• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2002.04b
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• pp.61-64
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• 2002

A novel ceramic synthesis technique, combustion synthesis, is explored to produce a orange-emitting $SnO_{2}:Eu^{3+}$ phosphors. This technique involves a reaction of metal salts with a citric acid as an organic fuel. The variation of the ratio of citric acid to metal introduces change in reaction temperature and atmosphere of the combustion reaction, which in turn influences crystallinity and luminescence properties of the final products seriously. And, the heat treatment of the as-synthesized product increases its luminescence intensity. Especially, the samples treated at above $1100^{\circ}C$ show a orange-emission peak, which is attributed to the formation of single phase and well-crystallized $SnO_{2}:Eu$ oxides in the rutile structure

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.165-172
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• 2014

Novel super hydrophobic orange dyes having maximum absorption band at 450-500nm were synthesized to dye polyolefin fibers such as polypropylene and ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, using 4-alkylanilines and ${\beta}$-naphthol. Their absorption spectra at visible range showed almost the same, which meant that the alkyl substituents introduced to chromophore did not affect on color appearance of the dyes. Considering both color strength and wash fastness, the decyl-substituted dye was determined as the optimum one practically. From the dyeing results at various conditions, the optimum dyeing was $130^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour with 5% owf of dyes. The good fastness ratings to washing, rubbing were obtained showing 4-5 for both fibers. Light fastness was also acceptable giving rating 3-4 for polypropylene fibers and rating 3 for ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fibers.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 1995.05a
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• pp.60-68
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• 1995

This work wes performed to investigate the photocatalytic decolorization of waste water from textile industries. Methyl orange was used as a target dye with suspended Hombikat TiO$_2$ photocatalyst with a recirculating annular photoreactor. 1 wt % Pt-doped Hombikat thin film tubular reactor with parabolic reflector also wes usedin this experiment. The pH effect and flow rate effect on photobleaching of 0.012 g/l methyl orange solution, AtpH=3 Colour of methyl orange was completely bleached in 30 min with a 20 W UV lamp.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.249-256
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• 2017

The Monascus azaphilone (MAz) pigment is a well-known food colorant that has yellow, orange and red components. The structures of the yellow and orange MAz differ by two hydride reductions, with yellow MAz being the reduced form. Orange MAz can be non-enzymatically converted to red MAz in the presence of amine derivatives. It was previously demonstrated that mppE and mppG are involved in the biosynthesis of yellow and orange MAz, respectively. However, ${\Delta}mppE$ and ${\Delta}mppG$ knockout mutants maintained residual production of yellow and orange MAz, respectively. In this study, we deleted the region encompassing mppD, mppE and mppG in M. purpureus and compared the phenotype of the resulting mutant (${\Delta}mppDEG$) with that of an mppD knockout mutant (${\Delta}mppD$). It was previously reported that the ${\Delta}mppD$ strain retained the ability to produce MAz but at approximately 10% of the level observed in the wildtype strain. A chemical analysis demonstrated that the ${\Delta}mppDEG$ strain was still capable of producing both yellow and orange MAz, suggesting the presence of minor MAz route(s) not involving mppE or mppG. Unexpectedly, the ${\Delta}mppDEG$ strain was observed to accumulate fast-eluting pigments in a reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. A LC-MS analysis identified these pigments as ethanolamine derivatives of red MAz, which had been previously identified in an mppE knockout mutant that produces high amounts of orange MAz. Although the underlying mechanism is largely unknown, this study has yielded an M. purpureus strain that selectively accumulates red MAz.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.273-278
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• 2006

In order to help the preservation of the cherry tomato and unshiu orange, antimicrobial paper incorporating grapefruit seed extract and zeolite was applied to the package. Cherry tomato and unshiu orange were packed in a box (38x25x20 cm) attached with antimicrobial paper and then stored respectively at $5^{\circ}C$. During the storage, weight loss, pH total acidity, soluble solid content microbial load and decay ratio were measured as quality indices. pH increase in cherry tomato was observed until 20 days, and decreased with litle difference between the packaging treatments thereafter pH and total acidity decrease in unshiu orange were shown till 30 days, and abrupt change was revealed by 40 days. This was due to physiological disorders. The microbial loads of total aerobic bacteria, and yeast/mold count were suppressed during storage by the box packaging incorporated with antimicrobial agents, which also contributed to reducing the decayed cherry tomato and unshiu orange. Antimicrobial paper was useful fur the reduction of microbial load in cherry tomato and unshiu orange pear without other quality deterioration.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.542-548
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• 2017

