• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.100-108
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• 2021

구강에는 700여 종의 미생물이 부유성 세균(planktonic cells)으로 있거나 치아 표면에 부착하여 바이오필름(biofilms)을 형성하고 있으며 구강 바이오필름(oral biofilms)과 관련된 대표적인 구강질환에는 치아우식증과 치주질환이 있다. 구강 세균은 타액의 흐름, 숙주의 항균 단백질, 영양소의 가용성 및 pH 변화, 항생제, 방부제 등의 영향을 받고 있지만 바이오필름이 형성되면 바이오필름은 물리적으로 두꺼운 층을 이루고 있기 때문에 구강 세균은 이와 같은 구강 내부의 환경적 스트레스에 저항할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 외부 물질의 침투가 어렵고 바이오필름 내 세포간 상호작용을 통해 유전자 변이가 일어나기 때문에 부유성 세균보다 항생제에 대한 저항성이 1,000배 정도 높다. 따라서 구강 세균의 바이오필름 형성을 억제하거나 제거하면 보다 효과적으로 세균 감염에 의한 구강질환을 예방하거나 치료할 수 있을 것이다. 특히 구강 바이오필름은 여러 세균이 모여서 바이오필름을 형성하는 특징을 가지고 있기 때문에 세포간 신호전달체계인 정족수 감지(quorum sensing)는 구강 바이오필름을 제어할 수 있는 목표점이 될 수 있다. 이외에도 구강세균의 알칼리 생성 기질인 아르기닌을 이용하여 구강 미생물의 분포를 건강한 치아와 유사한 환경으로 전환하거나 S. mutans의 glucosyltransferase 분비를 억제하여 비수용성의 글루칸 형성을 억제함으로써 바이오필름 형성을 억제하는 방법도 구강 바이오필름을 제어할 수 있는 목표점이 될 수 있다. 이처럼 구강 내 병원성 세균의 사멸을 유도하기 보다는 구강 세균의 바이오필름 형성을 억제하거나 제거하는 방법은 치아우식증을 비롯한 구강질환을 선택적으로 예방하거나 치료할 수 있는 새로운 전략이 될 것이다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2019

이 연구는 HPV 16 E6/E7 도입 불멸화 구강상피세포의 배양 미세환경과 세포 분화간의 관계를 분석하였다. 배양환경을 변화시켜서 IHOK-EF 세포와 IHOK-EFKGM 세포를 얻었고, 이들 세포의 특성변화를 세포증식분석, 면역형광분석 및 마이크로어레이와 실시간 정량 PCR분석으로 알아보았다. IHOK-EF 세포는 상피세포의 특성을 상실하고 간엽세포의 특성을 획득하였고, 마이크로어레이 분석결과, 분화억제 유전자인 ID2, IL6, TWIST1이 과발현 되었다. 이러한 변화는 초기의 배양환경으로 회복되었을 때, 특별히, ID2와 IL6에서 유전자발현의 복귀를 나타내면서 세포의 특성이 부분적으로 회복되었다. 이 연구는 세포의 특성을 결정하는 연구에서 배양 미세환경의 변화에 따른 세포의 생존을 위한 적응양상을 이해하는데 공헌할 것이며, 향후, 암세포의 미세환경변화에 따른 생존연구에 적용하여 질병에 대한 치료적 접근을 가능하게 할 것이다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권16호
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• pp.6755-6760
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• 2014

Background: Oral cancer is a common form of cancer in India, particularly among men. About 95% are squamous cell carcinomas. Tobacco along with alcohol are regarded as the major risk factors. Objectives: (i) To determine associations of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with respect to gender, age group, socioeconomic status and risk habits; (ii) To observe the distribution of affected oral anatomical sites and clinico-pathological profile in OSCC patients. Materials and Methods: This is an unmatched case-control study during period January 2012 to December 2013. Total of 471 confirmed OSCC patients and 556 control subjects were enrolled. Data on socio-demography, risk habits with duration and medical history were recorded. Results: There were significant associations between OSCC with middle age (41-50years; unadjusted OR=1.63, 95%CI=1.05-2.52, p=0.02) (51-60 years; unadjusted OR=1.79, 95%CI=1.15-2.79, p=0.009) and male subjects (unadjusted OR=2.49, 95%CI=1.89-3.27, p=0.0001). Cases with both habits of tobacco chewing and smoking were at a higher risk for OSCC than tobacco chewing alone (unadjusted OR=0.52, 95%CI=0.38-0.72, p=0.0001), duration of risk habits also emerged as a responsible factor for the development of carcinoma. The majority of patients were presented in well-differentiated carcinomas (39.9%). Prevalence of advance stages (TNM stage III, IV) was 23.4% and 18.3% respectively. The buccal mucosa was the most common (35.5%) affected oral site. Conclusions: In most Asian countries, especially India, there is an important need to initiate the national level public awareness programs to control and prevent oral cancer by screening for early diagnosis and support a tobacco free environment.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.38-44
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• 2011

