수준이나 활용의도에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대한 연구가 대기업이나 특정 산업에 국한되어 이루어지고 있으며, 연구마다 영향요인 변수의 검증결과가 상이하게 나타나 산업/기업특성에 따라 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구의 목적은 농업벤처기업에서 새로운 ICT인 빅데이터를 도입하고 사용하는 데 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하고, 이를 통해 기대하는 편익에 대해 파악함으로써 활용을 촉진할 수 있는 방안을 제시하는 데 있다. 본 연구는 빅데이터가 조직의 프로세스를 변화시키고, 최고경영층의 지원이 필수적이며, 기업이 처한 환경적 압박에 대응할 수 있는 수단으로 보고 기술·조직·환경(TOE: Technology-Organization-Environment) 프레임워크를 기반으로 혁신확산이론(Diffusion of Innovation Theory) 모형을 결합하여 본 연구에 적합한 변수들을 도출한 후 이들 변수간의 인과관계를 설정하여 연구모형을 구성하였다. 이에 따라 TOE모형의 기술적 요인에 관한 변수로는 혁신확산이론 변수인 상대적이점, 호환성, 복잡성을 채택하였고, 조직적 요인에 관한 변수로 최고경영층 지원, 비용부담능력을, 환경적 요인에 관한 변수로는 법적·정책적 지원, 경쟁자 압력을 채택하였다. 이들 3가지 요인에 속한 7가지 변수들과 빅데이터 사용의도와 기대편익 간의 관련성, 그리고 농업벤처 사업분야의 조절효과에 대한 8개의 가설을 설정하였다. 본 연구는 실제 농업벤처기업 종사자 대상 설문을 통한 실증연구를 통해 벤처 현장에서의 빅데이터 활용수준을 높이기 위한 기술적, 조직적, 환경적 관점의 정책 개선방안을 제시하고, 생산/가공/유통 등 사업분야별 비교를 통해 영향요인의 중요도 차이를 규명해 영역별로 차별적이고 효과적인 정책 방향성을 도출하는 데 시사점을 제시하고자 한다.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.45.1-45.7
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• 2022

Food security will be affected by climate change worldwide, particularly in the developing world, where the most important food products originate from plants. Plants are often exposed to environmental stresses that may affect their growth, development, yield, and food quality. Auxin is a hormone that plays a critical role in improving plants' tolerance of environmental conditions. Auxin controls the expression of many stress-responsive genes in plants by interacting with specific cis-regulatory elements called auxin-responsive elements (AuxREs). In this work, we performed an in silico prediction of AuxREs in promoters of five auxin-responsive genes in Zea mays. We applied a data fusion approach based on the combined use of Dempster-Shafer evidence theory and fuzzy sets. Auxin has a direct impact on cell membrane proteins. The short-term auxin response may be represented by the regulation of transmembrane gene expression. The detection of an AuxRE in the promoter of prolyl oligopeptidase (POP) in Z. mays and the 3-fold overexpression of this gene under auxin treatment for 30 min indicated the role of POP in maize auxin response. POP is regulated by auxin to perform stress adaptation. In addition, the detection of two AuxRE TGTCTC motifs in the upstream sequence of the bx1 gene suggests that bx1 can be regulated by auxin. Auxin may also be involved in the regulation of dehydration-responsive element-binding and some members of the protein kinase superfamily.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.60 no.4
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• pp.213-221
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• 2023

The demand for Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) carriers and LNG-fueled ships has significantly increased in recent years due to the sulfur-oxide emission regulations by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The main goal of this paper is to introduce the process for the Engineering Critical Assessment (ECA) of IMO independent type-B cargo tanks made from 9% nickel alloy. A methodology proposed by the British Standard was used to conduct ECA for any structure with initial flaws. Based on this standard, a Matlab code was developed to perform ECA. Coarse mesh Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was performed on an independent type-B LNG cargo tank with a capacity of 15,000 m³. The location with the highest development of maximum principal stress was identified at the bottom of the cargo tank. Fine mesh FEA was performed to obtain the stress range required for ECA. The dynamic cargo tank loads used for FEA were determined using some ship rules presented by Det Norske Veritas. As a result of performing a 20-year long-term crack propagation analysis with a semi-elliptical surface crack, the fracture-to-yield ratio exceeded the Fracture Assessment Line (FAL) and some structural reinforcement was necessary. Performing a 15-day short-term crack propagation analysis, the fracture-to-yield ratio remained within the FAL, and no significant LNG leaks were expected. This paper is believed to provide a guide for performing ECA of LNG cargo tanks in the future by providing the basic theory and application sample necessary to perform ECA.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.930-935
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• 2023

