• 트랜스-
• /
• 제7권
• /
• pp.103-121
• /
• 2019

다큐멘터리 영화에서 인터뷰가 전혀 없는 경우도 있지만 인터뷰가 있는 경우 연출자는 인터뷰를 활용하여 본인의 주장을 제시하고 관객들이 그것을 따르게끔 유도한다. 인터뷰는 인물 중심의 다큐멘터리에서 전반적인 내용을 이끌어나가는 경우가 많기 때문에 무엇보다 중요한 역할을 차지한다. 어떤 연출가는 일반 대화 형식의 인터뷰 스타일로서 연출자의 질문과 인터뷰이의 답변이 모두 드러나는 형식의 인터뷰를 선호한다. 반대로 연출자의 질문은 배재된 채 인터뷰이의 답변으로만 스토리를 전개시켜나가는 방식을 채택하는 연출자들도 있다. 그렇다면 우리는 두 가지 방법을 사용한 다큐멘터리 스타일을 파악하여 새로운 시각을 통한 관람이 필요할 것이다. 다큐멘터리 영화 제작에서는 윤리적 쟁점이 항상 중심이 되고 "사실"을 토대로 한다는 전재가 있기 때문에 다큐멘터리가 지니고 있는 영향력은 매우 크다. 그러나 이러한 '사실'이 과장되거나 조작될 수 있는 부분은 존재한다. 그렇기에 관객들은 다큐멘터리 제작자의 의도를 파악하는 것이 좋을 것이다. 또한 다큐멘터리에 관한 연구는 지금까지 끊임없이 논의되고 있지만 이러한 인터뷰가 다큐멘터리 영화에서 어떤 방식으로 사용되고 있는지에 대한 언급은 찾아보기 힘들다. 실제로 두 종류의 다큐멘터리는 인터뷰 연출방식에서부터 큰 차이를 보이기 때문에 이러한 차이점이 어떤 측면에서 두드러지게 나타나는지를 살펴보는 것이 다큐멘터리의 본질을 파악하고 이해하는데 우선적으로 필요할 것이다. 이 연구에서는 마이클 무어 감독의 <볼링 포 콜롬바인>(2002)과 <식코>(2007)를 바탕으로 인터뷰에서의 감독의 질문 형태를 분석하고 감독의 목소리가 개입이 될 경우 인터뷰의 흐름이 어떤 방식으로 바뀔 수 있는 지를 살펴본다. 반대로 감독의 목소리가 배제된 채 인터뷰이의 말로만 내용이 구성되어있는 김일란과 홍지유 감독의 <두개의 문>(2011)과 Jim Butterworth, Aeron Lubarsky, Lisa Sleeth 감독의 <서울기차>(2005), 그리고 팀 헤더링톤과 세바스찬 정거 감독의 <레스트레포>(2010)에서의 인터뷰를 바탕으로 디졸브, 크로스 커팅, 플래시백 등의 편집 기술이 감독의 주관적인 입장을 어떻게 대변하는지 연구해보고 그에 따른 표현 양식을 분석한다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.334-344
• /
• 2020

