• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2015

Shading and soil environment are the main factors of growth and yield in ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer). Ginseng yield is directly related to survival rate because of increased missing plant for their growing period. Under field conditions, diseases and pests significantly affect plant survival rate. We evaluated the seedling establishment, growth and ginsenoside of the ginseng plants, under controlled management conditions in a plastic greenhouse, when their treated with different types of organic matter. Ginseng seeds were sown at a rate of three seeds per hole, and the seeding space measured $10cm{\times}15cm$. Compared to the control, treatment of cattle manure vermicompost (CMV) was shown to increase seedling establishment and decrease ginsenoside content. Root weights of plants treated with CMV were higher than those of plants treated with other types of organic matter. In addition, seedling establishment of 2-year-old ginseng plants was decreased when it was compared to that of 1-year-old ginseng plants. Our results indicated that organic matter type and rate were associated with seedling establishment, growth characteristic and ginsenoside content in greenhouse of ginseng direct-sowing culture.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.567-575
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• 2009

본 실험은 미생물이 포함되어있는 환경 친화적인 상업용 유기질비료(compost)를 2년 동안시용함으로서, 토양 내 화학성과 '신고' 배 수체생장을 향상시킬 수 있는 지를 알아보기 위하여 수행하였다. 시판된 유기질 비료 처리는 토양 내 미생물생체량과 토양 pH, 유기물함량, 그리고 양이온 치환용량을 관행재배 구에 비해서 증가시켰다. 유기질 비료 처리에 의해 개선된 토양환경은 엽 내 무기성분 함량에는 크게 영향을 미치지 못했으나, 엽 두께를 증가키시고, 엽과 꽃눈 수를 증가시킴으로서, 배 수체생장에 크게 영향을 미친 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.215-223
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 낙동강 주요 지류를 대상으로 상관분석, 주성분 및 요인분석, 군집분석과 같은 통계분석을 통해 수질 특성을 분석하였다. 유기물질과 영양물질은 높은 상관관계를 가지고 있으며 봄철 및 가을철에 높게 나와 해당 계절에 대한 집중적인 수질 관리가 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 주성분 및 요인분석 결과 전체 분산의 82%를 유기물질, 영양물질, 자연, 기상 등 4개의 주성분으로 설명할 수 있으며 BOD, COD, TOC, TP 항목이 주요 영향요인으로 분석되었다. 군집분석 결과 계절별 유기물, 영양물질의 오염도를 고려하여 4개의 군집으로 분류하였으며 금호강 유역은 사계절 높은 오염특성을 나타내고 있었다. 따라서 지류 하천의 효과적인 수질 관리를 위해서는 시공간적 특성을 고려한 대책이 필요하며 다변량 통계기법은 수질 관리 및 정책 수립에서 유용하게 활용 가능할 것으로 분석되었다.

• 환경생물
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.163-172
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• 2005

남해 중앙부해역의 해양환경특성을 파악하기 위해 표층 퇴적물중의 와편모. 조류 시스트와 유기물 분포에 대한 조사를 2002년 4월부터 2003년 1월가지 총 6회 실시하였다. 분석 항목 중 함수율, 강열감량, 화학적 산소요구량, 입자성 유기탄소, 입자성 유기질소, 식물색소량은 각각 $38.7\~68.9\%\;3.9\~\;12.5\%,\;9.60\~44.05\;m9O_2\;gdry^{-1},\;3.12\~13.14mgC\; gdry^{-1},\;0.49\~2.01mgN\;gdry^{-1}$ 및 $1.61\~29.51{\mu}g\;gdry^{-1}$ 범위로 나타났다. 시스트는 18속, 31종 2미동정으로 총 33종이 동정되었으며, 우점종은 주로 독립영양종인 Spiniferites bulloideus와 Scrippsiella trocho-idea가 나타났으며 현존량은 $42\~2,880\;cysts\;gdry{-1}$ 범위로 출현하였다. 유기물 농도와 시스트 현존량은 연안해역보다 육상에서 멀리 떨어진 외해역에서 높게 나타났으며, 유기물 기원은 육상기원보다는 해역자체 생산에 의해 지배되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 주성분분석결과 4월과 7월 모두 제1주성분은 "외해 유기물 집적"을, 제2주성분은 "시스트 출현량"에 의해 집약되는 특성으로 판단 할 수 있었으며, 득점분포도에 의해 남해 중앙부 해역은 3개의 해역으로 나누어졌다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.158-164
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• 1988

