• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1318-1323
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• 2013

본 논문은 비 슬롯 모드 인지 무선망에서 기회적 스펙트럼 접속 방식의 성능을 시뮬레이션을 통해 비교 분석한다. 비교 분석할 두 가지 기회적 스펙트럼 방식은 다음과 같다. 첫 번째 방식은 어떤 채널에서 전송을 성공한 경우 동일한 채널을 다시 센싱하고, 실패한 경우 가장 오래전에 선택했던 채널을 센싱하는 방식이다. 두 번째 방식은 어떤 채널에서 전송에 실패한 경우 동일한 채널을 다시 센싱하고, 성공한 경우 가장 오래전에 선택했던 채널을 센싱하는 방식이다. 본 논문에서는 일차 사용자가 채널을 점유하는 기간에 따라 두 방식 사이의 성능을 비교한다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.140-142
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• 2013

Cognitive radio (CR) has been recently proposed to dynamically access unused-spectrum. Since the spectrum availability for opportunistic access is determined by spectrum sensing, sensing control is identified as one of the most crucial issues of cognitive radio networks. Out-of-band sensing to find an available channels to sense. Sensing is also required in case of spectrum hand-off. Sensing process needs to be done very fast in order to enhance the quality of service (QoS) of the CR nodes, and transmission not to be cut for longer time. During the sensing, the PU(primary user) detection probability condition should be satisfied. We adopt a channel prediction method to find target channels. Proposed prediction method combines chaotic global method and chaotic local method for channel idle probability prediction. Global method focus on channel history information length and order number of prediction model. Local method focus on local prediction trend. Through making simulation, Proposed method can find an available channel with very high probability, total sensing time is minimized, detection probability of PU's are satisfied.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.286-308
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• 2018

The availability of powerful and sensor-enabled mobile and Internet-connected devices have enabled the advent of the ubiquitous sensor network (USN) paradigm. USN provides various types of solutions to the general public in multiple sectors, including environmental monitoring, entertainment, transportation, security, and healthcare. Here, we explore and compare the features of wireless sensor networks and USN. Based on our extensive study, we classify the security- and privacy-related challenges of USNs. We identify and discuss solutions available to address these challenges. Finally, we briefly discuss open challenges for designing more secure and privacy-preserving approaches in next-generation USNs.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.40-44
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• 2010

opportunistic spectrum access (OSA) allows unlicensed users to share licensed spectrum in space and time with no or little interference to primary users, with bring new research challenges in MAC design. We propose a cognitive MAC protocol using statistical channel information and selecting appropriate idle channel for transmission. The protocol based on the CSMA/CA, exploits statistics of spectrum usage for decision making on channel access. Idle channel availability, spectrum hole sufficiency and available channel condition will be included in algorithm statistical information. The model include the control channel and data channel, the transmitter negotiates with receiver on transmission parameters through control channel, statistical decision results (successful rate of transmission) from exchanged transmission parameters of control channel should pass the threshold and decide the data transmission with spectrum hole on data channel. A dynamical sensing range as a important parameter introduced to maintain the our protocol performance. The proposed protocol's simulation will show that proposed protocol does improve the throughput performance via traditional opportunistic spectrum access MAC protocol.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.217-226
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• 2014

In this research, we study the problem of opportunistic spectrum access (OSA) in a time-varying environment with fading channels, where the channel state is characterized by both channel quality and the occupancy of primary users (PUs). First, a finite-state Markov channel model is introduced to represent a fading channel. Second, by probing channel quality and exploring the activities of PUs jointly, a two-dimensional partially observable Markov decision process framework is proposed for OSA. In addition, a greedy strategy is designed, where a secondary user selects a channel that has the best-expected data transmission rate to maximize the instantaneous reward in the current slot. Compared with the optimal strategy that considers future reward, the greedy strategy brings low complexity and relatively ideal performance. Meanwhile, the spectrum sensing error that causes the collision between a PU and a secondary user (SU) is also discussed. Furthermore, we analyze the multiuser situation in which the proposed single-user strategy is adopted by every SU compared with the previous one. By observing the simulation results, the proposed strategy attains a larger throughput than the previous works under various parameter configurations.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.122-133
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• 2009

