• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.103-115
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• 1999

The ultimate goal of periodontal therapy is the regeneration of periodontal tissue which has been lost due to destructive periodontal disease. Various periodontal procedures have been used throughout the years in an attempt to reestablish attachment of periodontal tissues to root surfaces affected by periodontitis. Flap debridement surgery has been demonstrated to be a successful procedure in gaining the probing attachment level and reducing probing depth. A tendency towards impaired wound healing following periodontal procedures in smokers has been clinically documented. But, previous clinical studies on healing response in smokers are based on a retrospective design. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcome following flap debridement surgery in smokers compared to nonsmokers. 25 patients with moderate to advanced periodontitis were included for study. Among these patients, 13 patients were smokers, and 12 patients were nonsmokers. Mucoperiosteal flap was raised with the sulcular incision. No antibiotic treatment was administered postsurgery. The patients was recalled at monthly intervals during a period of 6 months following the surgery. The patients were received supragingival scaling and oral hygiene reinforcement. All the recordings, including modified O' Leary plaque control record, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, probing attachment level,were recorded, presurgery and 6 months postsurgery. The changes of all the recordings at 6 months after flap debridement surgery revealed the following results: 1. PI on all the dentitions and surgical sites showed no statistical significance between smokers and nonsmokers at presurgery. But, smokers demonstrated a significantly lower % of PI than nonsmokers at 6 months postsurgery. 2. Smokers demonstrated a greater % of BOP sites than nonsmokers on the surgical sites and all the dentitions, presurgery and 6 months postsurgery. But, there was no statistical significance between two groups. 3. Smokers exhibited significantly less reduction of probing depth in the 3 mm or less probing pocket depth(PPD) group, 6mm or more PPD group and total PPD group when compared to nonsmokers at 6 months postsurgery. 4. Smokers exhibited significantly less gain of probing attachment level(PAL) in the 3mm or less PPD group, 6 mm or more PPD group and total PPD group when compared to nonsmokers at 6 months postsurgery.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.371-387
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• 1999

The present study was performed to assess and compare the clinical and microbiological effects following local application of 2% minocycline gel or 0.1% chlorhexidine subgingival irrigation to augment scaling and root planing in patients with moderate to advanced chronic adult periodontitis. 32 healthy patients with moderate to advanced chronic adult periodontitis were enrolled in the study. In each patient, the quadrants that had 2 or more teeth with $5{\sim}8mm$ probing pocket depth and radiographic evidence of alveolar bone loss were selected and divided into test side and control side according to the split-mouth design. All patients received standardized oral hygiene instructions at the beginning of the study and all remaining teeth received scaling and root planing until 0 week. The 2% minocycline gel was applied to periodontal pocket at 0, 1, 2, 3 week in the test side. The 0.1% chlorhexidine solution and the normal saline were irrigated subgingivally for about 30 seconds in the positive control side and negative control side respectively. The clinical and microbiological analysis carried out at 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks . The results of this study were as follows; 1. In saline irrigation group, there was no adjunctive effects in probing pocket depth reduction, sulcular bleeding index and no significant changes in relative proportions of subgingival bacteria. 2. The chlorhexidine irrigation as an adjunct to scaling and root planing results in reduction in the plaque index and sulcular bleeding index, but there was not statistically significant. The relative proportion of spirochetes was significantly reduced, but the proportion of motile rods was no significant reduction. 3. The minocycline gel delivered subgingivally as an adjunct to scaling and root planing provide significant benefit in reducing probing depths and sulcular bleeding index compared to saline and chlorhexidine irrigation groups. 4. The relative proportions of spirochetes and motile rods were significantly reduced and the proportions of cocci and non-motile bacteria were correspondingly increased in the minocycline gel group. In conclusion, minocycline gel delivered subgingivally as an adjunct to scaling and root planing induces clinical and microbial responses more favorable for periodontal health than saline and chlorhexidine subgingival irrigation.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.631-646
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to access the clinical effects of C31G, Listerine and CPC on the earlyx periodontitis when they were used as a adjunctives to the mechanical plaque control. Each groups were composed of 12 patients and in three test groups, C31G(Exp 1 group), Listerine(Exp 2 group) and CPC mouthrinse(Exp 3 group) were used three times a day. and as a control, placebo solution was used. Plaque index, gingival index, bleeding index, pocket depth and loss of attachment were measured as clinical parameters. After scaling and oral hygiene instruction, root planing is done two weeks later. During the eight weeks of experimental period, mouth gargling is done by all groups. The changes in the clinical parameters of the all sites were monitored every two weeks. The results were as follows : 1. The plaque index showed a siginificant difference in Exp 1 group compared with test 2 group after 2 weeks use of mouth rinse(P<0.05). 2. The gingival index showed a significant difference in Exp 1 group compared with baseline value(P<0.05) but there was no significant difference between the groups after 2 weeks use of mouthrinse (P<0.05). 3. The plaque index, gingival index and bleeding index showed a significant difference in all groups compared with baseline value after 4 weeks of root planing and mouthrinse use(P<0.05). but there was no significant difference between the groups(P<0.05). 4. Periodontal pocket depth showed a significant difference in all groups compared with baseline value after 4 weeks of root planing and mouthrinse use(P<0.05). and there was significant difference between the Exp 1 group and control group(P<0.05). 5. Loss of attachment showed a significant difference in all Exp groups compared with baseline value after 4 weeks of root planing and mouthrinse use(P<0.05). and there was significant difference between the Exp 1 group and control group(P<0.05). The results suggest that C31G, Listerine and CPC were effective for early periodontitis as a adjunctive to mechanical plaqe control.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.531-545
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• 1998

