• Smart Media Journal
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.9-18
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• 2022

Recently, research and system using AI is rapidly increasing in various fields. Smart farm using artificial intelligence and information communication technology is also being studied in agriculture. In addition, data-based precision agriculture is being commercialized by convergence various advanced technology such as autonomous driving, satellites, and big data. In Korea, the number of commercialization cases of facility agriculture among smart agriculture is increasing. However, research and investment are being biased in the field of facility agriculture. The gap between research and investment in facility agriculture and open-air agriculture continues to increase. The fields of fruit trees and plant factories have low research and investment. There is a problem that the big data collection and utilization system is insufficient. In this paper, we are proposed the system for determining the fruit tree growth stage using a deep learning-based object detection model. The system was proposed as a hybrid app for use in agricultural sites. In addition, we are implemented an object detection function for the fruit tree growth stage determine.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.165-170
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• 2022

Nowadays more and more attention is paid to digital technologies, digitization, and the digitization of public services in particular. Progressive countries aim to build "digital" governance and a digital economy. In this aspect, the international experience of using digitization in the field of public administration, including in local self-government bodies, plays an important role. Therefore, it is important to analyze the international legal experience of the functioning of local self-government in the conditions of digitization. The purpose of the work is to study the international legal experience of the functioning of local self-government in the conditions of digitization. The object of the study is local self-government in the conditions of digitization through the prism of international legal experience. The subject of the study is social relations that arise, change, and cease during the implementation of digitization in local self-government in Ukraine and foreign countries. The research methodology consists of such methods as the method of philosophical hermeneutics; dialectical method; classification method; comparative method; target method; method of documentary analysis; generalization method. Research results. As a result of the conducted research, the international experience of the functioning of local self-government in conditions of digitization was analyzed. In particular, the impact of digitization processes on the course of the decentralization reform in Ukraine is summarized. Also, from the analysis of international experience, a conclusion was made about the potential possibility of reducing the existing gap in the process of communication between the central government and united territorial communities thanks to the introduction of the latest technologies in the field of administrative services, to stimulate innovative and economic development of regions, attracting the attention of businesses and potential investors, as well as the functioning of more open local authorities with electronic communication tools.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.7-33
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• 2022

This study analyzes the difference in the awareness of Korean Unification among age groups based on survey data. It is verified by statistical model analyses that the ratio of agreement for Korean Unification increases with the age growth, but after the highest peak at the age group of 44 ~ 53 years, the ratio of agreement gradually decreases. The statistical model shows that the age group of 44 ~ 53 years old has 2.5 times higher odds of agreement than the age group of 24 ~ 33 years old and the odds of female to male is 0.56. Meanwhile, the ratio of increase in the agreement, aligned with the increasing age groups, shows 4.3 times higher for males than females. The difference in the ratio of agreement in the overall age groups is estimated to be contributed the most by the significant difference in the ratio of agreement for Korean Unification between the young male generation (in their 20s and 30s) and the middle-aged male generation (in their 40s and 50s).

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.275-288
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• 2023

Based on the crucial role of high-speed railway bridges (HSRBs) in the safety of high-speed railway operations, it is an important approach to mitigate earthquake hazards by proceeding with seismic risk assessments in their whole life. Bridge seismic risk assessment, which usually evaluates the seismic performance of bridges from a probabilistic perspective, provides technical support for bridge risk management. The seismic performance of bridges is greatly affected by the degradation of material properties, therefore, material damage plays a nonnegligible role in the seismic risk assessment of the bridge. The effect of material damage is not considered in most current studies on seismic risk analysis of bridges, nevertheless. To fill the gap in this area, in this paper, a nonlinear dynamic time-history analysis has been carried out by establishing OpenSees finite element model, and a seismic vulnerability analysis is carried out based on the incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) method. On this basis, combined with the site risk analysis, the time-dependent seismic risk analysis of an offshore three-span HSRB in the whole life cycle has been conducted. The results showed that the seismic risk probabilities of both components and system of the bridge increase with the service time, and their seismic risk probabilities increase significantly in the last service period due to the degradation of the material strength, which demonstrates that the impact of durability damage should be considered when evaluating the seismic performance of bridges in the design and service period.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.182-182
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• 2023

