• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.102-108
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• 2013

To understand the relationship of growth and water use efficiency (WUE) between superior and inferior families from open-pollinated progenies of P. densiflora, two families (one superior and one inferior families) in two open-pollinated progeny test sites were selected using volume growth at 26 years. And we compared environmental factors and WUE which was calculated from measured ${\delta}^{13}C$ in the wood. The ${\delta}^{13}C$ change during the last 20 years showed steady decrease and same pattern as WUE in the fertile site, while there was an inverse relationship between ${\delta}^{13}C$ and WUE in poor site, indicating an interaction between gene and environment. The superior family showed higher WUE than inferior family in poor site, indicating efficient stomatal control of the former under water stress. Water use efficiency calculated by carbon isotope composition can be used as a selection criterion for drought tolerance families in open-pollinated progenies of P. densiflora.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.442-445
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• 2007

Seedlings height of hybrids varied depending on mating combinations. Among the progenies from the mating combination, P. thunbergii(CN4)$\times$P. densiflora(KW29) showed the best plant growth. The mean height of this combination was 521 cm at the age of 8 years(yrs), which was 9% higher than rest of the crosses. Seedlings height of progenies using P. thunbergii(JN37) as mother tree showed 28%, 33%, and 29% higher than those of open-pollinated progenies of the mother tree at the ages of 4yrs, 6yrs, and 8yrs, respectively. On the other hand, using P. densiflora (KB5) as father tree showed 45%, 48%, and 32% higher than those of open-pollinated progenies of the father tree. This result may be caused by hybrid vigor.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.455-459
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• 1985

This study is to select good diploid clones and develope them into FDR clones. Seventeen diploid clones were selected by tuber plants from the imported diploid potato seeds and from the progenies of the crosses between them. The characteristics of the selected clones were reported. Fifteen clones were crossed among them or open pollinated or bulk pollinated, and 18 selections were made from the seed progenies of these pollinations. Male and female unreduced gametes were searched by crossing 2x, 4x and by microtechnique. Only one clone, D6-21 was found to produce unreduced male gamete with the rate of 27-30% by FDR. Unreduced female gamete has not been found among these diploids.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.70-75
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• 2007

We conducted an inoculation test using nine open-pollinated families of pine trees to evaluate their susceptibility and mortality in different densities of pine wood nematode. Three-year-old nine open-pollinated pine families were inoculated with Bursaphelenchus xylophilus at levels of 3,000, 5,000, and 7,000 nematodes/seedling in greenhouse. There were no distinct patterns in latent period among three densities of B. xylophilus in all families. Most families showed the first disease symptoms of needle discoloration within 12-15 days after inoculation. However, open-pollinated progenies of Pinus densiflora showed the longest latent period because none of one-year-old needles were wilted until 14 days after inoculation with 5,000 and 7,000 nematodes. One-year-old needles were wilted earlier than current needles in all tested families with all densities of B. xylophilus. Current needles were not wilted until 14 days after inoculation in all seedlings. The mortality of all seedlings rapidly increased from 35 days to 49 days after inoculation, and all died within 80 days except two seedlings. A 3,000 nematodes/100 ${\mu}L$ with sterilized distilled water are enough to screen 3-year-old pine seedlings for resistance to B. xylophilus.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.83 no.4
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• pp.480-485
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• 1994

Growth and wood quality characters such as height, DBH, specific gravity, traceried length and width were measured for 16-year-old open-pollinated progenies of 38 selected plus trees of Abies holophylla Max. The results were as follows ; 1) The superior families in growth and wood quality characters were Chonbuk 4(498.2cm) and Kyonggi 9(485.7cm) for height, Kyonggi 12(9.2cm) and 9(9.1cm) for DBH, Kaongbuk 2(0.480) and Kangwon 7(0.473) for specific gravity, Kyonggi 9(2.77mm) and Kangwon 11(2.71mm) for tracheid length and Kyonggi 9(0.039mm), Kangwon 11, 12 and Kyunggi 7(0.036mm) for tracheid width, respectively. 2) There were significant differences among the families in height and specific gravity at 1% and 5% level. 3) There were high significant negative correlations between specific gravity and other characters such as height, DBH, tracheid length and width at 1% level($r=-0.242^{**}{\sim}-0.635^{**}$) 4) The heritabilities were 0.55 for height, 0.25 for DBH, 0.44 for specific gravity, and 0.24 for tracheid width.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.69 no.1
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• pp.51-55
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• 1985