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological effects of scaling and root planing combined with local application of 2% minocycline gel to patients with moderate to advanced chronic adult periodontitis. 27 healthy patients with moderate to advanced chronic adult periodontitis were enrolled in the study. The quadrants that had 2 or more teeth with $5{\sim}8mm$ probing pocket depth and radiographic evidence of alveolar bone loss were selected and divided into test side and control side according to the splitmouth design. All patients received standardized oral hygiene instructions at the beginning of the study. Subsequently scaling and root plaining was performed on all remaining teeth until 0 week. The 2% minocycline gel was applied to periodontal pocket at 0, 1, 2, 3week in the test side. The normal saline was irrigated subgingivally for about 30 seconds in the control side. The clinical and microbiological analysis was carried out at 0, 4, 8, and 12weeks. The results of this st udy were as follows; 1.2% minocycline gel delivered subgingivally as an adjunct to scaling and root planing provided benefit in reducing sulcular bleeding index and pocket depth than the use of normal saline. 2. The relative proportion of cocci and non-motile bacteria was increased in the test and control groups with time, and there was no statistically significantdifference between two groups. 3. The proportion of spirochetes was slowly reduced in the control group, but, inthe test group, they were remarkably reduced from the 4th week, and there was a statistically significant difference between two groups. 4. In both groups, the relative proportion of motile rods was notably decreasedat the beginning of the study, and remained until 12th week in the test group,but, in the control group, they were slowly increased from the 4th weekand finally similar to that of the initial examination. In conclusion, local application of 2% minocycline gel may be effective in the clinical and microbiological aspects as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in periodontal disease sites.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.709-716
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• 2008

Purpose: Autogenous transplantation of teeth can be defined as transplantation of teeth from one site to another in the same individual, involving transfer of impacted or erupted teeth into extraction sites or surgically prepared sockets". Successful autogenous transplantation of teeth depends upon a complex variety of factors. Such factors include damage to the periodontal ligament of the donor tooth, residual bone height of the recipient site, extra-oral time of tooth during surgery. Schwartz and Andreasen previously reported that autogenous transplantation of teeth with incomplete root formation demonstrated higher success rate than that of teeth with complete root formation. Gault and Mejare yielded similar rate of successful autogenous transplantation both in teeth with complete root formation and in teeth with incomplete root formation when appropriate cases were selected. This case report was aimed at the clinical and radiographic view in autogenous transplantation of teeth with complete root formation. Materials and Methods: Patients who presented to the department of periodontics, Chonnam National University Hospital underwent autogenous transplantation of teeth. One patient had vertical root fracture in a upper right second molar and upper left third molar was transplanted. And another patient who needed orthodontic treatment had residual root due to caries on upper right first premolar. Upper right premolar was extracted and lower right second premolar was transplanted. Six months later, orthodontic force was applied. Results: 7 months or 11/2 year later, each patient had clinically shallow pocket depth and normal tooth mobility. Root resorption and bone loss were not observed in radiograph and function was maintained successfully. Conclusion: Autogenous transplantation is considered as a predictive procedure when it is performed for the appropriate indication and when maintenance is achieved through regular radiographic taking and follow-up.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.461-466
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• 2010

