• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.21-24
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• 1984

조미료를 만드는 과정에서 폐산물로 생산되는 아미노산 발효부산물 비료를 뽕밭에 시용하는 농가의 시비 실태와 연용에 따른 토양 화학성의 변화를 알기 위해 전국에서 임의 선정된 110개 시군, 364개 농가 포장에서 토양을 채취 분석하고, 시비 실태를 설문 조사한 결과가 다음과 같았다. 1. 부산물비료를 시용하지 않는 농가는 3요소를 25.8-12.8-16.0kg/10a 시비하는데 비해, 시용하는 농가는 9.8-4.5-5.5kg/10a을 시비하는데 그쳤다. 2. 유기물 시용은 부산물비료를 시용하지 않는 농가에서는 1,158kg/10a을 시용하였으나, 시용 농가에서는 329kg/10a를 시용하였다. 3. 부산물비료를 시용하는 농가 중 53%가 3요소를 74%가 유기물을, 50%가 3요소는 물론 유기물을 시용하지 않았으며, 이러한 경향은 연용 연수에 따라 증가하였다. 4. 부산물 비료를 시용하는 농가의 토양은 연용연수와는 관계없이 시용하지 않는 농가에 비해 pH, 유기물, K, Ca, Mg, 유효인산 함량 등이 약간씩 낮은 경향을 보였다.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.106-110
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• 1991

달관평가결과(達觀評價結果)와 생장지표(生長指標)인 초장(草長), 분벽수(分蘗數) 및 건물중(乾物重) 변이(變異)에서는 다소 일치되지 않은 경향(傾向)으로 조사(調査)되었으나 공시약제(供試藥劑) 대부분(大部分)이 시비량(施肥量) 증대(增大)로 생육이상(生育異.常)이나 지연(遲延)이 더욱 현저하게 나타났다. 생장(生長)의 종합지표(綜合指標)인 건물중(乾物重)을 중심(中心)으로 평가(評價)한 결과(結果), pretilachlor는 모든 시비수준하(施肥水準下)에서 일률적으로 낮은 건물중(乾物重)을 나타내었으나, pyrazolate와 함께, 시비량 증대로 건물중 감소폭이 커지는 경향이었으며 bensulfuron-methyl은 무비수준(無肥水準)에서 오히려 회복이 빨랐으며 dimepiperate는 시비(施肥)에 관계없이 전반적(全般的)으로 안전성(安全性)이 유지되었다. 유기물시용(有機物施用)에 따른 제초제(除草劑) 약해반응(藥害反應)은, 시용량증대(施用量增大)로 약해(藥害)가 감소(減少)되는 경향(傾向)이었고, 특이한 것은 dimepiperate와 pyrazolate는 무시용구(無施用區)에서도 안전(安全)하였던 반면(反面) pretilachlor와 bensulfuron-methyl은 1000 Kg/10a 수준(水準)에서까지도 유의적(有意的)인 생육억제(生育抑制)가 되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.209-215
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• 2014

벼 재배를 위하여 유기질비료를 이용할 경우 토양의 화학성변화와 수량구성요소의 변화를 확인하여 합리적인 유기질비료의 시비방법과 효과를 규명하기 위하여 본 시험을 진행하였다. 토양의 화학성 변화에서는 3년간 벼 재배에 유기질비료를 지속적으로 사용한 토양에서는 대조구에 비하여 유기질비료를 사용한 시험구들에서 pH와 유기물함량 그리고 유효인산의 증가가 확인되었다. 수량구성요소 측면에서도 영화수와 천립중의 증가가 확인되었으며 수확량도 3년간 대조구에 비하여 시험구들의 증가가 확인되었다. 벼의 현미품질에서도 완전립비율은 대조구와 비교하여 차이가 없었으며 단백질함량은 2009년도에는 대조구와 시험구들 간에 통계적인 유의차가 인정되지 않았으나 2010년도부터는 시험구들의 단백질함량이 대조구에 비하여 낮은 수준으로 미질측면에서는 유기질비료가 효과적인 것으로 확인되었다. 상기의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 유기질비료를 장기간 사용하였을 경우에는 토양의 화학성을 개선하고 수량면에서도 관행적인 시비법보다 증수되며 합리적인 시비방법은 유기질비료의 질소성분을 12 kg/10a수준으로 시비하는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.936-942
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• 2012