Since China adopted Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) in the 1980s, China has relied on water PPPs to expand appropriate water facilities.. According to the World Bank data from 1994 to 2020, the top five provinces hosted over 40 percent of total PPPs, with four of them located in the Huadong area and one in the Henan area. A vast gap exists between the group attracting the most PPPs and the group hosting the least. This study explores Guangdong and Shandong provinces, which have led most PPPs in China. Coincidently, these areas are also famous for the typical areas to show the Chinese economic policy after the open-door policy. They have achieved economic development and rapid urbanization rates based on the large scale of Foreign Direct Investment inflow and export-oriented manufacturing industry, as well as their active participation in PPPs over the last thirty years. An economic approach can provide valuable insights into the development of water infrastructure. Adequate urban infrastructure has been shown to impact local economic development positively. Water infrastructure also provides a basic and sustainable environment for economic activities by satisfying more water usage, improving the efficiency of the water supply, and reducing water pollution caused by industrial activities. However, it remains only partially understood without inclusive research on the issues related to water resources in each province. For instance, existing studies have been limited to explaining slightly different patterns of water PPPs between Guangdong and Shandong at the beginning of the PPP era. This study aims to elucidate the development pattern of water PPPs in each province from multi-dimensional aspects. Therefore, the study will help understand why China boosted the development of the private water market.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.16-21
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• 2022

When an ankle lateral malleolar fracture is accompanied by a deltoid ligament rupture without a medial malleolar fracture, such an injury is called a bimalleolar equivalent fracture. This means that even if there is no bony injury on the medial side, there may be functional instability of the ankle joint due to damage to the deltoid ligament. Manual or gravity external rotational stress radiography is used to differentiate an ankle bimalleolar equivalent fracture from an isolated lateral malleolar fracture. If the medial joint gap is widened on the stress radiography, the deltoid ligament injury can be diagnosed, and surgical treatment for fibula fractures is recommended. After open reduction of the fibula fracture (with syndesmotic fixation if needed), a decision on the repair of the deltoid ligament is taken depending on the surgeons' preference and intraoperative findings. The deltoid ligament repair is performed by inserting a suture anchor (or anchors) in the medial malleolus and fixing the deep and superficial deltoid ligaments to the medial malleolus. The only randomized study to evaluate the utility of deltoid ligament sutures in ankle fractures did not support the deltoid ligament suture, but the study itself had many limitations. An appropriately powered, randomized, controlled trial of the deltoid ligament repair with both patient-reported outcome and radiographic outcome evaluation is needed in the future.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.368-374
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• 2023

Background: Recognizing that access to safe and healthy working conditions is a human right, the World Health Organization (WHO) calls for specific occupational safety and health (OSH) programs for health workers (HWs). The WHO health systems' building blocks, and the International Labour Organization (ILO), highlight the importance of information as part of effective systems. This study examined how OSH stakeholders access, use, and value an occupational health information system (OHIS). Methods: A cross-sectional survey of OSH stakeholders was conducted as part of a larger quasi experimental study in four teaching hospitals. The study hospitals and participants were purposefully selected and data collected using a modified questionnaire with both closed and open-ended questions. Quantitative analysis was conducted and themes identified for qualitative analysis. Ethics approval was provided by the University of Pretoria and University of British Columbia. Results: There were 71 participants comprised of hospital managers, health and safety representatives, trade unions representatives and OSH professionals. At least 42% reported poor accessibility and poor timeliness of OHIS for decision-making. Only 50% had access to computers and 27% reported poor computer skills. When existing, OHIS was poorly organized and needed upgrades, with 85% reporting the need for significant reforms. Only 45% reported use of OHIS for decision-making in their OSH role. Conclusion: Given the gap in access and utilization of information needed to protect worker's rights to a safe and healthy workplace, more attention is warranted to OHIS development and use as well as education and training in South Africa and beyond.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.19-32
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• 2023