본 연구는 치과 등록상호명을 적절히 활용할 가능성이 있는 2009년 대한소아치과학회 회원 551명의 치과병의원명을 통해 그 유형과 특성을 알아보기 위해 진행되었으며, 연구 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 성별에 따른 치과 등록상호명을 보면 남자는 '전문과목' 33.4%, '인명/지명'유형 31.7%의 순으로 많았으며, 여자는 '전문과목'49%, '친근감'유형 29.9% 순으로 조사되었다(p<0.05). 2. '인명/지명'의 유형이 졸업년대를 기준으로 볼 때 1960년대 이전은 66.7%, 1960년대는 62.5%, 1970년대는 68.8%, 1980년대는 46.5%로 대부분을 차치하였으나, 1990년대는 '전문과목' 유형이 52.2%, 2000년 이후는 59.8%로 졸업년대에 따라 치과 등록상호명에 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 3. 서울과 부산 및 경기도는 '전문과목'유형의 등록상호명이 가장 많았고, 그 이외의 도시는 '친근감' 및 '인명/지명'의 유형이 가장 많았다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면, 2009년 현재 대한소아치과학회원의 치과 병의원 등록상호명은 성별, 졸업년도, 지역에 따라 차이를 보였다.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2013

T4K는 혼합치열기의 2급 부정교합 환자에게 사용되는 기능성, 가철성 교정장치이다. 기능성 교정장치의 경우 치열과 악골의 성장에 영향을 주는 구강안면부의 근육의 부조화를 개선시키는 역할을 한다. T4K에 포함된 lip bumper는 과도한 하순의 힘을 차단하여 주고, 하순 내측 전정을 자극하는 요소가 포함되어 있다. 부적절한 혀의 위치를 교정할 수 있는 요소는 환자들이 장치를 장착하는 동안 부가적인 혀 운동을 할 필요성을 감소시킨다. 2급 부정교합 환자의 경우 하악 열성장을 동반하는 경우가 대부분을 차지한다. 이 장치는 상악 치아를 고정원으로 하여, 하악을 전방으로 성장할 수 있도록 자극하여 부족한 하악 성장을 촉진하는 역할을 하고 있다. 이와 함께 부가적으로 Labial bow와 같은 역할을 하는 요소는 상악 치열의 개선에 도움을 준다. T4K는 기성품으로 작은 부피와 부드러운 질감으로 어린 환자들의 장착 동의율을 높이는 데 장점을 가진다. 원광대학교 치과대학 산본치과병원 소아치과에 내원한 혼합치열기의 2급 부정교합 환자에서 만족스러운 결과를 얻었기에 이를 보고하는 바이다. 요약 1. T4K를 혼합치열기의 2급 부정교합 환자에게 사용하여 안모의 개선을 얻었다. 2. 과도한 수직, 수평 피개교합이 개선되었다. 3. 하악 열성장 환자에서 T4K를 장착하여 하악 성장을 촉진하는 결과를 얻었다. 4. 구호흡 등과 같은 구강악습관의 개선을 얻었다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.68-70
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• 2010

