• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.41-47
• /
• 2022

In this study, rainfall water outlet water quality monitoring was performed on the C industrial complex to evaluate the characteristics of non-point pollutant runoff from the industrial complex during rainfall and to use it as basic data for calculating the load and unit of non-point pollutant. As a result of calculating EMC according to the outflow amount by rainfall event, the 1st rainfall showed EMCs ranges of BOD, COD_Mn, SS, T-N, and T-P of 1.32~48.76, 3.32~43.75, 2.89~199.43, 2.76~8.93, 0.08~068, and the 2nd rainfall was 0.5~2.9, 2.71~7.13, 2.82~174.94, 1.33~4.03, 0.01~1.28 mg/L, respectively. As a result of calculating the ratio of cumulative outflow and cumulative pollution load, most of the pollution load was less than the rainfall outflow, but over time, the initial washing phenomenon occurred as the ratio of cumulative rainfall outflow and cumulative pollution load increased to more than 1.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.345-356
• /
• 2011

Based on the consideration of land based pollutant discharges from the basin and seawater quality related carrying capacity and the seawater quality improvement in receiving water bodies of Yeoja Bay where eutrophication and organic pollution are in progress, were evaluated. The permissible inflow loads of BOD, TN and TP by using the geographical features and box modelling method were estimated. As results, it is shown that the reduction rate of discharged BOD and TP loads were 39.3% and 30.8 %, respectively, however, 6.9% was estimated for TN. According to the pollutant loading in each tributary and generated load of the basin, it is given much weight on the land use group, and also was shown in discharged load estimation. This suggests that it is important to control nonpoint source pollutant such as livestock and land use groups as well as point source to contribute the proposition of the water quality improvement plan according to the characteristics of the bay.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.325-331
• /
• 2015

Due to urbanization and increase in impervious area, changes in natural water circulation system have become a cause of groundwater recharge reduction, streamflow depletion and other hydrological problems. Therefore, this study developed the infiltration planter techniques applied in an LID facility treating roof stormwater runoff such as, performance of small decentralized retention and infiltration through the reproduction of natural water circulation system and use of landscape for cleaning water. Assessment of an infiltration planter was performed through rainfall monitoring to analyze the water balance and pollutant removal efficiency. Hydrologic assessment of an infiltration planter, showed a delay in time of effluent for roof runoff for about 3 hours and on average, 79% of facilities had a runoff reduction through retention and infiltration. Based on the analysis, pollutant removal efficiency generated in the catchment area showed an average of 97% for the particulate matter, 94% for the organic matter and 86-96% and 92-93% for the nutrients and heavy metals were treated, respectively. Comparative results with other LID facilities were made. For this study, facilities compared the SA/CA to high pollutant removal efficiency for the determination to of the effectiveness of the facility when applied in an urban area.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• v.42 no.3
• /
• pp.233-247
• /
• 2020

This study was carried out at 5 sites 11 times over two years to identify the variation of benthic environments and benthic polychaetous community and analyze the benthic healthiness in Dangdong Bay, a small semi-enclosed inner bay of Jinhae Bay. The temperature of bottom water showed the typical temporal fluctuation of a temperate zone and was in the range of 5.94 ~ 23.94℃. The salinity did not change significantly during the study period and was in the range of 32.93 ~ 35.72 psu. The concentration of dissolved oxygen of bottom water fluctuated a great deal and was in the range of 0.31 ~ 10.20 mg/L. The lowest DO value was recorded in July 2015, as 0.31±0.04 mg/L corresponding to the hypoxic water mass. The hypoxic water mass was formed continuously at some sites also in July and August 2016. The mean grain size was in the range of 7.57 ~ 9.81Ø and the average was 8.89±0.20Ø. The surface sediments were mainly composed of fine sediment (mud) above 85%. The mean of TOC was 3.09±0.22% and LOI was 13.30±0.47%, showing very high levels in Korean coastal waters. The concentration of AVS was in the range of 0.33 ~ 1.28 mgS/g-dry. The high values of organic contents and AVS indicated that there had been the serious organic enrichment in Dangdong Bay. The number of species and the density of the benthic polychaetous community in Dangdong Bay were in the range of 2 ~ 38 species and 2 ~ 2,185 ind./㎡ during the study period. The number of species and density were highly sustained in winter and spring, and then decreased gradually with the formation of a hypoxic water mass in summer, and the lowest number of species and density were recorded in autumn. In September and November 2015, the dead zone expanded to almost the whole study area. Dominant polychaetous species were Capitella capitata, Lumbrineris longifolia, Paraprionospio patiens and Sigambra tentaculata, each known as opportunistic species and potential organic pollutant indicator species. In particular, Paraprionospio patiens showed a very high population density of 2,019 ind./㎡ in December 2016. Polychaetous communities at each sampling time were classified into 4 temporal groups according to dominant species in each period by cluster analysis and nMDS. 'Period Group AI' was formed in winter and spring of 2015, dominated by Capitella capitata, 'Period AII' in summer dominated by Lumbrineris longifolia, 'Period B' in autumn with no fauna in the dead zone, and particularly 'Period C' in winter of 2016 dominated by Paraprionospio patiens. As a result of analysis of benthic healthiness, the study area was estimated to be in a Fair~Very Poor condition by AMBI and in a Poor~Very Poor condition by BPI during the study period. Both AMBI and BPI showed that the study area was in a Very Poor condition in September and November 2015, and when the dead zone occurred. In Dongdong Bay, the fact that the formation of a hypoxic water mass occurred in summer and a dead zone in autumn were confirmed. In addition, the dominance of opportunistic and organic pollutant indicator species was also observed clearly. The benthic healthiness indexes such as AMBI and BPI showed that organic enrichment was serious in Dangdong Bay.

