• Journal of Life Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.481-488
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• 1999

This study was conducted to survey some characteristics in growth of perilla by fertilization level organic matter. Corn stalk, acorn and chestnut were used as organic fertilizer in this study. In the height of perilla, chestnut fertilizer with 880kg/10a that R2 is 0.9996 showed the height level, and followed by acorn and corn stalk in order. Number of the harvested leaves was the highest in acorn among the three organic fertilizer by chestnut and corn stalk in order. However, number of the harvested leaves continuously was the highest in chestnut. Weight of a leaf was more effective at three kinds of organic fertilizer than control. There were no difference in the rate of dried leaf weight according to kinds of organic fertilizer. On the other hand, the rate of dried leaf weight by growth period was different. It was found that the rate of dried leaf in 30days or 110days. Diameter of perilla stem at 30cm above the ground according to kinds and fertilizer level of organic fertilizer was surveyed. However, the difference was not detected in this study.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.4
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• pp.161-177
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• 1991

This experiment was carrid out to investigate the effect of organic fertilizer and plant growth regulators application on the growth and quality of tomato. The results are summarized as follows. 1. Plant height of tomato was recorded highest when chemical fertilizer plus organic fertilizer was applied, and did not have significant effects in number of leaf. But stem diameter was positively effected by chemical plus organic fertilizer application than chemical fertilizer alone. 2. Flower formation, flower weight, anther weight and ovary weight were generally increased by organic fertilizer application. 3. Fruit-set and number of flower were significantly increased by organic fertilizer application. 4. Deformity fruit was the lowest rate at chemical plus organic fertilizer application when it was 14.7 percent, and it was increased by chemical fertilizer application. 5. Days of ripening was slightly delayed by organic fertilizer application and also flowering date shortened by chemical fertilizer application. 6. Plant growth regulators had positive effects on number of flower, flower weight, anther weight, and ovary weight, and variations of their effect by cluster were apparent. 7. Fruit-set was increased by 2,4-D 10ppm and BA 20ppm treatments but was decreased by treatments of Ethephon 10ppm and control. 8. By the BA 20ppm and 2,4-D 10ppm treatments, the rate of deformity fruit was decreased and fruit ripening date was also shortened.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.152-159
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate optimum application rate with mixed organic fertilizer for chemical fertilizer alternative where the paddy rice (Chucheong) was cultivated in clay loam of paddy field. The mixed organic fertilizer were applied at 0, 50, 100 and 150% levels of recommended nitrogen by soil testing plot compared with plot of chemical fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphate and potash), respectively. The ammonium nitrogen content in paddy soil and surface water of mixed organic fertilizer 100% plot were higher than chemical fertilizer plot. The absorbed amount of nitrogen and nitrogen use efficiency by rice plant in mixed organic fertilizer 100% plot were higher than chemical fertilizer plot. The number of tillers on rice at 30 days and 60 days after transplanting mixed organic fertilizer 100% plot were many more than chemical fertilizer plot. The milled rice yield of mixed organic fertilizer 100% plot was increased by 4% than chemical fertilizer plot. The optimum application rate of mixed organic fertilizer was as follows ; $OAR_{MOF}(Mg\;ha^{-1})=[(NAR_{ST}{\div}NC_{MOF}/1,000{\times}0.93)/1,000]$ ($OAR_{MOF}$ : Optimum application rate of mixed organic fertilizer, NARST : Nitrogen application rate($kg\;ha^{-1}$) by soil testing, $NC_{MOF}$ : Nitrogen content($g\;kg^{-1}$) of mixed organic fertilizer, and $0.93:124.3kg\;ha^{-1}/133.0kg\;ha^{-1}$, respectively).

