• Human Ecology Research
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.113-125
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• 2021

Previous research on the association between marriage and life satisfaction is limited due to the lack of attempts to investigate the time profiles of life satisfaction around marriage. This study addresses unresolved questions about the positive association between marriage and life satisfaction as well as tests if it is moderated by childhood parental divorce. Using 14 waves of the Korean Welfare Panel Study(N=3,890 individuals or 25,338 person-year observations), the author first used an ordinary least squares model with clustered standard errors and found that married people reported higher life satisfaction before marriage, compared to people who remained single during the survey. This result supports a social selection perspective. Next, the author used a fixed effects regression model and found that the transition into marriage was associated with an initial rise and subsequent decline in life satisfaction. Life satisfaction increased after reaching its lowest level in the third year of marriage. Life satisfaction after the transition into marriage was significantly higher than that observed three or more years prior to marriage. The result supports a social causation perspective. Such changing patterns were not moderated by parental divorce during childhood. This study advances the current literature on marriage and life satisfaction by using a nationally representative longitudinal data set as well as by testing social selection and causation perspectives.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.103-112
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• 2022

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding the link between tax avoidance (TA) and the readability of financial statements. This is a quantitative research using Ordinary Least Squares regression analysis which is then processed using STATA 14.0. A total of 278 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2017-2019 is the data of this study. In detecting TA in a company, this study uses the ETR and CashETR and for the measurement of financial statement readability, this study uses gunning fog index and length of the document. The findings of this study suggest that tax avoidance and clear financial statements are mutually exclusive in the sense that when tax avoidance is practiced, companies will tend to conceal the information conveyed by financial statements. In other words, it is concluded that the more a company engages in tax avoidance, the lower the readability of the company's financial statements. This study provides in-depth evidence that tax avoidance is indirectly related to the disclosure of information by the company. Users of financial statements will realize that the company seeks to make disclosures that are in their best interests to avoid their tax avoidance strategy being detected.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.24-31
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• 2021

Through 'The Renewable Energy 3020 Implementation Plan' for carbon neutrality, the government promised to raise the proportion of renewable energy generation to 20% and renewable energy installation capacity to 63.8% by 2030. Therefore, we plan to test a 5.5 MW offshore wind turbine near Maldo, Gunsan. In this project, we measure the level of public acceptance and perform ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analysis to show the determinants of public acceptance. The regression results are as followed. First, it is judged that the closer the distance to the offshore wind turbine, the more the economic effects considered by residents. Second, especially in Maldo, the experience of being discriminated from the Saemangeum project, is understood to have caused distrust in the surrounding fishing villages chief/Fisheries Cooperatives, converted into a local community effect. Finally, the policy implications are as follows. First, a bottom-up problem-solving method is required to improve public acceptance, based on the Living Lab. Second, the island community may be indifferent to the briefings or forums of outsiders. Therefore, a gradual approach is required through (in)formal channels based on reliability from a long-term perspective with nearby universities and research institutes using SamsØ Energy Academy.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.71-80
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• 2022

This study aims to investigate the effects of fair value valuation of biological assets and bearer plants measured at historical cost on the cost of third-party capital. The study contributes to the agricultural sector and the International Accounting Standard - IAS 41, which has been modified to remove the requirement to apply fair value for bearer plants, one of the primary biological assets with no active market. For this, 182 companies from 39 countries were studied in the years 2020 and 2021, with information taken from the Thomson Reuters Eikon platform. The methodology involves regression by the ordinary least squares method based on the model of Daly and Skaife (2016). The results show that the biological asset at fair value does not influence the cost of debt and that the measurement of bearer plants at historical cost has no effect on the cost of debt. Fair value did not change the perceived cost of debt of the analyzed companies in the studied period, contrary to Daly and Skaife (2016). Finally, the cost of third-party capital can be influenced by other aspects related to profit quality, which were not examined in this paper, such as profit management.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.231-242
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• 2023