• Journal of Korea Society of Waste Management
• /
• v.35 no.8
• /
• pp.744-753
• /
• 2018

The Stockholm Convention, which was adopted in Sweden in 2001 to protect human health and the environment, includes regulations for Persistent Organic Pollutant Rotors such as toxic and bioaccumulatives. Currently, there are 28 types of materials. This prohibits and limits the production, use, and manufacture of products. Korea is a member of the Convention, and it is necessary to prepare management and treatment plans to address the POP trends. Thus, we experimentally investigate whether the environmentally stable incineration is achieved when the sample is thermally treated using the Lab-scale (1 kg/hr). The target samples is pesticides in liquid phase and solid phase. In this study, organic chlorinated pesticides and their thermal characteristics were analyzed. We calculated the theoretical air volume based on the element analysis results. Because the interior of the reactor is small, more than 10 times of the air ratio was injected. The retention time was set to at least 4 seconds using a margin. The incineration temperature was $850^{\circ}C$ and $1100^{\circ}C$. Thus, we experimentally investigated whether the environmentally stable incineration was achieved when the sample was thermally treated using the Lab-scale (1 kg/hr). We analyzed five types of exhaust gas; the 02 concentration was high, but the CO amount decreased. Complete combustion is difficult because of the small size of the furnace due to the nature of Lab-scale. The organic chlorine-containing pesticide had an average decomposition rate of 99.9935%. Considering the decomposition rates of organic chlorine-containing pesticide in this study, the incineration treatment at over 2 ton/hour, which is typical for a conventional incinerator, is possible. Considering the occurrence of dioxins and unintentional persistent organic pollutants, it can operate at more than $1,100^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.431-440
• /
• 2014

To propose the improvement and management plans to strengthen the pollutant removal efficiency of dam reservoir's constructed wetlands(CWs), the operation status and configuration of CWs (including water depth, operational flow, water flow distribution, residence time, and pollutant removal efficiency, aspect ratio, open water/vegetation ratio etc.) were analyzed in 10 major wetlands constructed in dam reservoirs. The pollutant concentrations in the inflows of the studied CWs were lower than those of American and European constructed wetlands. Especially, organic matter concentrations in all of inflows were below 3 mg/L(as BOD) due to advanced treatment of sewage disposal plant and an intake of low concentration water during dry and normal seasons. The average removal efficiency of total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) for 10 CWs ranged from 7.6~67.6%(mean 24.9%) and -4.9~74.5%(mean 23.7%), respectively, showing high in wetlands treating municipal wastewater. On the other hand, the removal efficiency of BOD was generally low or negative with ranging from -133.3 to 41.7%. From the analysis of the operation status and configuration of CWs, it is suggested that the low removal efficiency of dam reservoir's CWs were caused by both structural (inappropriate aspect ratio, excessive open water area) and operational (neglecting water-level management, lack of facilities and operation for first flush treatment, lake of monitoring during rainy events) problems. Therefore, to enable to play a role as a reduction facility of non-point source(NPS) pollutants, an appropriate design and operation manuals for dam reservoir's CW is urgently needed. In addition, the monitoring during rainy events, when NPS runoff occur, must be included in operation manual of CW, and then the data obtained from the monitoring is considered in estimation of the pollutant removal efficiency by dam reservoir's CW.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2010