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.1009-1016
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of organic fertilizers on soil properties and growth and quality of melon. Organic fertilizer was applied in soil at the rate of 0, 0.5, 1, 2N according to Rural Development Administration guideline in Korea. The fertilizer had no effects on plant growth-rate parameters, including plant height, leaf number, and leaf size. There were minor effects on the fruit quality parameters such as fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, placenta and seed weights, sugar content, and starch content. Ascorbic acid level was decreased as fertilizer level was increased. The level of nitrate in groundwater increased with increased levels of N.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.180-187
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• 2021

This study was performed to assess Protaetia brevitarsis larva excrement as an organic fertilizer for corn cultivation. Furthermore, the study investigated insect communities in each treatment. In 2009, the corn growth rate was worst in soil treated with P. brevitarsis larva excrement and in 2010, the corn growth rate was worst in untreated soil. From the outcome of the study, P. brevitarsis larva excrement could be utilized as organic fertilizer for corn cultivation.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.61-70
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• 2019

This study aimed to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of fish meal, bone meal, and sesame oil cake, which are readily available by-products from agriculture and fisheries, during the process of liquid fertilizer fermentation, and to examine the effects of liquid fertilizer application on seed germination and growth of tomatoes. During processing the fermentation for liquid fertilizers by using fish meal, bone meal, and sesame oil cake liquid fertilizers, the pH of the fertilizer increased in the order of bone meal > fish meal > sesame oil cake, and the concentration increased rapidly up to 30 days in all types of liquid fertilizer. The nitrogen content of the liquid fertilizers increased as fermentation progressed in the order of fish meal > bone meal > sesame oil cake. The phosphorus content increased as fermentation progressed and the highest was 1.0 % in the liquid fertilizer of sesame oil cake. The germination rate and its index of radish seeds were compared for different dilutions of each of the liquid fertilizers. Excluding the 10-fold dilution of the fish meal and oil cake liquid fertilizer, all the treatment groups showed a germination rate ≥ 95 % and the germination index tended to increase with dilution rate of liquid fertilizers. For responses of tomato growth, there were no significant differences among the liquid fertilizer treatment groups; however, the organic content, microbial density, and microbial biomass C in the soil were higher than chemical fertilizer treatment. These results demonstrated that there were differences in the characteristics of liquid fertilizers depending on the materials used, and that liquid fertilizer can be used for nutrition management for the organic crop cultivation.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.274-279
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• 1983

In order to find out the application effect of commercial organic fertilizer on the germination rate of ginseng seed, growth of ginseng plant and changes of the physicochemical properties of soils, a Miwon organic fertilizer, byproduct of amino acid fermentation, was applied to the ginseng nursery bed. The application rates of Miwon organic fertilizer were 0kg-N from organic fertilizer and 30kg-N from wild grass compost per 10a as control(namely 0kg-N/10a), 2.5kg-N and 27.5kg-N/ 10a(2.5kg-N/10a) 5.0kg-N and 25kg-N/10a(5.0kg-N/10a), 10kg-N and 20kg-N/10a(10kg-N/10a), 15kg-N and 15kg-N/10a(15kg-N/10a) respectively, The obtained results are as follows: 1. The germination rate of ginseng seed were better in the plots that received 2.5kg, 5.0kg and 10kg-N/10a as compared with control plot. However no difference was found on germination rate between control and 15kg-N/10a, 2. The higher rate of missing plant was found in the 15kg-N/10a plot that showed poor growth. However control and 10kg-N/10a plot showed similar rate of missing plant. The best result, lower rate of missing plant, was obtained in the order of 5kg-N and 2.5kg-N/10a respectively. 3. The significant heavier ginseng root weight was obtained in 5kg-N/10a and 10kg-N/10a plot. However the root weight was decreased in the order of 2.5kg-N/10a, control, 15kg-N/10a. 4. In the physicochemical changes of soils between control and organic fertilizer treated soil before and after harvesting the increment of pH, C.E.C. and organic matter content along with the rate of organic fertilizer application were found. There were significant correlation between nitrate nitrogen and the rate of organic fertilizer application. 5. In the view points of germination rate, missing rate of plant and yield of ginseng root, it can be stated that the best result could be obtained from the plot that received 10kg-N/10a from Miwon commercial organic fertilizer and 10kg-N/10a from wild grass compost.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.77-85
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• 2020