This study aimed to analyze the structure of the value chain of the olive flounder aquaculture industry to increase the value of this industry. Based on the value chain theory, olive flounder aquaculture industry activities were classified as primary and support activities. The primary activities included seed production, fish production, producer distribution, consumer distribution, and consumption. The support activities were production infrastructure, organization and specialization, R&D, and government policy. A survey was conducted on the costs of seed and fish production in the primary activities to investigate the business structure, and the distribution structure was analyzed to examine distribution costs and margins. In the support activities, the recent trends in R&D and government policy were mainly examined, based on which, a measure to reduce costs and maximize profits was suggested. It is necessary to reduce costs across the production processes by improving seed quality and reducing labor, feed, and management costs, which are strongly associated with support activities. Therefore, lowering costs will be possible in the olive flounder aquaculture industry when R&D outcomes, such as species development, feed quality improvement, and aquaculture system development, are stably diffused and applied in tandem with government policy regarding the industry.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.431-444
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• 2023

Purpose - This study applies the traditional Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) model from industrial organization theory to investigate the relationship between market structure and performance in China's banking industry. Design/methodology/approach - For analysis, financial data from the People's Bank of China's "China Financial Stability Report" and financial reports of 6 state-owned banks and 11 joint-stock banks for the period 2010 to 2021 were collected to create a balanced panel dataset. The study employs panel fixed-effects regression analysis to assess the impact of changes in market structure and ownership structure on performance variables including return on asset, profitability, costs, and non-performing loan ratios. Findings - Empirical findings highlight significant differences in the effects of market structure between state-owned and joint-stock banks. Notably, increased market competition positively correlates with higher profits for state-owned banks and with lower costs for joint-stock banks. Research implications or Originality - State-owned banks demonstrate larger scale and stability, yet they struggle to respond effectively to market shifts. Conversely, joint-stock banks face challenges in raising profitability against competitive pressures. Additionally, the study emphasizes the importance for Chinese banks to strengthen risk management due to the increase of non-performing loans with competition. The results provide insights into reform policies for Chinese banks regarding the involvement of private sector in the context of market liberalization process in China.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.43
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• pp.41-66
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• 2015

A study on rhythm of a sijo was mostly conducted based on rhythm theory. As it is considered to define the rhythm of a formal sijo based on three verses, its significance has been recognized. However, if rhythm is understood to be superior to cadence or versification, it seems necessary to examine the rhythm of a sijo as a verse with a fixed form as well as a highly individual rhythm of each and every lyric poet, which is informal rhythm, in order to fully understand them. In this case, prosodie analysis by H. Meschonnic (1932~ 2009) can be a significant methodology. As this study gropes for a possibility to examine the rhythm of a sijo from a new perspective instead of existing rhythm theory through the application of H. Meschonnic's prosodie analysis, it can be regarded as an essay. Prosodie newly suggested by Meschonnic is referred to as linguistic organization of consonants and vowels and indication of their paradigm, and it conflicts the perspective that traditionally separates linguistic sound from meaning for dichotomous understanding. It is due to the fact that the organization of consonants and vowels is a unit that constitutes a complicated layer of significant sound and meaning. Accordingly, prosodie analysis that is irregularly and aperiodically distributed within poetic text can be considered as methodology aimed at explaining how a poem is integrated in terms of sound and semantics. The core of prosodie analysis is to examine how the phonologic system stands against the theme of a poem. It ultimately has the same way of establishing literary style of a poet as it is to explain a unique aesthetic structure that individual poems have and show distinct characteristics of linguistic use by a poet. Prior to application of the prosodie analysis to sijo in general, the study preparatorily conducted prosodie analysis on < Ouga > by Gosan Seon-do Yun.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.121-136
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• 2012