연엽산 산지계류의 저서성 대형무척추동물은 총 24과 44종 658개체가 확인되었으며, 참납작하루살이(Ecdyonurus dracon Kluge)가 13%로 우점하였다. 서식습성군으로는 붙는 무리(56%), 굴파는 무리(19%), 헤엄치는 무리(14%) 및 기는 무리(56%)의 총 4군집이 확인되었고, 1개소(UP1)를 제외한 모든 조사지점에서 붙는 무리가 우점한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 서식특성은 서식처의 유속, 수심, 계상재료 등 수리학적 요인과 용존산소, 수온 등 수질 요인에 따라 달라지며, 유수가 정체하는 소(pool)보다는 유속이 빠른 여울(riffle, step-riffle)에서 그 차이가 나타났다. 즉, 여울에서는 수심과 관계없이 계상의 유속이 빠르고 계상재료의 중앙입경과 최대입경이 클수록 서식처에서 붙는 무리가, 유속이 느리고 계상재료의 중앙입경과 최대입경이 작은 서식처에서 굴파는 무리와 기는 무리가 우점하였다. 또한, 용존산소와 유속은 정의 상관관계(y = 0.6666x - 0.659, R² = 0.0851)에 있으며, 굴파는 무리가 기는 무리와 붙는 무리보다 더 넓은 범위에 서식하는 것으로 나타났다. 수심이 얕을수록 일사량에 대한 수온의 민감도가 크기 때문에 수심과 수온은 부의 상관관계(y = -26.397x + 283.87, R² = 0.1802)를 보였으며, pH와 수온은 정의 상관관계가 나타났다. 한편, pH와 용존산소의 관계를 상·하류로 구분하여 서식특성을 파악한 결과, 군집과 상관없이 울페도가 68%로 높았던 상류에서는 높은 용존산소값과 낮은 pH를, 울페도가 51%로 상대적으로 낮았던 하류에서는 낮은 용존산소값과 높은 pH가 나타나, 계안림에 의한 부착조류의 증식과 수온상승을 억제하는 역할을 한 것으로 판단된다. 이 연구는 산지계류에 있어서 저서성 대형무척추동물의 서식특성을 파악함으로써, 산지계류가 청정지역으로 인식되어 연구 대상으로서의 관심도가 낮았던 부분의 자료를 보완하였다. 따라서 향후 산지계류의 보호 및 관리 측면에서의 연구 방안 마련과 학술적인 가치를 높이기 위한 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.164-179
• /
• 1991

Korean agriculture has encountered two problems. One is internal income disparity between rural and urbarn area and the other is external Uruguay Round trade problems as an abolition of direct and indirect import barriers, reduction in export subsidies and to reduce internal price supports. These problems will be brought severe farm problems such as decreasing farm household income and repressing agricultural growth in the near future. Considering the above inevitable facts Korean government has implemented several development projects such as rural industrial area development project, rural special production area development project, leisuresight seeing farm development project, traditional food development project, unskilled labor training project for off-farm employment and so on, to increase farm household income through off-farm income increase. This study was mainly concentrated on the identification of operational problems and post evaluation of the rural special production area development projects which aimed at increasing non-farm incomes and giving employment opportunity for rural farmers in small factories processing regional special farm products and mine products. The main findings and problems to be solved for the successful project implementation are as followed ; 1. Total number of the special production area development projects as of the end of 1991 was amount to 138, and total number of farm household participated were estimated at 2,079, and total amount of off-farm income per farm household was reached to 3,011 thousand won. 2. The total number of processed special products have increased from 21 items in 1981 to 56 items in 1991. On the other hand the total number of farm household participated in the projects have decreased from 2,518 to 2,079 during same period. 3. Total amount of investment for the projects has increased from 1,429 million won in 1981 to 24,760 million won in 1991 but the rate of G'T loan of the total investment has reduced from 24.5% to 5.2% during same period. 4. 138 special production area development project are classified into 6 kinds of commodity groups such as 19 of general industrial good production areas, 52 of folks-industrial art objects production areas, 39 of food processing areas, 9 of fiber and texstile processing areas, 18 of agricultural and fishery inputs processing areas and 1 of stone processing area. 5. The total production value in 1990 was estimated 20,169 million won of which export was amount to 2,627 million won. 6. The finacial rate of return of the UNGOK KUGIJA Tea processing Project operated by UNGOK coops and BAKSAN ginseng tea processing project were estimated at 45.4% (B/C Ratio=1.17, NPV=152.5 million won) and 17.7% (B/C Ratio=1.12, NPV=120.2 million won) respectively. 7. More favorite terms and condition of the loan including collateral problems have to be given to farmers participated. Heavy investment and G'T subsidy policies should be started for the successful project implementation anf farm household income increase. 8. To expand market demand of the rural special goods G'T have to provide special program of TV or other mass media for commodity propaganda and the total cost concerned must be supported by G'T subsidy. 9. The special farm products as GUGUJA,MOSI'Ramie', Ginseng. SOGOKJU,HEMP,Mushroom.DUGYUNJU and Chesnut processing projects have to be propelled and expanded for off-farm income increase in Chung Nam Province. 10. Direct operational pattern of the special production area by coops is more favorable to farmers and recommendable considering with off-farm income increase and market demand creation throughout Korea. 11. In rural area, special organizations for project appraisal are not exist. Accordingly special training program, project appraisal, formulation and preparation for civil servants concerned have to be prepared for project selection and sound implementation under limited budget and financial support.

