• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.381-394
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• 2003

While constructing multistorey buildings with reinforced concrete framed structures it is a common practice to provide parking space for vehicles at the ground floor level. This floor will generally consist of open frames without any infilled walls and is called an open-storey. From a post disaster damage survey carried out, it was noticed that during the January 26, 2001 Bhuj (Gujarat, India) earthquake, a large number of reinforced concrete framed buildings with open-storey at ground floor level, suffered extensive damage and in some cases catastrophic collapse. This has brought into sharp focus the need to carry out systematic studies on the seismic vulnerability of such buildings. Determination of vulnerability requires realistic structural response estimations taking into account the stochasticity in the loading and the system parameters. The stochastic finite element method can be effectively used to model the random fields while carrying out such studies. This paper presents the details of stochastic finite element analysis of a five-storey three-bay reinforced concrete framed structure with open-storey subjected to standard seismic excitation. In the present study, only the stochasticity in the system parameters is considered. The stochastic finite element method used for carrying out the analysis is based on perturbation technique. Each random field representing the stochastic geometry/material property is discretised into correlated random variables using spatial averaging technique. The uncertainties in geometry and material properties are modelled using the first two moments of the corresponding parameters. In evaluating the stochastic response, the cross-sectional area and Young' modulus are considered as independent random fields. To study the influence of correlation length of random fields, different correlation lengths are considered for random field discretisation. The spatial expectations and covariances for displacement response at any time instant are obtained as the output. The effect of open-storey is modelled by suitably considering the stiffness of infilled walls in the upper storey using cross bracing. In order to account for changes in soil conditions during strong motion earthquakes, both fixed and hinged supports are considered. The results of the stochastic finite element based seismic analysis of reinforced concrete framed structures reported in this paper demonstrate the importance of considering the effect of open-storey with appropriate support conditions to estimate the realistic response of buildings subjected to earthquakes.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2002년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.490-493
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• 2002

현재 지구상에서 운영되고 있는 상당수의 서버들은 유닉스 기반이며, 최근엔 리눅스 기반의 서버도 꾸준히 증가하고 있는 추세다. 이러한 서버에 계정을 가진 사용자들이 원격접속을 하고자 할 때 가장 쉽게 사용하는 명령어가 telnet인데, 이는 통신 내용은 물론 로그인시 사용하는 ID와 비밀번호에 대해서도 전혀 보안이 이루어지지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 대안으로 최근 SSH에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있지만, SSH가 telnet의 명성을 따라 잡기엔 여러 가지 문제점을 안고 있다. 따라서 OpenSSH를 중심으로 윈도우 사용자가 원격접속을 시도했을 때 발생할 수 있는 문제점들과 그 해결책에 관하여 연구하였다.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.91-116
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• 2004

본 연구는 국내 도서관에서의 오픈액세스 지식정보저장소 구축을 위한 기초연구를 목적으로 수행되었다. 기관에서 구축한 지식정보저장소는 개별기관 소속 교수나 연구자에 의해 생산된 지식정보자원을 오픈액세스 패러다임에 기초하여 수집, 관리, 배포, 보존하기 위한 새로운 개념이다. 이에 지식정보저장소의 필요성, 역할, 구성요소, 구축 장애요인 등을 고찰한 후 SHERPA, Dspace, eDoc Server, dCollection 등 국내외의 대표적인 사례를 살펴보았다. 또한 지식정보저장소 구축 모형 및 이를 성공적으로 구현하기 위한 고려사항을 참여집단별로 제안하였다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.210-216
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• 1996

Assessment of science laboratory environment was conducted with 539 students at middle and high school. Science Laboratory Environment Inventory(SLEI) was used as an instrument. The major findings of this study are as follows. 1. Mean scores obtained on each scale in the actual and preferred version of SLEI were relatively low, particularly on the scale of open-endedness, integration, and material environment. 2. Mean scores obtained on each scale in the actual version were lower than those in the preferred version. Score differences between actual version and preferred one were found to be significant statistically. 3. Boys and high school students perceived their laboratory environment with more open-endedness and less rule clarity than girls and middle school students respectively. 4. Girls preferred student cohesiveness at their laboratory more than boys. Highschool students wanted open-ended environment more than middleschool students. 5. Each scale of SLEI showed significant correlation with the scores of attitudes toward science. Particularly open-endedness was found to account for a significant contribution to the affective outcomes.