This review was to elucidate the fate of Bentazon(3-isopropyl-1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one-2,2-dioxide) and its metabolites in soil. Bentazon is rapidly degraded to form polar metabolites which are mostly adsorbed to soil components, such as humin or fulvic acid, as non extractable forms and mineralized into $CO_2$ by light or micro-organisms in both aerobic or nonaerobic condition. The degradation of Bentazon is dependent on the rate of organic matters in soil and the use of land for the tillage. The degradation rate is decreased as the amount of organic matters in soil increases and if the land is under use for tillage. Sorption and mobility of Bentazon depends on soil pH and the content of organic matters in soil. Usually, the sorption of the metabolites of Bentazon is decreased with increase in the mobility and pH. Almost all of Bentazon is degraded within rhizosphere or forms conjugate bonds with soil organic matters before it reaches to the ground water.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.588-597
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• 2017

Food waste has been recognized as a critical problem in Korea and many research was conducted to efficiently reutilize or treat food waste. Main purpose of this research was to evaluate a feasibility for producing fermented organic fertilizer with mixture of earthworm cast (EC). Four different treatments were mixed with food waste and EC at the rate of 0, 10, 20, and 30%, respectively. Total days of composting experiment were 84 days and each sub samples were collected at every 7 days from starting of composting. Results showed that inner temperature in composting was increased to $70{\pm}4^{\circ}C$ within 5~10 days depending on mixing ratio of EC. Among different treatment, the highest increase of inner temperature was observed in treatment mixed with food waste and EC 30%. After finishing composting experiment, maturity was evaluated with solvita and germination test. Maturity index (MI) of each treatment was ranged between 5~7 indicating that manufactured fertilizer was curing or finished stage. Calculated germination index (GI) was at the range of 104~116 depending on mixing ratio of EC. Both MI and GI showed that manufactured fertilizer was suitable for fertilizer criteria while control (FW only) was not adequate for composting. Overall, earthworm cast can be utilized for improving compost maturity by mixing with food waste and more research should be conducted to make high quality of food waste compost with earthworm cast in agricultural fields.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.1253-1264
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• 2015

This study assessed the fertilizing value of struvite deposit recovered from swine wastewater in cultivating Chinese cabbage. Struvite deposit was compared with commercial fertilizers: complex, organic and compost to evaluate the fertilizing effect of struvite deposit. Laboratory pot test obviously presented that the struvite deposit more facilitated the growth of Chinese cabbage than organic and compost fertilizers even though complex fertilizer was the most effective in growing Chinese cabbage. It was revealed that the growth rate of Chinese cabbage was simultaneously controlled by phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). Also, the nutrients such as nitrogen (N), P, K, calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) were abundantly observed in the vegetable tissue of struvite pot. Specifically, P was the most abundant component in the vegetable tissue of struvite pot. Meanwhile, the utilization of struvite as a fertilizer led to the lower accumulation of chromium ($Cr^{6+}$) than other pots, except for compost fertilizer pots, and no detection of cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As) and nickel (Ni) in the Chinese cabbage. The experimental results proved that the optimum struvite dosage for the cultivation of Chinese cabbage was 2.0 g struvite/kg soil. On the basis of these findings, it was concluded that the struvite deposits recovered from swine wastewater were effective as a multi-nutrient fertilizer for Chinese cabbage cultivation.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.91-98
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• 2018