It is indispensable for child care centers to investigate and manage indoor air quality (IAQ) because they perform education and day care for children who usually have weak immunity. Nevertheless, there is insufficient research being done, given its importance. This study aims to investigate indoor pollutants' concentration and to seek the causes in order to improve the air quality conditions. Also it aims to secure data which can be used for further researches. Measurements were performed for air temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, fine particle mass, formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds. Temperature, humidity, CO and CO2 were measured 30times(1min/time) and PM10 was measured 10times (3min/time). Formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds were measured and analyzed based on The Indoor Air Quality Official Test Method. The results show that the temperatures were within the comfort zone in over half of the centers. CO2 was found to be the main pollutants as its concentration exceeded the IAQ standard. The concentrations of TVOC and PM10 exceeded the standard, by 32% and 24% respectively, whereas those of HCHO and CO were under the standard. HCHO and CO concentrations were under the guideline. 24% of child care centers for education were found to exceed the standard in 2 or more of the pollutants. 82% of were found to exceed the standard by 1 or more. Therefor it is requested for IAQ to manage and improve in child care center for education.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.256-266
• /
• 2020

Objectives: The concentrations and distribution characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in an industrial complex and surrouding affected residential areas were investigated in an effort to support the efficient management of VOCs. Methods: The atmospheric concentrations of VOCs were analyzed at sites around the Sihwa-Banwol complex located in the cities of Siheung and Ansan and in the surrounding affected residential areas. The appearance of VOCs and the characteristics of their temporal and spatial distribution were evaluated. Results: The total VOC concentrations in the industrial complex were detected at 1.9-2.3 times higher than in the affected areas, but the daily VOCs distributions showed similar patterns in both sites. In particular, it was confirmed that the composition ratio of the VOCs and concentration fluctuations over time in the affected areas are similar to those in the adjacent industrial complex. VOC levels in the affected areas were higher than in residential areas in cities without an industrial complex. Conclusions: VOCs in residential areas near an industrial complex were highly distributed due to the influence of continuous pollutant emissions from the industrial complex. Therefore, the management of VOCs in the atmosphere of the affected area is important for identifying and managing the sources of VOCs detected in high concentrations in the industrial complex.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.453-461
• /
• 2013

This study, changes in raw water quality is to indicate on the efficiency of ozone treatment of each pollutant as compared to derive the appropriate operating measures. The appropriate selection for injection rate of pre-ozone and did not inject pre-ozone assess changes in the water. When good water quality, you not injected of pre-ozone to evaluate the economic efficiency of electricity and put the most cost-effective ozone concentration were evaluated. Evaluation remove organic matter and chlorophyll-a concentration level in experiments with each factor of the water DOC> 2.5 mg/L, THMFP> 70 ${\mu}g/L$, Chl-a> 30 $mg/m^3$or less constant process, if you do not need to put pre-ozone showed little impact. It also does not put you in pre-ozone appropriate produce enough power rate savings was calculated as approximately 90 million won. Ability to remove organic materials and the ability to produce disinfection byproducts, and cost-effective decisions by considering the concentration of injection if pre-ozone 1 mg/L was investigated by the appropriate concentration of ozone injection.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.569-579
• /
• 2011

This study evaluated the indoor air quality of 26 government offices located in Seoul. The pollutant samples were taken from Jan. 13th to Jan. 29th and Feb. 20th to Feb. 23rd, 2010 in the offices. The target indoor pollutants for this study were $PM_{10}$, formaldehyde, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, total bacteria counts, total volatile organic compounds, radon, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and asbestos which were controlled by the indoor air quality law for the multiple-use facilities management. The results of this study showed that some pollutants of the 38.5% offices exceeded the standards of the air quality guideline. The correlation analysis of the same pollutants between indoor and outdoor represented that $NO_2$ (r=0.629, p<0.05) and $O_3$ (r=0.459, p<0.01) were significant, however, $PM_{10}$ and CO were not. The correlation analysis between different pollutants showed that CO and TVOC (total volatile organic compounds: r=0.724; p<0.01), CO and $NO_2$ (r=0.674; p<0.01), HCHO and humidity (r=0.605; p<0.01), $CO_2$ and TVOC (r=0.534; p<0.01), TBC (total bacteria counts) and Asbestos (r=0.520; p<0.01) were significant. The energy-saving system of government buildings in winter caused under-ventilated and poor air quality. This study suggests that the concentrations of radon and $CO_2$ should be used as an indicator for monitoring indoor air quality and maintaining effective ventilations.