The purpose of this paper is to derive the features of cold damage clinical medicine during the early days of the Chosun(朝鮮) period by analyzing discussions on cold damage published in the official medical book of the Chosun period, Compendium of Prescription from the Countryside(鄕藥集成方, CPC). Cold damage was one of the typical diseases in East Asia where there was constant seeking of the utilization of prescriptions, ways of preparations, and awareness regarding cold damage as shown in Zhang, Zhongjing(張仲景)'s Treatise on Cold Damage Disease(傷寒論, TCDD) below. Traditional Korean medicine which possessed the medical universality of East Asia also was no exception and through an analysis of the part on cold damage in CPC, it is expected that medical features of cold damage in Korea passed down from the Koryo(高麗) Dynasty to the early Chosun period will be revealed. For this, first there needs to be an organization of past discussions on cold damage surrounding the existence of infection and after checking the issues, exploring which of the writings related to TCDD and editions are being utilized through an analysis on citing literature of Cold Damage Disease Literature(傷寒門) and Heat Pathogen Disease Literature(熱病門) which have developed discussions on cold damage in CPC. In addition, by comparing Peaceful Holy Benevolent Prescription(太平聖惠方, PHBP) and Complete Record of Sacred Benevolence(聖濟總錄, CRSB), known to have greatly influenced CPC and Cold Damage Literature and Heat Pathogen Disease Literature, features of form and content used by CPC were analyzed. Features of form were examined through pattern of organization and number of citing literature were examined and for features of content, cold damage infection, classification, syndrome differentiation method, and utilization of materia medica among prescriptions were examined. Discussions on cold damage as being uninfectious as stated in Treatise on the Pathogenesis and Manifestations of All Diseases(諸病源候論) unlike pestilence, epidemic pathogen(時氣), warm pathogen disease(溫病), and heat pathogen disease were excluded in PHBP. PHBP opened the possibility of cold damage infection and later writings, CRSB and CPC also follow this. As a result of analyzing citing literature of the part on cold damage in CPC, it is uncertain which edition of TCDD is being utilized; however, the most distinctive feature was that Classified Emergency Materia Medica(證類本草) and not writings specializing in cold damage are in use. In general, although CPC in terms of form is similar to CRSB, content creation predominantly depended on PHBP. More specifically; first, in terms of the existence of cold damage infection, arguments of PHBP and CRSB are maintained. Second, in terms of cold damage classification, although CRSB is followed, heat pathogen disease is classified separately developing PHBP as is. Third, in terms of method, as Book of Keep Healthy(南陽活人書) and CRSB compiled in later times are cited, it is deemed that arguments were raised to a certain extent regarding six-meridian syndrome differentiation(六經辨證). Fourth, although the majority of utilized materia medica among cold damage prescriptions utilize Materia Medica from the Countryside(鄕藥本草) in CPC and materia medica from Korean Peninsula, this is due to the desire for the compilation performance of CPC to be propagated to ordinary citizens and not the ruling class. CPC as the official medical book compiled in the early days of the Chosun period was greatly influenced by the Song(宋) Dynasty's medical books, PHBP and CRSB shows that cold damage medicine in the early Chosun Period indeed possesses the medical universality of East Asia. Furthermore, the features of published medical theory and prescriptions reveal the existence of the cold damage medical tradition of the Chosun period serving as clues for cold damage research tradition among Korea's medical history.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.21-43
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• 2008

The task network which is formed of different individuals can be recognized as a social network. Therefore, the way to communicate with people inside or outside the network has considerable influence on their outcome. Moreover, the position on which a member stands in a network shows the different effects of the information systems supporting communication with others. In this paper, it is to be studied how personal CMC (computer-mediated communication) tools affect the mission that those who work for a network perform through diverse task networks. Especially, we focused on synchronicity of CMC. On this score, the perspective of Media Synchronicity Theory was taken that had been suggested by criticizing Media Richness Theory. It is the objective, from this perspective, to find which characteristics of networks make the value of IT supporting synchronicity high. In the research trends of social networks, there have been two traditional perspectives to explain the effect of network: embeddedness and diversity ones. These differ from the aspect which type of social network can provide much more economic benefits. As similar studies have been reported by various researchers, these are also divided into the bonding and bridging views which are based on internal and external tie, respectively, Size, density, and centrality were measured as the characteristics of personal task networks. Size means the level of relationship between members. It is the total number of other colleagues who work with a specific member for a certain project. It means, the larger the size of task network, the more the number of coworkers who interact each other through the job. Density is the ratio of the number of relationships arranged actually to the total number of available ones. In an ego-centered network, it is defined as the ratio of the number of relationship made really to the total number of possible ones between members who are actually involved each other. The higher the level of density, the larger the number of projects on which the members collaborate. Centrality means that his/her position is on the exact center of whole network. There are several methods to measure it. In this research, betweenness centrality was adopted among them. It is measured by the position on which one member stands between others in a network. The determinant to raise its level is the shortest geodesic that represents the shortest distance between members. Centrality also indicates the level of role as a broker among others. To verify the hypotheses, we interviewed and surveyed a group of employees of a nationwide financial organization in which a groupware system is used. They were questioned about two CMC applications: MSN with a higher level of synchronicity and email with a lower one. As a result, the larger the size of his/her own task network, the smaller its density and the higher the level of his/her centrality, the higher the level of the effect using the task network with CMC tools. Above all, this positive effect is verified to be much more produced while using CMC applications with higher-level synchronicity. Among the a variety of situations under which the use of CMC gives more benefits, this research is considered as one of rare cases regarding the characteristics of task network as moderators by focusing ITs for the operation of his/her own task network. It is another contribution of this research to prove empirically that the values of information system depend on the social, or comparative, characteristic of time. Though the same amount of time is shared, the social characteristics of users change its value. In addition, it is significant to examine empirically that the ITs with higher-level synchronicity have the positive effect on productivity. Many businesses are worried about the negative effect of synchronous ITs, for their employees are likely to use them for personal social activities. However. this research can help to dismiss the concern against CMC tools.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.5-33
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• 1995