• 한국임상약학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.29-39
• /
• 2003

Neurodegenerative disorders are associated with apoptosis as a causing factor or an inducer. On the other hand, it has been reported that epigallocatechin gallate (EUG), one of antioxidants and flavonoids, and z-VAD-fmk, a nonselective caspase inhibitor, suppress oxidative-radical-stress-induced apoptosis. However, it is not yet known what is the effects of EGCG and z-VAD-fmk on the apoptotic pathway is through phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) as well as mitochondria, caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). We investigated the effects of EGCG by using $H_2O_2$ treated N18D3 cells, mouse DRG hybrid neurons. Methods: Following 30 min $100\;{\mu}m\;H_2O_2$ exposure, the viability of N18D3 cells (not pretreated vs. EGCG or z-VAD-fmk pretreated) was evaluated by using MTT assay. The effect of EGCG on immunoreactivity (IR) of cytochrome c, caspase-3, PARP, PI3K/Akt and GSK-3 was examined by using Western blot, and was compared with that of z-Y4D-fmk. Results: EGCG or z-VAD-fmk pretreated N18D3 cells showed increased viability. Dose-dependent inhibition of caspase-3 activation accompanied by PARP cleavage were demonstrated by pretreatment of both agents. However, inhibition of cytochrome c release was only detected in EGCG pretreated N18D3 cells. On the pathway through PI3K/Akt and GSK-3, however, the result of Western blot in EGCG pretreated N18D3 cells showed decreased IR of Akt and GSK-3 and increased IR of p85a PI3K, phosphorylated Akt and GSK-3, and contrasted with that in z-VAD-fmk pretreated N18D3 cells showing no changes on each molecule. Conclusion: These data show that EGCG affects apoptotic pathway through upstream signal including PI3K/Akt and GSK-3 pathway as well as downstream signal including cytochrome c and caspase-3 pathway. Therefore, these results suggest that EGCG mediated activation of PI3K/Akt and inhibition GSK-B could be new potential therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases associated with oxidative injury.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.19-37
• /
• 2013

From the perspective of labor welfare, forty-hour-a-week working system:(FWS) has been an important goal throughout world, and in fact, advanced countries implemented this a long time ago. However, there are differences in opinions concerning FWS; some people emphasizes the improvement in life quality, while others point out that this measure increases the cost of wages and has limited effectiveness. Thus, discussions about the success of FWS have emerged from diverse perspectives; One thing that should be made clear before debating FWS is that reducing laborers' working hours is already a global trend, and Korea, also intends to extend it. Therefore, in order to maximize the benefits resulting from the execution of the system and to identify measures that can be used to solve the problems related to FWS, it is necessary to consider actual laborers' use of leisure resources and whether they have increased or decreased as a result of FWS. It is also necessary to look at the differences in workers' leisure activity with and without the system. To evaluate and diagnose FWS's political effect from the perspective of laborers' leisure satisfaction and improvements in life quality, this study examines differences in leisure expenses, leisure hours, use of and demand for leisure resources such as leisure space, and types of leisure activity, according to the execution of FWS, This research is based on the "2012 Survey on National Leisure Activity" conducted by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism. In addition, through analysis of the differences in leisure satisfaction and happiness levels, the study intends to confirm the necessity of executing FWS and ensuring that the system is in use. The study results can be briefly summed up as followa:: First, regarding the general findings of the study, a significant result was shown in terms of the execution of FWS according to income level. The finding that the execution of FWS works differently according to the working environment or life quality reassures us of the common notion in society that working environment or life quality may differ in relation to social characteristics. The utility of weekday leisure hours did not indicate a statistically significant difference, but in terms of weekend leisure hours, laborers practicing FWS had an additional 30 minutes of leisure time than those who did not. Furthermore, regarding leisure expenses, laborers practicing FWS indicated more monthly average leisure expenses or expected leisure expenses. In relation to leisure activity, those working at a company executing FWS engaged in culture and art activities more frequently than those working at the companies that did not. On the other hand, those working at companies without FWS indicated more hobbies, amusement activities, rest, and other activities than those working at the companies with FWS. In terms of vacation experience, those working at companies with FWS had more vacation time than those working at companies without it; on average, they had longer vacations by 1.64 days. Regarding their leisure life satisfaction and happiness level, those working at companies with FWS indicated higher satisfaction and greater happiness than those working at companies without it. The findings mentioned above represent the preliminary results of this paper, and the remainder of the research will provide more detailed analysis results and suggestions corresponding to them.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.186-192
• /
• 2009

