• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.377-389
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to obtain the symbolic meaning of the priestly costume through the Bible. Based on corroborative the Bible, this thesis analyzes the costume of priest. This compares the two onyx stones on the shoulder pieces with four rows of precious stones on the breastpiece. This era falls on about from the 15th century before Christ. It was found that the breastpiece was a piece of the same multicolored linen as in the ephod, a span square when folded double. It symbolizes righteousness. It hung on the high priest's chest, supported by two golden chains attached to the shoulder clasps. It symbolizes love. On the breastpiece were twelve beautiful jewels, arranged in four rows of three jewels, each jewel symbolizing one of the tribes of Israel. The variety of jewels on the breastpiece suggests the variety of people. Urim is the Hebrew word for 'lights' and therefore would logically be associated with bright or white stones. Thummim is the Hebrew word for 'perfection'. The high priest's ephod was made of gold, and of blue, purple, and scarlet yam, and of finely twisted linen. The golden yam symbolizes faith. The robe of the ephod was made entirely of blue cloth. The blue color symbolizes an obligation and life. The robe of the ephod symbolizes calling and dignity. The woven tunic symbolizes holy duty.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.168-170
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• 2014

Dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is very rare, acquired lesion that may present with intracranial hemorrhage or neurological deficits. The etiology is not completely understood but dural AVF often has been associated with thrombosis of the involved dural sinuses. To our knowledge, this is the first well documented intracranial hemorrhage case caused by dural AVF following microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm. A 49-year-old male patient had left microvascular decompression of anterior inferior cerebellar artery via retrosigmoid suboccipital craniotomy. The patient was in good condition without any residual spasm or surgery-related complications. However, after 10 months, he suffered sudden onset of amnesia and dysarthria. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed the presence of dural AVF around the left transverse-sigmoid sinus. The dural AVF was treated with Onyx$^{(R)}$ (ev3) embolization. At the one-year follow up visit, there were no evidence of recurrence and morbidity related to dural AVF and its treatment. This case confirms that the acquired etiology of dural AVF may be associated with retrosigmoid suboccipital craniotomy for hemifacial spasm, even though it is an extremely consequence of this procedure.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.793-805
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• 2018

At the beginning of the $20^{th}$ century, Cartier developed Art Deco jewelry designs that have been used as design inspirations to this day. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of the Art Deco jewelry designs of Cartier in the early $20^{th}$ century. Regarding the research method, this study explored the jewelry designs from 1904 to 1939 by extracting 288 analysis subjects from Cartier's exhibitions, auction picture books, and foreign books, and analyzed the characteristics in terms of design motifs, colors and materials. The results of the study are as follows. Regarding the design motifs, 73% were geometric motifs, and 66% were a combination of circular shapes and polygons, the most frequent. In terms of colors, 69% were chromatic in color, and vivid colors were mostly used in the order of red (24%), - green (19%), and - blue (14%). Of the materials, 92% of the metals consisted of platinum, and gemstones were used in the order of diamonds (41%), - onyx (13%), - emeralds (11%), - rubies (9%), and - sapphires (8%). In the early $20^{th}$ century, Cartier's Art Deco jewelry designs featured abstract and geometric motifs, vivid colors and strong contrasts, platinum and precious gemstones. This study is meaningful in that it explores the competitiveness of Cartier's designs and provides practical ideas to combine Art Deco style with contemporary jewelry designs successfully.

• 복식
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.53-65
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• 2001

The major purpose of this study is to obtain the evident and visual structure of costume of priest with symbol through the Old Testament. Based on corroborative the Old Testament, this thesis analyzes the costume of priest. This compares Aaron with his sons. This compares the two onyx stones on the shoulder pieces with four rows of precious stones on the breastpiece. This compares the robe with the woven tunic. This era falls on about from the 15th century before Christ. The crafts men whom God have endowed with skill make the vestments. Due to the christian religion, the body was entirely concealed. The costume of priest were not only used as dignity but also grandeur. According to the Old Testament the colour of the costume has signified not only the colour sense but also important symbolic meanings. The priest wore, over undergarments, a woven tunic, and he wore over the tunic, a robe, an ephod, a breastpiece, a sash, using a turban as head covering. Gold, and blue, purple and scarlet yarn, and fine linen are used. Aaron and his sons must wear them whenever they enter the Tent of Meeting or approach the altar to minister in the Holy Place, so that they will not incur guilt and die.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 1997년도 Proceedings International Workshop on New Video Media Technology
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• pp.95-100
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• 1997

In this paper, we report a system specifications of Hi-resolution and four-screen stereo image projection system which was established in VBL(Venture Business Laboratory) at Tokyo Institute of Technology on 3rd July 1996. The system is 3m $\times$ 3m $\times$2.2m rectangular parallelepiped composed of three 150inch side screens and floor. Host computers can generate virtual environment s in real-time and four projecters project these images to the screens. Viewers are, therefore, surrounded by these screens and an illusion of immersion can be created. Because, the views of users are completely covered with the projection images and many kinds of interactive devices can be used in this system. Moreover, many users can have experience the virtual environments at the same time. Usually, this kind of system uses hi-performance graphics workstations for host computers. One is SGI(Silicon Graphics, Inc.) Onyx with 3 Reality Engines. The other system is 4 personal computers. Because hi-performance and low price graphics accelerators for personal computer have been developed in these years, the abilities of VR(Virtual Reality) systems based on personal computers should be investigated.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.8-12
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• 2022

