• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 2018

The foreign concession of Yokohama was the first downtown formed through the open port of Yokohama. It became a stepping stone to the center of the market economy. Yokohama was regarded as the turning point of modernization in Japanese history and it reached the high light of modern city in Japan. In the nineteenth century the term "open port" which occurred in East Asia was directly connected with modernization. Nevertheless, there is not many researches on architectural history about the central space of the open port city. As the method of research, we examine the parcels and spatial changes that are based on the contents of maps and pictures in terms of architectural history. For the foreign concession that was set up in Yokohama and the first open port in Japan, the spatial scope was set for certain and the temporal range was also set from the setting of the concession in 1859 to the abolition in 1899. The purpose of this study is to consider the future research related to the study of the open port city from the perspective of comparative historical research.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.35-44
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the formation process and spatial characteristics of the first and largest open port of Foreign Settlement in Yokohama, Japan. Based on the reference records and maps, we traced the process of modernization, example of opening the park and introduction of technology, industrial & infra-structural facilities. And found out the characteristics of formation process of port city Yokohama as the modernized city. The results of this study are as follows: First, the spatial characteristics and significance of the public space of the port open space; second, the difference of the road and parcel systems between the Japanese and the foreign settlements; and third, the meaning of the port open space as the space of separation in that times. These experiences about the open port in Yokohama could be worked as the basic for domestic and colonial city planning.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.255-282
• /
• 2013

The Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between the Joseon Dynasty and Japan began signing procedures from February 1876. Thus, Busan port became an open port to foreign vessels. This has resulted in Busan port becoming the greatest port in Korea. Because of this, the Superintendent Office (Gamriseo, 監理署) was established at 1883 but was later abolished in 1906. In this thesis, the author explored the opening procedure of Busan Port as an open port, the structure of the positions in the Superintendent Office, and the establishment and abolition, types, and contents of records of Gamriseo that were created or received. Records of the Superintendent Office were classified into diplomatic records, judge records, police records, customs records, administrative records, and the daily records of the institution. Most of the original documents of the Superintendent Office were preserved at the Kyujanggak Institute for Korean Studies while some were published by the National Institute of Korean History and Asiatic Research Institute of Korea University.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.221-234
• /
• 2016

Open port has the designated course and traffic jam of ships happens often. This fact may connect to ship crash easily. And the accident happens due to violation of navigation mainly. In ship crash between Neoblue and Shinkwang 7 at incheon open port, the Korean incheon maritime safety tribunal shows that the violation of navigation and duty of attention at the open port would produce ship crash directly. Wherefore, the interpretation and application of navigation are important to protect future ship crash accident. The points of navigation as objects of study are divided into two categories, interpretation and application of navigation on crashing between the ship which navigate the designated course and the ship which enter into the designated course from the another course or outside the course, interpretation and application of navigation on crashing between two or more ships, which navigate violating the navigation every ships and violating agreement rule each other. And as conclusion, I refer the legal responsibility both Neoblue and Shinkwang 7 in detail. The results of this study as follows : First, in case of crashing between the ship which navigate the designated course and the ship which enter into the designated course from the another course or outside the course, public order in open port act can be applied by priority. However, in applying the public order the principle of trust and reasons of crew, cause and effect, the time of navigation application are mandatory considerations. Second, in case of crashing between two or more ships, which navigate violating the navigation every ships and violating agreement rule each other, we should focus on the reasons of crew. Also, the reasons of crew need strict conditions. These means that the awareness of crash danger and recognition of special circumstance including limit state of ships, existence of emergency danger, non escaping crash danger by only observance of navigation. And in case of this state the public order the principle of trust and reasons of crew, cause and effect, the time of navigation application should be considered by priority, too.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.273-298
• /
• 2011

The Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between the Chosun dynasty and Japan and the United States of America etc. began signing procedures from Feb. 1876. Thus, Busan port became an open port to foreign vessels in 1876. This has resulted in Busan port becoming the greatest port in Korea. This study explored records which were made by the Chosun dynasty and Japan on the opening and development of Busan port. The results are as follows ; According to making treaties between the Chosun dynasty and foreign countries, Chosun dynasty gradually opened a door to the international community. Various institutions were established in and around Busan port by Chosun and Japan. For example, maritime customs, a court of justice, police station by the Chosun side, a Japanese consulate, the Board of Trade for Japan etc by the Japan side. Records made by or related to these institutions and on the development of the Busan port during the open-port period and the Japanese colonial period were preserved at the Kyujanggak Institute for Korean Studies, the National Institute of Korean History, and the Busan Metropolitan Simin Municipal Library.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.359-364
• /
• 2004