본 시험은 여름철 논에서 사료용 케나프의 파종량, 유기질 비료 시용량 및 수확시기 등 적정 재배 방법을 확립하기 위해 2014년에 전남 강진 지역 논에서 실시하였다. 시험구는 파종량이 ha당 10, 15, 20 kg 등 3수준 및 수확 시기가 파종 후 60일, 75일, 90일 등 3수준과 동일한 파종량에 유기질 비료 시용량이 20톤, 30톤 등 2수준으로 하였고, 시험구는 분할구 배치법 3반복으로 하였다. 케나프의 파종량을 ha당 10 kg에서 20 kg까지 늘림에 따라 초장이 커지고, 수량이 증가되었다. 파종량과 관계없이 수확 시기가 60일에서 90일까지 늦춰질수록 계속 성장하여 초장은 10.1~26.0% 수량은 18.8~30.0% 증가되었고, 파종 후 75일에서 90일 사이 증가 폭이 62.3~68.9%로 가장 컸다. 그러나 수량이 증가함에 따라 조단백질과 TDN 값은 감소되고, ADF와 NDF는 증가되어 사료가 치가 감소되었다. 유기질 비료를 ha당 20톤에서 30톤으로 증가하여 시비함에 따라 평균 15.3% 수량이 증가되었다. 결과적으로 케나프 재배시 ha당 가축분퇴비 30톤을 시비하고, 종자 20 kg를 파종하며, 생육 90일에 수확하는 것이 가장 높은 수량을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 동위원소회보
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.33-37
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• 2006

A fertilizer mixed with an electron beam irradiated sewage sludge and a starfish powder was developed. By the irradiation of sewage sledge, it could be hygienic from harmful microorganism and be free from Rely nucleonic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). The quality of fertilizer mainly consisted of electron beam irradiated sewage sledge could be enhanced by addition of starfish powder rich in organic calcium ion. The growth rate for a grass and a rose tree was enhanced about 35% when a fertilizer applied. By the development of new type of fertilizer, a large amount of sewage sledge and star fish con be utilized as a fertilizer.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.492-498
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• 2015

The long-term changes in the soil properties are closely related to the policy direction and the national program for the soil management. In this study, chemical properties of paddy soils in Jeonnam province were investigated at four-year interval since 1999 and the factors affecting change of chemical properties were analyzed in relation to the soil management policies. Chemical fertilizers supplied to Jeonnam province reduced by 57% in 2013 as compared with 1999, and the ratio of Jeonnam province to the national fertilizer supply gradually decreased to 14.1% in 2013 from 17.6% in 1999 due to national policies to reduce use of chemical fertilizers in the 2000s. In the chemical analysis of paddy soils in Jeonnam province, pH value tended to increase gradually within the optimal range. Available phosphate and exchangeable potassium content were always higher than the optimal range and showed no significant difference since 1999. Organic matter, exchangeable calcium and available silicate content were found to be lower than average content in the whole country as well optimal range for rice cultivation in 1999, but were higher than average content in the whole country and optimal range in 2011 because of faster rate of increase in Jeonnam province than the other region since the mid-2000s. The cause of increase in organic matter, exchangeable calcium and available silicate contents is considered to be the increased use of green manure crops and by-products fertilizer as an alternatives for conventional application of chemical fertilizers and soil amendment such as silicate fertilizer for agronomic control of the disease and insect pest in rice cultivation of environmentally-friendly agriculture.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.203-208
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate decomposition of livestock manure in soils cultivated with Chinese cabbage along an alitude gradient. The experiments were conducted in Kangreung (17 m above sea level), Bongpyeong (430 m above sea level), and Daekwanryeong (800 m above the sea level) in order to assess the decomposition rate and accumulations of livestock manures depending on different altitudes. During chinese cabbage cultivation, the decomposition ratios of organic matter derived form livestock manure expressed as % of the initial organic matter content were 42~48% for Kangreung, 26~29% for Bongpyeong and 10~14% for Daekwanryeong. Changes in air temperature with altitude might be a main factor affecting manure decomposition rates.