The aim of this study is to evaluate the patient's and clinician's response to rapid oral HIV screening test. Attitude assessment survey was carried out on patients test with rapid oral HIV screening test and clinicians who conducted the test. The patients and clinicians were present at the dental hospital and clinics which were participating in the research project, between March and May 2010. Rapid oral HIV screening test is safe and efficient to the patients. It also demonstrated reliability to accuracy and confidentiality, and high recommendation to rapid oral HIV screening test. The clinician survey revealed high test convenience and high appraisal to patient satisfaction. In conclusion, if rapid oral HIV screening test becomes more common, patients will receive safe and convenient and high reliable HIV infection test, while clinicians will be able to create safe dental care environment.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.379-389
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• 2016

Purpose: A longitudinal study was conducted to explore flora colonization and oral glucose high-risk newborns during the first 7 days after birth. Methods: Oral secretions of hospitalized newborns were obtained for microbial cultures and glucose test at days 1-7 after birth. Results: Among the total 112 newborns, 40% were girls and 73% were premature. Mean gestational age was $34.4{\pm}3.2$ weeks and weight was $2,266{\pm}697.5$ grams. The most common flora included Streptococcus (28.2%), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, 10.9%), Staphylococcus (6.0%) and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus (CNS, 4.0%). The average oral glucose level was $29.2{\pm}23.0mg/dL{\sim}58.2{\pm}39.5mg/dL$. Newborns with higher oral glucose than serum (crude odds ratio [ORc] =1.75; 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.03-2.97), phototherapy (ORc=3.30; 95% CI=2.29-4.76) and prone position (ORc= 2.04; 95% CI=1.13-3.69) were more likely to be colonized. Having oral tubes (ORc=0.42; 95% CI=0.29-0.59), parental nutrition (ORc=0.21; 95% CI=0.13-0.32) and antibiotics (ORc=0.51; 95% CI=0.36-0.73) had protective effects. For oral glucose statistical significances existed on time effect among newborns with Streptococcus (F=9.78, p=.024), MRSA (F=7.60, p=.037) or CNS (F=11.15, p=.019) and interaction between time and colonization among newborns with all of four flora (F=2.73, p=.029) or colonization with only Staphylococcus (F=2.91, p=.034). Conclusion: High-risk newborns develop flora colonization at an early period of life. Their clinical features were associated with types and time of oral flora colonization. They need close monitoring and multifaceted intervention to improve oral environment and infection control.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.195-203
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• 2012

Dental implants using titanium have greatly advanced through the improvement of designs and surface treatments. Nonetheless, the anatomical limits and physiological changes of the patient are still regarded as obstacles in increasing the success rate of implants further, even with the enhancement of implant products. So there have been many efforts to overcome these limits. The intrinsic potential for bone regeneration can be stimulated through adjuvant treatments with the continuous improvement of implant properties, and this can play an important role in achieving optimum osseointegration toward peripheral bone tissue and securing ultimate long-term implant stability in standard surgical procedures. For this purpose, various chemical, biological, or biophysical measures were developed such as bone grafts, materials, pharmacological agents, growth factors, and bone formation proteins. The biophysical stimulation of bone union includes non-invasive and safe methods. In the beginning, it was developed as a method to enhance the healing of fractures, but later evolved into Pulsed Electromagnetic Field, Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound, and Low-Level Laser Therapy. Their beneficial effects were confirmed in many studies. This study sought to examine bone-implant union and its latest trend as well as the biophysical stimulation method to enhance the union. In particular, this study suggested the enhancement of the function of cells and tissues under a disadvantageous bone metabolism environment through such adjunctive stimulation. This study is expected to serve as a treatment guideline for implant-bone union under unfavorable circumstances caused by systemic diseases hampering bone metabolism or the host environment.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.4989-4995
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• 2013

본 연구는 한국 노인의 인구사회적인 특성과 구강보건행위가 구강건강상태에 미치는 요인을 조사함으로써 향후 노인대상의 구강건강사업에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 본 연구자료는 2010년 1월부터 12월까지 질병관리본부에서 시행한 '국민건강영양조사 제5기 1차년도(2010) 자료'를 활용 구강검사 까지 완료한 65세 이상 노인 1419명중 검사가 미흡한 노인 707명을 제외한 712명을 최종 연구대상으로 하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 19.0 프로그램을 이용하여 전산통계 처리하였으며, 분석방법은 빈도분석, 다중회귀분석을 이용하였다. 잔존치아 수에 미치는 요인은 성별이 남성일수록, 나이가 적을수록, 거주지가 동일수록, 교육수준이 높을수록, 흡연량이 적을수록, 구강건강용품 사용이 많을수록 높게 나타났고, DMFT 지수에 영향을 미치는 요인은 나이가 적을수록, 소득이 낮을수록, 교육수준이 높을수록 DMFT 지수가 낮게 나타났고, CPI 지수에 영향을 미치는 요인은 성별이 남성일수록, 나이가 적을수록, 거주지가 동일수록, 흡연량이 적을수록, 구강건강용품 사용이 많을수록 CPI지수가 낮게 나타났고, FS-T 지수에 영향을 미치는 요인은 성별이 여성일수록, 소득이 높을수록, 잇솔질 횟수가 많을수록 FS-T 지수가 높은 것으로 나타났고, T-Health 지수에 영향을 미치는 요인은 성별이 남성일수록, 나이가 적을수록, 거주지가 동일수록, 흡연량이 적을수록, 구강건강용품 사용이 많을수록 T-Health 지수가 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 구강보건행위는 구강보건지수에 영향을 미치고 있음을 알 수 있었고, 향후 노인의 구강건강을 증진시키기 위해서는 체계적인 구강건강교육과 국가적 지원이 필요하다고 사료된다.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2018