Two different races of Botryris cinerea were selected by the response of plant leaves to the pathogen infection. Based on lesion size of the pathogen on the leaves, turnip showed susceptible response to 'Grape-01' race, and resistant to 'Orange' race. Turnip leaves infected with resistant pathogen race, "Orange", showed significantly higher content of indole-3-ylmethyl glucosinolate (I3M) than those infected with susceptible race, 'Grape-01'. Contents of I3M in the leaves with resistant 'Orange' race was 2.5 times as high as that in uninfected leaves, whereas I3M in the leaves infected with susceptible 'Grape-01' race showed lower content than in untreated leaves. Growth of turnip suspension cells was significantly inhibited by the treatment of MeOH extract or water extract of 'Orange' race as compared with the treatment of susceptible race, 'Grape-01'. Treatment of MeOH or water extract from 'Orange' race to turnip suspension cells, strongly inhibited cell viability up to 22.7% or 16.5%, respectively. However, plant cells treated with MeOH or water extract from resistant race, 'Orange' showed higher I3M content than that from susceptible race, 'Grape-01'. These results suggest that accumulation and degradation of I3M glucosinolate in turnip cells closely related to the resistance and susceptibility of turnip cells to Botrytis cinerea.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.25-28
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• 1971

To research were procedure condition of cellulase and remove effect of endocarp of mandarine orange from the result obtained it could be summarize as follow. 1. Optimal conditions affecting the production of cellulolytic enzyme of Aspergillus saitoi are followings: optimal temperature $30^{\circ}C$ and optimal culture period 3days. 2. When mandarine orange was soaked in 10 fold diluent of enzyme(diluent of enzyme: mandarine orange=2 : 1) and reacted under $40^{\circ}C$ for 3.5-4hrs, it was most effective and available to the remove of endocarp, flavour, and lustre important to the canning process of mandarine orange syrup.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.80-88
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• 2001

Objectives : In an epidemiologic study on the health impact of Agent Orange exposure, the valid estimation of exposure level is the most important step. Based on recent studies, we examined the correlation between exposure levels categorized by personal exposure estimates and serum 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD, Dioxin), exploring the possibility of utilizing the exposure level as a surrogate for the estimate of exposure to agent orange. Methods : During the study period (Jan 1996-Feb 1996), blood specimens of 745 subjects taken randomly among 1,329 persons and kept frozen, were analyzed for 2,3,7,8-TCDO and six other dioxin congeners. The serum dioxin and congeners were measured in 1998 by CDC, adjusted for serum lipids. We categorized the total exposure scores into five groups based on Agent Orange exposure data collected by interview and military records. Pearson and Spearman's correlation coefficients & multiple regression analysis were used to identify the relationship of the exposure level categorized with serum concentration of 2,3,7,8-TCDD, and six other dioxin congeners. Results : Dioxin and the other congeners, except 1,2,4,6,7,8-HpCDD, showed significant correlations to exposure categories (p<0.005): 2,3,7,8-TCDD and OCDD showed positive correlations, whereas the other congeners did negative. The values of 2,3,7,8-TCDD differed according to exposure category and proportionally increased from the low exposure group to the high, a dose-response relationship, even after other possible confounding variables were adjusted for. In multiple regression analysis, age$(\beta=0.033)$, dioxin$(\beta=0.433)$, 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD$(\beta=-0.998)$, 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD$(\beta=-0.773)$, 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD$(\beta=0.255)$, 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD$(\beta=-3.468)$, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD$(\beta=0.109)$ we re found to be significantly related to the total exposure score(p<0.005). Conclusion : This study demonstrated that the use of such categorizations as a surrogate measure of agent orange exposure in identifying exposure degrees in a health impact study is valid.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.51-65
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• 1968

The site of the synthesis of Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV) in the actinomycin-treated and infecter PS Y15 cells(a porcine kidney stable cell line) was observed by the immunofluorescent antibody technique, acridine orange staining, and the autoradiographic analysis. In the parallel studies by immunofluorescent technique and acridine orange staining it the infected cells, Viral protein(as an antigen) and viral RNA were detected at the same site of cytoplasm. In the autoradiographic analysis, the cytoplasmic labeling of $^3H$-uridine was due to the synthesis of JEV-RNA, while the nucleolus and nucleus were not involved. In the autoradiographic studies on the secton of infected cells, the $^3H$-uridine was frequently incorporated around the cytoplasmic vacuoles. This localization of labeling agreed with the site of acridine orange positive granules. The results suggest that the syntheses of the viral RNA and viral protein occurred in the similar site of cytoplasm of the infected cells, and also the virus particles seem to be assembled in the sites of the viral RNA and protein syntheses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.761-770
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum amount of four ingredients (spirulina, sugar, lemon and orange) for the preparation of spirulina madeleine using response surface methodology. Spirulina was added at a level of 3.5-6.0 g, sugar powder, at 40-60 g, while lemon and orange peel were included at a level of 0-8 g. The optimum mixing rates of spirulina powder, sugar powder, lemon and orange were 3.5, 40, 0, and 8 g for overall quality and 3.52, 54.42, 0, and 8 g for maximum score of overall organoleptic quality, respectively.