• 논리연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.307-335
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• 2015

논증의 타당성에 대한 덤밋과 프라위츠의 증명론적 정의의 핵심사항 중의 하나는 열린 논증은 그 전제들에 대한 타당한 논증들을 그 결론에 대한 타당한 논증으로 전환하는 효과적인 방법이 있을 경우 타당하다는 조건이다. 그러나 그들의 정의에서 이 조건은 적절한 의미에서 결정 불가능한 전제들을 지니는 열린 논증들은 모두 사소하게 타당하게 된다는 부적절한 귀결을 지닌다. 필자는 프라위츠의 정의를 중심으로 증명론적 타당성 개념을 설명한 후, 이에 대한 사소성 문제를 제기하고 검토할 것이며, 이에 의거하여 프라위츠의 정의에 대한 수정안을 제시할 것이다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.656-664
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• 2015

This study analyzes the performance of power-line communications for sending open automated demand response (OpenADR) signals. In particular, we study main channel disturbances that can affect end-to-end communications and which have not been previously studied in detail. Our analysis takes into account physical phenomena, such as background and impulsive noise sources, channel attenuation, and multipath effects, and considers the physical, network, and applications layers of the communications structure. The performance of the physical layer is the basis for computing the packet error rate. In analyzing application performance, we focus specifically on the latency in several communication environments. If a channel is impaired only by background noise, latencies are less than 40 seconds. With the addition of impulsive noise in the channel, this value increases as long as 68 seconds. Using these figures, we find that power-line technology is more suitable for "slow" demand programs, such as day-ahead or day-of curtailments, rather than ancillary services markets, which require near-real-time communication.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.361-371
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• 2010

In recent, interests regarding open source software for geo-spatial processing are increasing. Open source remote sensing (OSRS) is regarded as one of the progressing and advanced fields in remote sensing. Nevertheless, analyses or application cases regarding OSRS are not enough for general uses or references. In this study, three kinds of OSRS software in consideration of international popularity, types of functionalities, and development environments are taken into account: OSSIM, Opticks, and ORFEO Toolbox (OTB). First, functional comparison with respect to these is carried out on the level of the preliminary survey. According to this investigation, OTB is chosen as the most applicable OSRS software in this study. Running on OTB, NIX format importing module and database connecting module are implemented for widely general uses and further application. As for an example case, airborne image of NIX format is used to region growing segmentation algorithm in OTB, and then the results are stored and retrieved in PostGIS database to test implemented modules. Conclusively, local customization and algorithm development using OSRS software are necessary to build on-demand applications from the developers' viewpoint.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제49권
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• pp.89-109
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• 2011

Among various export financing, forfaitng and factoring give a comfort to exporters as those special financing schemes are extended to them on a without recourse basis. This is good for the exporters in terms of financing and risk cover of buyer or LC issuing banks. To enjoy this benefit, the SME exporters should, however, know the risks involved in sales contract. For example, if the export and importer set Korean law as governing law in the sales contract especially for open account exports, the exporter's receivables might be not welcome by factors according to provisions of Korean Conflict Law and it's application. Those regulations tell that the factor's position would be unstable when the sales contact limit exporter's assignment of receivables to the factor when the sales contract is subject to Korean law. Also the exporters should know related regulation of importer which might affect the assignment of receivables as well. This paper suggests the Korean exporters take internationally recognized agreement/convention such as UNI|DROIT Convention on International Factoring, UN Convention on the Assignment of Receivables in International Trade.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.153-171
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• 2021

Purpose This study is to phenomenologically discover key antecedents and outcomes of behavioral process of SNS users who have multiple SNS sub-accounts. Unlike previous studies that focused on user behavior in the context of a specific SNS platform, this study attempts to describe how and why individual manages their multiple sub-accounts across a variety of SNS platforms. Design/methodology/approach By applying the grounded theory methodology (GTM) to elucidate the unique behavior in SNS platforms, this study has conducted in-depth interview with 14 respondents who handle multiple accounts across the SNS platforms. As a results of analyzing the interview manuscripts, this study has extracted 47 concepts, 10 sub-categories and 6 main categories by conducting open coding, axis coding, and selective coding. Findings By analyzing interview data, this study has derived main categories such as account management, impression management, self-categorization, authority to determine the relationship, digital shadow work, and portfolio SNS accounts from qualitative interview data. This study has also conducted a process analysis that represents how main categories could be inter-related. Based on findings, this study provides a new phenomenological perspective to understand the behavioral process of SNS users' sub-account usage experience.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2009

물가상승률과 실업률을 합한 수치를 미저리 지수(misery index)라고 칭한다. 미저리 지수가 높을수록 국민경제의 성과는 저조한 것을 나타낸다. Lee and Cheong (2007)은 미저리 지수에 경상수지의 GDP대비 비율(%)을 합한 수치를 개방 미저리 지수로 정의하였으며, 동 지수가 개방도가 높은 경제의 성과를 잘 나타낼 수 있다고 주장하였다. 본 논문은 미국에서 개방 미저리 지수가 증가하는 시기는 미국경제의 성과가 저조한 때와 일치한다는 것을 보인다. 특히 2008년에 시작된 현재의 경제위기 이전에 약 10년간 지속적으로 개방 미저리 지수가 상승하는 추세임을 보여준다. 이는, 미국의 현 경제위기에 앞서 지난 10여년간 미국경제의 내부 및 외부불균형이 누적되어 왔음을 보여주는 것이다. 본 논문은 이와 같이 최근의 증가하는 추세의 개방 미저리 지수를 현재의 경제위기의 전조로 해석한다.