The objective of the study are two-fold: one is to explore the relationship between environment, organizational structure, and organizational effectiveness of public health centers in Korea, and the other is to examine the validity of contingency theory for improving the organizational structure of public health care agencies, with special emphasis on public health nursing administration. Accordingly, the conceptual model of the study consisted of three different concepts: environment, organizational structure, and organizational effectiveness, which were built up from the contingency theory. Data were collected during the period from 1st of May through 30th of June, 1990. From the total of 249 health centers in the country, one hundred and five centers were sampled non proportionally, according to the geopolitical distribution. Out of 105, 73 health centers responded to mailed questionnaire. The health centers were the unit of the study, and a various statistical analysis techniques were used: Reliability analysis(Cronbach's Alpha) for 4 measurement tools; Shapiro-Wilk statistic for normality test of measured scores of 6 variables: ANOVA, Pearson Correlaion analysis, regressional analysis, and canonical correlation analysis for the test of the relationships and differences between the variables. The results were. as follows : 1. No significant differences between forma lization, decision-making authority and environmental complexity were found(F=1.383, P=.24 ; F=.801, P=.37). 2. Negative relationships between formalization and decision-making authority for both urban and rural health centers were found(r=-.470, P=.002 ; r=-.348, P=.46). 3. No significant relationship between formalization and job satisfaction for both urban and rural health centers were found (r=-.242, P=.132, r=-.060, P=.739). 4. Significant positive relationship between decision - making authority and job satisfaction were found in urban health centers (r=.504, P=.0009), but no such relationship was observed in rural health centers. Regression coefficient between them was statistically significant($\beta=1.535$, P=.0002), and accuracy of regression line was accepted (W=.975, P= .420). 5. No significant relationships among formalization and family planning services, maternal health services, and tuberculosis control services for both urban and rural health centers were found. 6. Among decision-making authority and family planning services, maternal health services, and tuberculosis control services, significant positive relationship was found between de cision-making authority and family planning services(r=.286, P=.73). 7. A significant difference was found in maternal health services by the type of health centers (F=5.13, P=.026) but no difference was found in tuberculosis control services by the type of health centers, formalization, and decision-making authority. 8. A significant positive relationships were found between family planning services and maternal health services and tuberculosis control services, and between maternal health services and tuberculosis control services (r=-.499, P=.001 ; r=.457, P=.004 ; r=.495, P=.002) in case of urban health centers. In case of rural health centers, relationships between family planning services and tuberculosis control services, and between maternal health services and tuberculosis control services were statistically significant (r=.534, P=.002 ; r=.389, P=.027). No significant relationship was found between family planning and maternal health services. 9. A significant positive canonical correlation was found between the group of independent variables consisted of formalization and de cision-making authority and the group of dependent variables consisted of family planning services, maternal health services and tuberculosis control services(Rc=.455, P=.02). In case of urban health centers, no significant canonical correlation was found between them, but significant canoncial correlation was found in rural health centers(Rc=.578, P=.069), 10. Relationships between job satisfaction and health care productivity was not found significant. Through these results, the assumed relationship between environment and organizational structure was not supported in health centers. Therefore, the relationship between the organizational effectiveness and the congruence between environment and organizational structure that contingency theory proposes to exist was not able to be tested. However decision-making authority was found as an important variable of organizational structure affecting family planning services and job satisfaction in urban health centers. Thus it was suggested that decentralized decision making among health professionals would be a valuable strategy for improvement of organizational effectiveness in public health centers. It is also recommended that further studies to test contingency theory would use variability and uncertainty to define environment of public health centers instead of complexity.