When sea going vessel approaches her destination port, marine traffic density is increased, especially, the marine traffic is concentrated in the entrance channel and the fairway in the inner harbour is more narrow. Therefore, special navigational rules for preventing collision at sea is needed in the inner harbour. Hence there are the rules in The Public Order in Open Port Act in Korea But, in the case of conflict of navigational rule concerned, it is possible to be raised a question that which rule shall be applied preferentially. Also, it is necessary to understand the exact meaning of the navigational rules in The Public Order in Open Port Act. Because the misunderstanding of the rule is caused the collision Therefore, this paper aims to discuss the exact meaning of the navigational rule concerned in the view of legal basis and suggest the principles for a proper application of it.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2010.10a
• /
• pp.72-74
• /
• 2010

유비쿼터스 시대의 핵심 기술인 RFID 기술은 물류현장에 많이 응용되고 있다. 이 연구에서는 현재 물류 분야에 적용되는 사례를 분석하고 차세대 RFID 물류시스템을 적용할 수 있도록 지능화된 RFID 장치를 사용하고, RFID 장치 및 물류 프로세스의 오류를 실시간으로 검출하고 보정하여 Open SCM에 적용하는 방법을 제안하였다.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.133-140
• /
• 2018

This study is change of the street space of the port city of Yokohama and the transformation process of the canal. modern port city Yokohama is a region that was responsible for the development of East-West maritime transport routes in Japan in the 17th century and the inland transportation through fishing villages and ports. it has also grown rapidly as a regional port and new port. In particular, through the revitalization of trade between foreign settlements and Japanese residents in the port area, the existing fishing area became a modern port city space. Yokohama went through the following process and grew into a modern port city. The construction of the port harbor and the maintenance of existing logistics functions, the formation of the central horizontal axis through maintenance of the fishing village, the construction of the logistics movement route to the inland area through the construction of the canal, the expansion of the horizon for fire prevention and fire restoration, The formation of a new settlement space according to the movement, the transformation of the existing religious axis by the combination of the elaboration and the introduction of modern transportation, and the spatial connection between the inland cities.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.29 no.12 s.243
• /
• pp.1360-1368
• /
• 2005

This study investigates the characteristics of spray, such as evaporation rate and spray trajectory, for a 4-hole injector which is applied to a 4-valve motorcycle gasoline engine. Three dimensional, unsteady, compressible flow and spray within the intake-port and cylinder have been simulated using the VECTIS code. Spray characteristics were investigated at 6000 rpm engine speed. Furthermore, we visualized fuel behavior in the intake-port using a CCD camera synchronized with a stroboscope in order to compare with the analytical results. Boundary and intial conditions were employed by complete 1-D simulation of the engine using the WAVE code. Fuel was injected into the intake-port at two time intervals relative to the position of the intake valves so that the spray arrived when the valves were closed and fully open. The results showed that the trajectory of the spray was directed towards the lower wall of the port with injection against the closed valves. With open valve injection, a large portion of the fuel was lifted by the co-flowing air towards the upper half of the port and this was confirmed by simulation and visualization.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.29-38
• /
• 2016

Purpose - The purpose of paper is to review and look into the process of port development of each country, and compare with their system of port management. Research design, data and methodology - The methods to be taken is to examine a process of port development in terms of historic and regulated point of views, and each country's port is compared with various port models. Results - China has evolved of port governance into 3 stages, which has lead to almost liberalized port management system in process of privatization slogan. Japan has three stages of port development, and key commitments have been done by local government, rather than national one. Korea has also several stages of port reforms, and national government has been deeply involved in port industry, as well as regional government and port authority in certain areas. Conclusions - whatever port management system each countries has taken, it eventually aims to port productivity in country's port. To adopt most proper port management system may be answer for country to cope with environmental changes around port industry.