Objectives: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) is a national surveillance system that has been assessing the health and nutritional status of Koreans since 1998. Based on the National Health Promotion Act, the surveys have been conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC). Methods: An oral examination as part of The National Health and Nutrition Examination was proposed to calculate the sample design and survey participation. The surveying system was presented by classifying the measurement environment, screening, and survey items by year, and the merits and limitations of using the data were suggested by examining the status of survey quality management and the process of disclosing raw data. Results: This nationally representative cross-sectional survey samples approximately 10,000 individuals each year and collects information on oral examinations and oral health interviews. Data for the oral health component of KNHANES was obtained to assess the oral health status of Koreans and determine the prevalence of dental caries and periodontitis. The oral health data quality control of KNHANES was composed of three parts: "Education Program" and "Field Training Program" for quality control of oral health examiners (dentists) by the professional academy, and "Data management" by the KCDC. After completion of the three-step data check, the indicators of dental caries, periodontal disease, and oral health behavior were published in the National Health Statistics. Conclusions: To achieve the goals of oral health indicators, we will continue to monitor so that we can use it as basic data for oral policies and carry out various linkage analyses related to oral diseases.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.243-251
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• 2000

In order to provide a basis for studying the molecular mechanism of pharmacological action of local anesthetics and to develop a fluorescence spectroscopic method which can detect the microviscosity of native and model membranes using intramolecular excimerization of 1,3-di(l-pyrenyl)propane (Py-3-Py), we examined the effect of lidocaine HCl on the microviscosity of model membranes of phosphatidylcholine fraction extracted from synaptosomal plasma membrane vesicles (SPMVPC). The excimer to monomer fluorescence intensity ratio (I'/I) of Py-3-Py in liquid paraffin was a simple linear function of $T/{\eta}.$ Based on this calibration curve, the microviscosity values of the direct probe environment in SPMVPC model membranes ranged from $234.97{\pm}48.85$ cP at $4^{\circ}C$ to %19.21{\pm}1.11$ cP at $45^{\circ}C.$ At $37^{\circ}C,$ a value of $27.25{\pm}0.44$ cP was obtained. The lidocaine HCl decreased the microviscosity of SPMVPC model membranes in a concentration-dependent manner, with a significant decrease in microviscosity value by injecting the local anesthetic even at the concentration of 0.5 mM. These results indicate that the direct environment of Py-3-Py in the SPMVPC model membranes is significantly fluidized by the lidocaine HCl. Also, the present study explicitly shows that an interaction between local anesthetics and membrane lipids is of importance in the molecular mechanism of pharmacological action of lidocaine HCl.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.125-136
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• 2007

Periodontal regenerative therapy and tissue engineering on defects destructed by severe periodontitis need maintaining of space, which provides the environment for cell migration, proliferation and differentiation. Application of bone grafts may offer this environment in periodontal defects. This study evaluated bone graft materials, $MBCP^{(R)}$ and $Algipore^{(R)}$ , in surgically created i-wall periodontal intrabony defects of minipigs by histological analysis. Critical sized($4mm{\times}4mm$), one wall periodontal intrabony defects were surgically produced at the proximal aspect of mandibular premolars in either right and left jaw quadrants in four minipigs. The control group was treated with debridement alone, and experimental group was treated with debridement and $MBCP^{(R)}$ and $Algipore^{(R)}$ application. The healing processes were histologically observed after 8 weeks and the results were as follows. 1. In the control group, limited new bone formation was observed. 2. In MBCP group, more new bone formation was observed compared to other groups. 3. Histologically, dispersed mixture of new bone, biomaterial particles and connective tissue were shown and osteoblasts, osteoclasts and new vessels were present in this area. 4. Defects with Algipore showed limited new bone formation and biomaterial particles capsulated by connective tissue. 5. Histologically, lots of osteoclasts were observed around the biomaterial but relatively small numbers of osteblasts were shown. Within the limitation to this study protocol, $MBCP^{(R)}$ application in 1-wall intrabony defect enhanced new bone formation rather than $Algipore^{(R)}$ application.