• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.19 no.37
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• pp.111-115
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• 1996

This study is to decide each level ordering policy for deterministic demand in multilevel distribution system. The ordering policy is used the combinations of EOQ and LTC. The combinations of EOQ and LTC are 4 cases. Case 1 : Regional Warehouse∼EOQ, Central Warehouse∼EOQ. Case 2 : Regional Warehouse∼EOQ, Central Warehouse∼LTC. Case 3 : Regional Warehouse∼LTC, Central Warehouse∼EOQ. Case4 : Regional Warehouse∼LTC, Central Warehouse∼LTC. The criterion is to minimize total cost per year.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.19-27
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• 2011

This study investigates impact of smoothed replenishment ordering policy on the performance measures such as lead time, order fulfillment ratio, and inventory cost. We consider a two-echelon supply chain: a single retailer orders using smoothed order up to replenishment policy and a manufacturer produces the retailer's orders on a make to order basis. Simulation result confirms that lead time from the manufacturer can be reduced by smoothed ordering policy as expected. However, smoothing orders may deteriorate the customer order fulfillment ratio and inventory cost in a retailer. We also observe that variance of manufacturing time contributes more than mean of manufacturing time to both order fulfillment ratio and inventory cost. Therefore, variability of upstream manufacturing time should be minimized.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.3-12
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• 1982

Three types of repair-ordering polices for the production facility with r-out-of-n configuration are considered. Policies are characterized by states of the system and two types of lead times ; regular lead time and expedited lead time. Optimum repair-ordering policy is determined by minimizing the cost rate for the system. Optimum policy consists of the type of policies and repair-ordering time. Variations of the optimum policies are observed with respect to variations of lead times and associated ordering costs and downtime cost, respectively.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.29-36
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to suggest a proper improvement direction of the public ordering and receiving system in related with e-Learning. The research methods for this paper are derived from survey about e-Learning companies and the written materials of the present public e-Learning project. According to the study, in most cases, the public e-Learning projects don't affect positively e-Learning company's businesses. It indicates that the public e-Learning project has three problems or improvement items. And as a solution to the problems, it presented the policy alternatives the policy alternatives as the concept of ordering and receiving system.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.17 no.31
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• pp.59-72
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• 1994

This paper deals with ordering policies of consumable goods which have large demand rates in a multi-level distribution system. The system we are concerned consists of one Central Distribution Center(CDC) and N non-identical Regional Distribution Centers(RDCs) which have different demand rates, minimum fillrates, leadtimes, etc. The customer demand on the RDC is stationary poisson and the RDCs demand on the CDC is superposition of Q-stage Erlang distributions. We approximate the RDCs and CDC demand distribution to nomal in order to enhance the efficiency of algorithm. The relevant costs include a fixed ordering cost and inventory holding cost, and backorder cost. The objective is to find a continuous-review ordering policy that minimizes the expected average costs under constraints of minimum fill rates of RDCs and maximum allowable mean delay of CDC. We developed an algorithm for determining the optimal ordering policies of the CDC and the RDCs. We verified and compared the performance of the algorithm through the simulation using the algorithm result as the input parameters.

• IE interfaces
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.354-364
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• 2008

This paper deals with a design problem of simulation for MIME (multi indenture and multi echelon) with lateral transshipment. Especially, we consider lateral transshipments in case that (S-1, S) ordering policy is used in multi echelon repair system. Some rules for ordering spare parts in lateral transshipments between the lowest-level units are studied and are implemented by an activity diagram in object-oriented method. By numerical examples, we compare regular (S-1, S) ordering policy and (S-1, S) policy with lateral transshipment.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.145-157
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• 2005

There are a lot of raw materials, work-in-processes and finished goods in manufacturing industry. Here, the less stock of materials and work-in-processes manufacturing industry has, the worse the rate of the production is. Inversely, the more manufacturing industry has, the more expensive the cost to support them is. Thus, it is important for us to balance them efficiently. In general, inventory problems are to decide appropriate times to produce goods and to determine appropriate quantities of goods. Therefore, inventory problems require as more useful information as possible. For example, there are demand, lead time, ordering point and so on. In this paper, we deal with an optimal ordering policy on both way substitutable two-commodity inventory control system. That is, there is a problem of how to allocate the produced two kinds of goods in a factory to m areas so as to minimize the total expected inventory cost. The demand of each area is probabilistic, and we adopt the exponential distribution as a probability density function of demand. Moreover, we provide numerical examples of the problem.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.313-327
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• 1995

This paper deals with ordering policies for a multi-echelon distribution system. The system we are concerned consists of one Central Distribution Center(CDC) and N nonidentical Regional Distribution Centers(RDCs) which have different demand rates, minimum filtrates, leadtimes, etc. We develop an algorithm for determining the optimal ordering policies of the CDC and the RDCs under the constraints of minimum filtrates of RDCs and maximum allowable delay of CDC.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.49-64
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• 2000

A vendor supplies a product to a sole/major buyer on a lot-for-lot basis under deterministic inventory control conditions. The basic premise is that the setup cost reduction technologies are available to both the buyer and the vendor, and that the vendor's inventory and setup reduction investment costs differ from the buyer's. Therefore, an individually designed ordering and setup cost reduction policy will likely cause mismatches between the vendor's and the buyer's optimal cycle times. For this situation, we show that a joint optimal setup cost reduction and ordering policy, together with an appropriate side payment(quantity discount or premium price) schedule, can be designed in a spirit in a spirit of coordination to eliminate mismatches in individual optimal cycle times.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2015

The purpose of this paper is to reveal two problems in the existing inventory systems in retail market, and to suggest a Two-Bin System under Automatic Ordering System considering only base-stock. Large retailers already have a sophisticated inventory system based on an automatic ordering principle. However, why does the out-of-stock (OOS) happen in large discount stores in spite of having a good inventory system? This paper suggests two systems after finding the root causes concerning the previous question. For evaluating the performance of each system, the random 200 data set in each sample group was generated from MINITAB 16 and obeyed the Poisson distribution. The existing inventory system in retail market cannot help generating OOS due to indwelling contradiction in itself. The reasons are the ordering deadline and the relationship between ordering quantity and base stock. This paper also demonstrates that these previous studies on inventory fall into the closed loop. Also the paper shows that the performance of the replenishment policy was better than traditional methods dealing with ordering quantity and base stock.