This study analyzes the effects of mixed fermented organic fertilizer on chinese cabbage growth and soil properties in order to investigate the nutritional effects of organic fertilizers, which are developed as an alternative fertilizer for imported castor oil cake. In this study, four treatments were set up: 100% and 200% rate of nitrogen application (320 kg ha-1 for Chinese cabbage) on mixed fermented organic fertilizer A(FA) and mixed fermented organic fertilizer B(FB), respectively, 100% rates of the mixed expeller cake (MEC) fertilizer, and the untreated control. Results revealed that the growth and yield of Chinese cabbage increased as more fermented organic fertilizer was used. However, while there were no significant differences in growth characteristics between treatments of 100% rate of mixed fermented organic fertilizer and 100% rate of MEC, the impacts on yields resulted similar. The nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of Chinese cabbage was measured a range of 20-31% depending on the response to treatment. The 100% FA showed the same as NUE and nitrogen absorption with 100% rate of MEC. Regarding soil properties after cultivation, there were no significant differences among the effects of fertilizers in pH, EC, soil organic matter, and available phosphate. However, the content of exchangeable cations(K, Ca, Mg) was higher in areas treated with mixed fermented organic fertilizer than in untreated areas. Furthermore, the bacterial population density in the soil was higher in areas treated with mixed fermented organic fertilizer than in untreated areas and increased as more mixed fermented organic fertilizer was used. There were no significant differences in the population density of actinomycetes and fungi when fertilizer was applied to the soil. These results also show that FA, as a alternative organic fertilizer for imported castor oil cake, has similar nutritional effects as that of MEC. Therefore, further research the appropriate amounts of fertilizer is required to achieve economical and eco-friendly nutrient management.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.240-245
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• 2014

This study was carried out to determine the possible use of volcano eruption sand at Merapi mountain area compared with clayey soil, alfisol as turfgrass growing media. Indonesia has abundant source of eruption sand and clayey soil. Native zoysiagrass (Z. matrella) was collected from Sleman district and seashore paspalum (P. vaginatum) from Solo region. The experimental plots were treated with both organic and inorganic fertilizers. Zoysiagrass and seashore paspalum can grow on the mixture of eruption volcano sand and alfisol soil. Fertilizers application increased turf color, surface coverage rate and recovery rate of turfgrass. While fertilizer treated alfisol have no effect on the length and dry weight of zoysiagrass root. Mixing of volcano eruption sand on growing media resulted in longer root length, higher shoot dry weight of zoysiagrass than in alfisol soil. Type of fertilizer affected the pH, soil organic matter, total N, available P, available K and electrical conductivity of sand and alfisol after cultivation. Similarly to zoysiagrass, the recovery of seashore paspalum was increased by application of fertilizer, even the inorganic fertilizer showed faster recovery than organic fertilizer. Surface coverage of seashore paspalum was faster than that of zoysiagrass with or without fertilizer.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.829-846
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• 2015

This study was conducted to determine the effects of organic fertilization rates on the nutrient accumulation and recovery in radish (Raphanus sativus L.) as well as growth and yield of radish in Jeju island. An understanding the relationships between organic fertilization rate, crop nutrient recovery and crop yield can assist in making organic fertilizer recommendation which balances crop value and environmental risk in organic cultivation. Nitrogen (T-N), phosphate ($P_2O_5$) and potassium ($K_2O$) were applied at 0, 115-35-40, 230-70-80 (standard application rate), 460-140-160, 230-200-100 (recommended application rate) and 158-53-35 kg/ha (customary application rate), respectively as the broadcast application of mixed organic fertilizer (N 4.5% - $P_2O_5$ 1.5% - $K_2O$ 1%) in combination with langbeinite ($K_2O$ 22%), 100% at sowing period. The organic fertilizer was made of organic materials like oil cakes. Total yield of radish, as fresh weight of roots, increased with increasing organic fertilizer doses to a maximum at rate of standard or soil-testing application. Nitrogen, phosphate and potassium accumulations of radish increased curvilinearly with increasing organic fertilization rate to a maximum at rate of N 460 - $P_2O_5$ 140 - $K_2O$ 160 kg/ha. However, nitrogen, phosphate and potassium use efficiency of applied organic fertilizer decreased curvilinearly or linearly with increasing organic fertilization rate. Application of organic fertilizer in combination with langbeinite (as a potassium source) had significant effect on the yield of radish. Organic fertilization on a basis of standard or soil-testing application rate is recommended for maximun radish yield in organic cultivation.