Using extensive job posting big data, this study investigates the industrial and locational characteristics of decent work from the supply side. The analysis revealed that manufacturing is pivotal in supplying decent work, accompanied by a stark regional disparity, most notable in the Seoul Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), which constitutes nearly half of all decent work opportunities. The study further uncovered that the distribution of decent work varies significantly across MSAs, with a pronounced inclination towards a higher supply in peripheral rather than central areas. These findings bring to light the critical need for policies that bolster manufacturing, aiming to enhance the availability of high-quality jobs and to bridge the job quality gap between the Seoul MSA and other regions. Moreover, the results emphasize the necessity for customized job supply strategies in each MSA, prioritizing strategies that account for the proximity between workplaces and living areas in the job supply process.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.49-63
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• 2024

Information behavior played a significant role in minimizing the risks of the COVID-19 pandemic. When faced with such a situation, an individual needs information for decision-making and in order to determine the best course of action relating to their health. This study aims to explore information behavior during each phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia, which is known for its close-knit collective culture. A sensemaking approach is used, which emphasizes the process individuals go through to understand their situation and give meaning to the information they are getting from their environment. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with 10 participants to obtain a description of their information behaviors during the pandemic. Data analysis was carried out using open, axial, and selective coding. We propose a sensemaking-based information behavior strategy framework for mitigating risk and reducing ongoing health crises. Changes in information behavior strategies, including search, prevention, and restriction of information exposure, were random at the beginning of the pandemic, but became more regular in later phases. This was influenced by the "knowledge gap fulfillment" and "use of local knowledge" among the participants throughout the pandemic. In conclusion, the participants developed a sensemaking process including an understanding of the pandemic situation and the risks that they faced. They used a number of information behavior strategies to prevent transmission, and their perception of the risks changed across the course of the pandemic, up til the situation began to be considered back to normal again in Indonesia.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.128-137
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• 2002

This study was conducted to develop the heat exchanger by utilizing the heat energy of underground water(15℃), which might be used for cooling and heating system of the agricultural facilities. We developed the heat exchanger by using the parallel type plat fin tube made of Aluminum(Al 6063), which was named Aloo-Heat(No. 0247164, offered by Korean Intellectual property Office). The trial manufactures were made from Aloo-heat which was 600mm, 700mm length respectively, and It were welded to the end "U" type in order to direct flow of the underground water. The performance test was carried out under the condition of open space and room temperature with the change of flow rate of the underground water and air. The results are as follows. 1. The trial manufactures had convection heat value from 33 to 156 W/m²℃, and It was coincided with design assumption. 2. The amount of energy transfer was increased with the increment of the area of heat transfer, the air flow, the gap of temperature inlet & outlet the underground water and the air. 3. The heat value was 6,825W when the air flow was 6,000m³/h and the gap of temperature between inlet and outlet of the underground water was 6℃, and It dropped from 25.8℃ to 23.2℃(-2.6℃ difference). The convection heat value was 88.5W/m²℃. 4. The heat value was 2.625W when the air flow was 4,000m³/h and the gap of temperature between inlet and outlet the underground water was 2℃, and It dropped from 27℃ to 22.5℃(-4.5℃ difference). The convection heat value was 33.6W/m²℃. 5. Correlation values(R²) of the testing heat values of the trial manufacture type I, II, and III were 0.9141, 0.8935, and 0.9323 respectively, and correlation values(R²) of the amount of the air flow 6,000m³/h, 5,000m³/h, 4,000m³/h were 0.9513, 0.9414, and 0.9003 respectively.