Puer tea is a traditional beverage originating from Yunnam area of China. It supplies basic nutrients such as vitamin C. It has been well reported that daily drinking of Puer tea can help the digestion and ease the stomachache after food intake. Puer tea also contains various polyphenols which may exert antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes. Because of these functional effects on digestive system we suspected if Puer tea can display any dietary effect or decrease the obesity after long-term drinking. We employed 6-week old SD rats as experimental animal and treated them with extract of Puer tea in relation to the body weights. Rats were divided into 5 groups (NC, PC, E, E+P, E+P5). NC group was experimental control and rest of them are as follows: water only (PC), water with exercise (E), water with exercise and Puer tea extract (E+P), water with exercise and 5X extract of Puer tea (E+P5). Feeding was carried out every day for 5 weeks by oral administration. Reduction rate of body weights was highest in E group. Relative ratio of losing weight was as follows: PC group (100.78%), E group (95.57%), E+P group (94.53%) and E+P5 group (74.22%), respectively. Exercise was more helpful to control the body weight. The result strongly suggests that Puer tea is highly effective to control the body weight and could be used for pharmaceutical purpose to treat obesity without side effects.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.260-266
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 서로 다른 종류의 접착시스템과 법랑질 보호제 등이 설측 브라켓의 인장강도에 영향을 미치는지 알아보는데 있다. 75개의 발치된 하악 전치를 5개의 그룹으로 임의로 나눈 후 설측 브라켓을 부착하였다. Group 1은 Transbond XT를, Group 2는 Transbond XT와 함께 불소 유리레진(Ortho-coat)을 Group 3는 Transbond XT와 Chlorohexidine varnish (Cervitec Plus)를 Group 4는 광중합 접착제(Aegis Ortho)를 Group 5는 antimicrobial self-etching primer (Clearfil Protect Bond)을 사용하였다. 불소유리 레진이나 Chlorohexidine varnish의 사용유무는 접착력에 영향을 미치지 못하였다. Group 5이 다른 그룹에 비해 접착력과 접착제 잔류지수(adhesive remnant index, ARI)가 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다 (p < 0.001). 법랑질 보호제 적용 시 설측 브라켓의 접착력에 부정적인 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 이상의 결과로 이번에 사용한 제품들은 설측 교정치료 기간 동안 환자의 구강위생을 개선시킬 수 있어 환자와 술자에게 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다. 그러나 에나멜 층이 얇은 경우 Clearfil Protect Bond의 과도한 접착강도에 대해 고려해야 할 것이다.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.39-55
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to provide the necessary fundamental data in composing a systematic text content of the public health by analyzing each text, domain, and teaching contents suggested in the textbooks as well as teachers' guides of the 7th elementary school education curriculum, while the study subjects were as follows. 1. The health education content suggested in the 7th physical education curriculum were analyzed and examined. 2. The health teaching content of each textbook in the 7th elementary school curriculum was to be analyzed and examined. In order to resolve the above research issues, the physical, spiritual, and social domain along with the (1) Proper living habit, (2) Health and nutrition, (3) Sex education, (4) Prevention of the sense-organic diseases, (5) Cleanliness of food, (6) Oral hygiene, (7) Individual health and public health, (8) Safety in living, (9) Abuse and usage of medication, educational content suggested in the 7tand (10) Environment pollution focused around the health of the elementary school education curriculum was analyzed and its outcome was as below First, compared with the 6th elementary school education curriculum, the health content suggested in the 7th elementary school education curriculum was decreased. Second, although each grade's teaching content of the health domain in the physical education was considered in its structure following after the according systems, they were preponderant in partial subjects such as the safety in living, nutrition, proper living habit, sport, and health in sport. oo. Third, the health education content was organized in 4 units such as the physical growth and development, prevention of diseases, safe living, and leisure living(leisure, spiritual health, and etc.) for the 3rd and 4th grade. Then, as for 5th and 6th grade, it was organized in 3 units such as the understanding the human body, prevention of disease, and leisure and safe living. Fourth, in the physical educational health domain, a strong point was constructed within the physical, spiritual, and social areas of the elementary school physical education. Fifth, the number of the public health education contents directly related with the health education was 43 as with 25 indirect contents. Sixth, each grade's domain unit structure of the public health content was heavy upon the physical and social area throughout every grade while in opposite, the spiritual domain' s unit structure was weak. In according to each grade, the physical domain was stressed in 4, 5, and 6 grades while the social domain was stressed in 1, 5, and 6 grades.