As wireless spectrum resources become more scarce while some portions of frequency bands suffer from low utilization, the design of cognitive radio (CR) has recently been urged, which allows opportunistic usage of licensed bands for secondary users without interference with primary users. Spectrum sensing is fundamental for a secondary user to find a specific available spectrum hole. Cooperative spectrum sensing is more accurate and more widely used since it obtains helpful reports from nodes in different locations. However, if some nodes are compromised and report false sensing data to the fusion center on purpose, the accuracy of decisions made by the fusion center can be heavily impaired. Weighted sequential probability ratio test (WSPRT), based on a credit evaluation system to restrict damage caused by malicious nodes, was proposed to address such a spectrum sensing data falsification (SSDF) attack at the price of introducing four times more sampling numbers. In this paper, we propose two new schemes, named enhanced weighted sequential probability ratio test (EWSPRT) and enhanced weighted sequential zero/one test (EWSZOT), which are robust against SSDF attack. By incorporating a new weight module and a new test module, both schemes have much less sampling numbers than WSPRT. Simulation results show that when holding comparable error rates, the numbers of EWSPRT and EWSZOT are 40% and 75% lower than WSPRT, respectively. We also provide theoretical analysis models to support the performance improvement estimates of the new schemes.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.146-154
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• 2014

This paper proposes a bandwidth-aware localized-routing algorithm that is capable of sensing the available spectrum bands within a two-hop neighboring for choosing the highly opportunistic routes. A mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) is utilized to formulate the optimization problem. Then, the proposed algorithm is used to determine the maximum bandwidth possible of link pairs via a bandwidth approximation process of relaxed variables. Thereby, the proposed algorithm can allow selected routes corresponding to maximum bandwidth possible between cognitive radio (CR) users through link pairs in cognitive radio networks. By comparing the solution values to previous works, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can offer a closed-optimal solution for routing performance in cognitive radio networks. The contribution of this paper is achieved through approximately 50% throughput utilized in the network.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.394-405
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• 2015

This paper considers a wideband cognitive radio network which can simultaneously sense multiple narrowband channels and thus aggregate the detected available channels for transmission and proposes a novel cognitive radio system that exhibits improved sensing throughput and can save power consumption of secondary user (SU) compared to the conventional cognitive radio system studied so far. More specifically, under the proposed cognitive radio system, we study the problem of designing the optimal sensing time and power allocation strategy, in order to maximize the ergodic throughput of the proposed cognitive radio system under two different schemes, namely the wideband sensing-based spectrum sharing scheme and the wideband opportunistic spectrum access scheme. In our analysis, besides the average interference power constraint at primary user, the average transmit power constraint of SU is also considered for the two schemes and then a subgradient algorithm is developed to obtain the optimal sensing time and the corresponding power allocation strategy. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to verify the performance of the two proposed schemes.

• 정보과학회 논문지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.119-125
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• 2016

인지 무선 기술은 보조 사용자가 (SUs) 주 사용자 (PUs)에 간섭을 주지 않고 기회주의적 방식으로 라이선스 스펙트럼을 사용할 수 있는 기술이다. 인지 라디오의 핵심 기술은 스펙트럼 센싱이다. 그러나 인지 무선 센서 네트워크에서 에너지 효율적인 스펙트럼 센싱 기법에 대한 연구는 많지 않다. 본 논문에서는 클러스터 기반의 인지 무선 센서 네트워크를 위한 에너지 효율적인 협력 스펙트럼 센싱 노드 선택 기법을 제안한다. 제안하는 기법에서, 허위 경보 확률 및 에너지 소비를 최적화하기 위하여 클러스터 내 스펙트럼 센싱 노드들의 수를 최소화하게 된다. 시뮬레이션 결과를 통하여 본 논문에서 제안한 최적의 스펙트럼 센싱 노드 수를 적용하므로 스펙트럼 센싱 효율성이 향상되었고, 또한 네트워크의 에너지 효율성도 보장된 것을 검증하였다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

무선 접속을 통한 이동통신망이나 데이터망의 멀티미디어 서비스는 이제 현대 생활의 중요한 일부가 되었으며 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅이 확산됨에 따라 새로운 서비스에 필요한 주파수 스펙트럼에 대한 수요는 급증할 전망이다. 인지전파 기술은 지역과 시간에 따라 일시적으로 사용하지 않는 주파수 대역을 자동으로 인지하고 찾아서 환경에 맞게 통신방식, 주파수 대역폭 등을 능동적으로 판단하여 통신함으로서 한정적인 주파수 자원을 효율적으로 사용하고자 하는 기술이다. 본 논문에서는 인지 전파 망에서 오검출과 오경보의 불완전한 센싱이 주 사용자와 부 사용자의 스펙트럼 사용에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 연속시간 마르코프 체인 분석을 통하여 규명하였다. 연속시간 마르코프 체인의 닫힌 해(Closed Form Solution)를 통하여 센싱 오류, 제공 부하 등의 파라미터들이 시스템 성능에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다.