Recently, research on applying composite materials to various industrial fields is being actively conducted. In particular, composite materials fabricated by Fused Deposition Modeling 3D printers have more advantages than existing materials as they have fewer restrictions on manufacturing shape, reduce the time required, weight. With these advantages, it is possible to consider utilizing composite materials in cryogenic environments such as the application of liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen, which are mainly used in an aerospace and mobility. However, FDM composite materials are not verified in cryogenic environments less than 150K. This study evaluates the characteristics of composite materials such as tensile strength and strain using a UTM (Universal Testing Machine). The specimen is immersed in liquid nitrogen (77 K) to cool down during the test. The specimen is fabricated using 3D print, and can be manufactured by stacking reinforced fibers such as carbon fiber, fiber glass, and aramid fiber (Kevlar) with base material (Onyx). For the experimental method and specimen shape, international standards ASTM D638 and ASTM D3039 for tensile testing of composite materials were referenced.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.137-143
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• 2022

Composite materials, being light-weight and of high mechanical strength, are increasingly used in various industries such as the aerospace, automobile, sporting-goods manufacturing, and ship-building industries. Recently, manufacturing of composite materials using 3D printers has increased. 3D-printed composite materials are made in free-form and adapted for end-use by adjusting the fiber content and orientation. However, research on the machining of 3D printed composite materials is limited. The aim of this study is to develop a machine learning method to select machining conditions for machining of 3D-printed composite materials. The composite material was composed of Onyx and carbon fibers and stacked sequentially. The experiments were performed using the following machining conditions: spindle speed, feed rate, depth of cut, and machining direction. Cutting forces of the different machining conditions were measured by milling the composite materials. PCA, a method of machine learning, was developed to select the machining conditions and will be used in subsequent experiments under various machining conditions.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.191-194
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• 2011

Objective : The aim of this study was to analyze the treatment outcome of patients with vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations (VGM). Methods : Clinical and angiographic data of six consecutive patients with VGM were retrospectively reviewed. VGMs were angiographically classified by Yasargil's method. Treatment outcomes were evaluated. Results : Mean age at initial treatment was $4.4{\pm}5.7$ months. Angiographic types of VGMs were type II in two patients and type III in four. Three patients had cardiac symptoms and the others were asymptomatic. Two patients were treated with transvenous embolization, three with transarterial embolization, and one was managed conservatively. Two patients died due to venous hypertension few days after transvenous approach. Of three patients who were transarterially embolized, one was completely occluded with Onyx and two were incompletely occluded. During the follow-up period (range, one to six years) two of three patients treated with transarterial approach were asymptomatic and the other showed mild symptoms. One patient who was managed conservatively showed normal performance. Conclusion : Transarterial embolization of VGMs may be better than transvenous approach in terms of the treatment outcome and complication. Further studies are needed because of the rarity of the disease and rapid advancement of endovascular techniques.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2019

Objective : To describe our experiences with a fully equipped high-end digital subtraction angiography (DSA) system within a hybrid operating room (OR). Methods : A single-plane DSA system with 3-dimensional rotational angiography, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and real-time navigation software was used in our hybrid OR. Between April 2014 and January 2018, 191 sessions of cerebrovascular procedures were performed in our hybrid OR. After the retrospective review of all cases, the procedures were categorized into three subcategorical procedures : combined endovascular and surgical procedure, complementary rescue procedure during intervention and surgery, and frameless stereotaxic operation. Results : Forty-nine of 191 procedures were performed using hybrid techniques. Four cases of blood blister aneurysms and a ruptured posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm were treated using bypass surgery and endovascular trapping. Eight cases of ruptured aneurysm with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) were treated by partial embolization and surgical clipping. Six cases of ruptured arteriovenous malformation with ICH were treated by Onyx embolization of nidus and subsequent surgical removal of nidus and ICH. Two (5.4%) of the 37 cases of pre-mature rupture during clipping were secured by endovascular coil embolization. In one (0.8%) complicated case of 103 intra-arterial thrombectomy procedures, emergency surgical embolectomy with bypass surgery was performed. In 27 cases of ICH, frameless stereotaxic hematoma aspiration was performed using $XperGuide^{(R)}$ system (Philips Medical Systems, Best, the Netherlands). All procedures were performed in single sessions without any procedural complications. Conclusion : Hybrid OR with a fully equipped DSA system could provide precise and safe treatment strategies for cerebrovascular diseases. Especially, we could suggest a strategy to cope flexibly in complex lesions or unexpected situations in hybrid OR. CBCT with real-time navigation software could augment the usefulness of hybrid OR.