The growth characteristics and yield per unit area of two cropping systems, corn monoculture and 'wrnsoybean intercropping, were compared and the obtained results were as follows; 1.The two cultivation systems were not significantly different in leaf length, leaf width and length of internode at harvesting time. 2.The weight of stalk and the leaves of a plant were decreased with maturity, while the weight of ear was markedly increased. The patterns of relative ratio of each components were essentialy same in each cultivation systems. In corn monoculture, the percentages of stalk, leaf, and ear at final harvesting stage were 22.9, 13.7, and 63.4 and in corn-soybean intercropping, they were 21.8, 10.9, and 67.3 respectively. 3.Dry matter yield per unit area (kg/lOa) of intercropped corn at yellow stage was similar to that of monocultured corn (1, 483 kg/ 10a vs 1, 509 kg/ 10a). At ripe stage, however, the dry matter yield of intercropped plant was more than that of monocultured (1, 679 vs 1, 660 kg/ 10a). 4.The same pattern was observed in organic matter yield.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.727-733
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the physical characteristics like compressive strength, permeability, porosity and the water quality removal characteristics of permeable concrete pavement filled with microbial-soil sheet to remove SS, organic matter and nutrients in artificial rainfall. As a result, it can show the removal efficiency is SS 90~95%, COD 85~93%, BOD 80~83%, T-N 61~75%, T-P 71~78% on WAPS I(W1) and WAPS II(W2). Therefore, permeable concrete pavement filled with microbial-soil sheet shows higher removal efficiency(SS 10%, organic matter and nutrients 30%) than a conventional porous concrete(W3). By filling microbial-soil sheet to permeable concrete pavement, we confirm that the function and efficiency are improved significantly and that a naturally-friendly facility can be developed and applied to treat non-point sources.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.249-255
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• 2011

It is complicate problem to optimize removing natural organic matter (NOM) by activated carbon in drinking water treatment because the activated carbon has heterogeneous surface area and pore structure. Seven different coals based activated carbons which have different pore structures were used in the study. Sand filtered effluents which normally used as GAC adsorber influent were used. The molecular weight distribution showed that most of the NOM was bigger than 10,000Da. In this study, systematical approaches such as characteristics of surface area and pore volume were evaluated on NOM adsorption. Especially, the adsorption capacities for NOM were evaluated by effect of micro-pores and meso-pores in surface area and pore structure. The results show that the higher ratio of meso-pore compare to the micro-pore has not only the better adsorption capacities for NOM but also the higher strongly-adsorbable fraction. Therefore, the overall adsorption capacity is increased with higher meso-pore ratio with existing of reasonable micro-pore surface area and volume.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.179-187
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• 2020

Electrodialysis has been applied for treatment of industrial wastewater including metal electroplating. The wastewater from metal plating industries contains high concentrations of inorganics such as copper, nickel, and sodium. The ions in the feed were separated due to the electrical forces in the electrodialysis. The concentrate compartment is exposed to the elevated concentrations of the ions and yielded inorganic precipitations on the cation exchange membranes. The presence of organic matter in the metal plating wastewater affects complex interfacial reactions, which determines characteristics of inorganic scale fouling. The wastewater from a metal plating industry in practice was collected and the inorganic and organic compositions of the wastewater were analyzed. The performance of electrodialysis of the raw wastewater was evaluated and the effects of adjusting pH of the raw water were also measured. The integrated processes with neutralization and electrodialysis showed great removal of heavy metals sufficient to discharge to aquatic ecosystem. The organic matter in the raw water was also reduced by the neutralization, which might enhance removal performance and alleviate organic fouling in the integrated system.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.722-733
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• 2013

Ground-based measurements were conducted from August 25 to September 8 of 2011 for understanding characteristics of carbonaceous aerosols measured at Gosan. Chemical components and their sources were discussed by analysis of organic compounds with identification of primary and secondary products in particulate matter. Thus, organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) based on the carbonaceous thermal distribution (CTD), which provides detailed carbon signature characteristics relative to analytical temperature, was used to improve the carbon fractionation of the analytical method. In addition, organic compounds by gas chromatography technique with the backward trajectories were discussed for characteristics of carbonaceous aerosols. Different air-masses were classified related to the OC thermal signatures and the organic molecular markers such as aromatic acids and PAHs. We concluded that the aging process was influenced by the long-range transport from East Sea area.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2024

This study developed an efficient management plan to improve the water quality by analyzing fluctuations in the ratio and amount of various organic substances in streams considering watershed characteristics and rainfall patterns. Monitoring was conducted on three streams and one lake over seven sessions during wet and dry seasons. Water quality indicators including total organic (TOC), refractory dissolved organic (RDOC), and particulate organic (POC) carbons were analyzed using high-temperature combustion oxidation. The three streams (Cheongmi, Yanghwa, and Bokha) displayed high TOC concentrations during the rainy season because the accumulated organic substances from the dry season were washed away by rainfall. By contrast, Paldang Lake exhibited a substantial decrease in TOC concentration due to dilution, which was influenced by watershed and rainfall characteristics. Across all streams and lakes, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) accounted for the highest proportion, at 77.5% of TOC, with RDOC making up 91% of DOC and 71% of TOC. Although POC contributed a small annual proportion to annual TOC, the concentration rapidly increased during late spring and early summer, with increases of 40.403%, 25.99%, and 27.388% in Cheongmi, Yanghwa, and Bokha, respectively. Continuous monitoring of RDOC is essential to identify seasonal fluctuations and changes due to rainfall events. Furthermore, intensive POC management during the rainy season, particularly in May and June, is potentially economical and efficient for water quality management.