Pinus thunbergii ${\times}$ P. massoniana $F_1$ hybrids were made by pollinating 15 years old Japanese black pine (P. thunbergii) with Masson pine (P. massoniana) pollen, air-shipped from Taiwan. The crossability between two species were observed. Seedling height, morphological characteristics, and the composition of phenolic compounds of these hybrids and the open-pollinated progenies of P. thunbergii were investigated. The results of the observation were as follows; 1) Number of the hybrid seeds per cone was 2.3, while open-pollinated Japanese black pine produced 26 seeds per cone. 2) All hybrid seedlings outgrew P. thunbergii, averaging 151% of mean height of Japanese black pine seedlings. The growth of hybrids was much variable, ranging from 120% to 208% of mean height of the open-pollinated progenies of P. thunbergii. 3) With regard to needle characteristics, the hybrid needles were longer and softer than those of P. thunbergii. The color of hybrid needles showed yellowish green. The positions of resin ducts in P. thunbergii observed medial, while those of hybrids showed medial and external. 4) No large difference in phenolic compound composition between hybrid and P. thunbergii was found, but phenolic compound of unknown 4 and 6 were observed only in hybrid. Further intensive work is recommended in this area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.95 no.4
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• pp.483-494
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• 2006

We conducted QTL mapping for 6-year growths of open-pollinated half-sib progenies from a selected clone 7-1037 in Pinus taeda. With an AFLP marker analysis on haploid DNA samples from the megagametophytes of the open-pollinated seeds, we constructed 20 framework maps spanning a total of 1,869 cM in total length and 18.5 cM in an average interval length between markers. Composite interval mapping reveals that one QTL explains 5.9% of the total phenotypic variation of height, and three QTLs account for 3.9~5.6% of the variation of diameter at breast height (DBH). There are no correlations between the QTLs. The genetic effects of the QTLs are 39.6 cm in height and 7.20~9.41 mm in DBH, respectively, The average effects of gene substitution of the markers closely linked with the QTLs are 44.3 cm in height and 8.38~11.81 m in DBH. Under an assumption that the within-family heritability for the growth traits of loblolly pine is less than 0.2, the QTLs account for 26.8% of the additive genetic variance of the progenies. In terms of relative selection efficiency, the individual selection based on QTL markers could be 5 times as high as phenotypic selection. The results in this study indicate that the QTL mapping method with open-pollinated half-sib family could be more practical and applicable to the conventional seed orchard-based selection work than other mapping methods with a single full-sib family, in particular from the viewpoint that it can provide crucial information for within-family individual selection such as breeding value.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.75 no.1
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• pp.46-50
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• 1986

One-year-old seedlings of open-pollinated progenies of pitch-loblolly hybrid pine plus trees were selected for cold-hardiness during cold winter of 1983-1984. Survived trees were planted in three locations. Two years later, the ratio of cold-damaged trees and 3rd year heights were recorded. The ratio of the, cold-damage trees among screened progenies were 5.6% in Kyunggi and 22.6% in Chungnam, while 9.3% and 43.3%, respectively, in unscreened control plot. Severely damaged families at one-year-old seedling stage also suffered heavy cold damage after two years. Not much differences were observed between families in 3rd year height.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.136-142
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• 2008

We conducted this study to compare physiological response according to growing conditions between superior and inferior family of Pinus densiflora. In 1981, open-pollinated (OP) progenies of P. densiflora were planted in Chuncheon (CC) and Naju (NJ). We selected KW2 as a superior family and KW23 as a inferior family based on volume index among 30 OP progenies. We calculated general combining ability of each 30 OP progenies in each sites, and compared family growth rank. We collected needles of selected families in CC and NJ, and analyzed chlorophyll content, nitrated reductase (NR) activity, nitrogen content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) acitivity. In CC, chlorophyll content and nitrogen content were more in needles of KW2 than those of KW23. In NJ, KW2 showed higher NR activity than KW23, and according to site, families in CC showed higher NR activity than those in NJ. SOD activities of both families were higher in NJ, and KW23 showed higher activity than KW2 in both sites. Consequently, inconsistency of the growth performance of two families was caused by different genetic and physiological responses.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.201-209
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• 2004

This study was carried out to develope new zoysiagrass cultivar 'Senock' (Patent registration: 10-2003-0072018). Artificial crossing between collected lines of Z. sinica and Z. matrella (collected in South Korea) was conducted to develope F1 plant (CSM) which was cultivated at field for open self-pollination. Among the open pollinated progenies, CSM8 (Senock) showed superior performance in color and density rating. 'Senock' showed genetically dark green color, with medium leaf width ($3.1\pm0.17mm$), low plant height ($14\pm5.67cm$), and wide leaf angle ($67.3\pm11.1degree$). Height to the lowest leaf blade of this cultivar was $2.0\pm0.14cm$, which may allow low mowing height. Specific bands with primer number OPB7 by RAPD analysis can be used for cultivar identification.