Crowd funding faces a number of significant obstacles despite its rapid growth and popularity, with the main one being the possible asymmetric information between fundraisers and potential supporters. A study taxonomy based on signalling theory has been created to compare projects originating from Taiwan and India. This was made possible by obtaining a dataset from the crowd funding website, Kickstarter (Global platform). To make the project effective, the study's goal is to look into how signals (e.g., goal-setting, comments, and updates) might be used to reduce the problem of information asymmetry. Thus, we applied an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression. Both Taiwan and India demonstrated signal mitigation of information asymmetry, but Taiwan showed a stronger relationship between ambitious goals and successful projects than India. The relative importance of project comments has been found to be stronger in Taiwan than in India; the relative importance of project updates has been found to be weaker and negatively correlated with project success in India, in contrast to Taiwan. Notably, our findings provide a theoretical and practical framework for understanding and using signals in successful crowd funding campaigns and activities in these two emerging countries.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.80-91
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to contribute to strengthening the response of local governments to the emergence of new infectious diseases by identifying the urban characteristics affecting their spread. To this end, the urban characteristics influencing the spread of infectious diseases were identified from previous studies. Moreover, the variations in the impact of urban characteristics that affected the number of confirmed COVID-19 patients was spatially analyzed using geographically weighted regression (GWR). The analysis indicated that the explanatory power of the GWR was approximately 12.4% higher than that of the ordinary least squares method. Moreover, the explanatory power of the model in the northern regions, such as Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Gangwon, was particularly high, indicating that the urban characteristics affecting the spread of COVID-19 vary by region. The results of this study can be used as a basis for suggesting the formulation of customized policies reflecting the characteristics of each local government rather than a uniform spread reduction policy.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.195-202
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• 2022

This study investigates whether institutional investors increase or decrease the volatility of stock returns in the Thai stock market. For the purpose we used the data from SETSMART, a database provided by the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET). Our sample is a balanced panel data covering 3,160 firm-year observations from 316 nonfinancial firms listed on the SET from 2011 to 2020. We analyze the link between institutional holdings and the volatility of stock returns by the pooled Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) model, the fixed effects model, and the random-effects model. In particular, we regress the stock return volatility on institutional ownership while controlling for firm size, financial leverage, growth opportunities, and stock turnover and accounting for industry effects and year effects. Our results indicate institutional investors' positive and significant influence on the volatility of the stock returns. Additionally, we performed the dynamic Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) estimator to alleviate concerns of possible endogeneity. The result still shows a positive impact of institutional investors on the volatility in stock returns. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that an increase in the volatility of stock returns in the Thai stock market may stem from a higher proportion of equity held by the institutional investors.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.11-21
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• 2023

Purpose: This study examined the effect of situational, transformational, and transactional leadership on the firm survival of restaurants distribution in Thailand during the COVID-19 pandemic. Following the existing literature, situational, transformational, and transactional leadership are the origin of firm performance leading to firm survival. Therefore, situational, transformational, and transactional leadership were the critical factors in creating the firm implementation of restaurants distribution in Thailand. Research design, data, and methodology: The sample consisted of 400 restaurants in Thailand, and the statistical approach for data analysis was an ordinary least-squares regression. The study analyzed the response bias, validity, and reliability. Results: Significantly, these findings firmly revealed that situational, transformational, and transactional leadership primarily positively affected firm performance. However, the uncertain environmental conditions had a moderate impact, resulting in a negative correlation between the three leadership styles and the company's performance. Conclusions: Despite the COVID-19 situation in Thailand, the research findings show no significant positive correlation between the performance of restaurants distribution and their survival as a business due to the COVID-19 pandemic is rare for firms to endure and survive, including restaurants distribution in Thailand. In conclusion, we have presented practical and theoretical ideas and recommendations for future research.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.59-70
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• 2024

Objectives: This research analyzed and compared housing transaction prices and depression rates according to housing types before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Data on housing transaction prices and depression rates from 2018 to 2022 in 25 districts of Seoul, South Korea, were utilized. Dummy variables were employed to account for potential confounders influencing the relationship between the variables. Statistical analysis was conducted using R, and the relationship between depression rates and housing transaction prices was examined through Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and panel data regression analysis. Results: The results of OLS and one-way random effects models indicated a significant relationship between apartment (p<.05) and officetel (p<.001) transaction prices and depression. However, detached/semi-detached and row/townhouse transaction prices did not exhibit a significant relationship with depression. Conclusion: It was observed that as apartment and officetel transaction prices increased in Seoul before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, depression rates also increased. Considering that changes in housing prices by housing type in South Korea may impact the mental health of local residents, it is deemed necessary to consider healthy housing and housing prices as comprehensive determinants of mental health.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.321-328
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• 2009

In regression analysis, the ordinary least squares estimates of regression coefficients become poor, when the correlations among predictor variables are high. This phenomenon, which is called multicollinearity, causes serious problems in actual data analysis. To overcome this multicollinearity, many methods have been proposed. Ridge regression, shrinkage estimators and methods based on principal component analysis (PCA) such as principal component regression (PCR) and latent root regression (LRR). In the last decade, many statisticians discussed sensitivity analysis (SA) in ordinary multiple regression and same topic in PCR, LRR and logistic principal component regression (LPCR). In those methods PCA plays important role. Many statisticians discussed SA in PCA and related multivariate methods. We introduce the method of PCR and LRR. We also introduce the methods of SA in PCR and LRR, and discuss the properties of SA in PCR and LRR.