목적: 위암 분야 전문 학술지인 대한위암학회지와 외과 대표 학술지인 대한외과학회지에 게재된 위암 외과 관련 논문들을 대상으로 이들의 연구 경향을 분석함으로써, 그간의 국내 외과 영역에서의 위암 연구들의 흐름을 살펴보고, 향후 방향점을 논의하고 미흡한 연구 부분에 대한 연구를 유도할 수 있는 효과와 창간 이후 대한위암학회지의 질적 양적인 향상이 있었는지에 대하여 간접적으로 평가해 보고 개선 방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 분석 대상은 2001년도부터 2008년도까지 8년간 위암 분야 전문 학술지인 대한위암학회지와 외과 대표 학술지인 대한외과학회지에 투고된 위암 연구에 관한 논문들로 하였다. 결과: 대한위암학회지와 대한외과학회지의 투고 논문의 경향을 보면, 전자의 경우에는 종설은 많았다가 점차 감소하는 추세를 보이다가 최근에 증가하였다. 후자는 8년간 총 6편만 발표되었고 전반적으로 종설에 대한 발표 편수가 적었다. 증례는 대한위암학회지에서는 점차 증가하다가 감소하는 추세를 보였고, 대한외과학회지에서는 매년 1~3편 전후로 전반적으로 낮은 추세로 비슷한 경향을 보였다. 독특하게도 보고서는 대한위암학회지에서만 2004~2005년도에 활발하였다. 후향적 연구는 대한위암학회지에서 초기에 많았다가 감소하다가 다시 증가하는 U자 형태를 보였고, 대한외과학회지에서는 초기에 잠시 증가하다가 감소하는 추세를 보였다. 전향적 연구는 대한위암학회지에서 점차 증가하다가 최근에 감소하는 추세를 보였고 대한외과학회지에서는 계속 감소 추세를 보였다. 위암의 생물학적 연구, 암표지자 연구, 유전자 연구는 두 학회지 모두 게재 비율이 낮았다. 결론: 앞으로의 연구의 방향은 후향적 연구에서 전향적 연구로 이행되어 가고, 임상적 연구보다는 기초에서 임상으로 이어지는 이행성 연구가 중시될 것이며, 단일 기관 또는 연구자 단독 연구보다는 다기관 또는 다학제간의 협력 연구가 더 높이 평가되고 지원되고 장려될 것으로 보인다.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.69-91
• /
• 1990

본고(本稿)에서는 1989년 1월에 시행된 관세율(關稅率) 조정(調整)이 산업별(産業別) 생산(生産), 수출입(輸出入), 물가지수(物價指數), 고용(雇傭) 등에 미치는 영향을 한국경제(韓國經濟)의 다부문(多部門) 일반균형(一般均衡)을 통하여 분석하였다. 분석결과에 의하면 관세율(關稅率)의 조정(調整)은 대부분의 산업(産業)에서 수입(輸入)과 수출(輸出)을 동시에 증가(增加)시키나 수입(輸入)의 증대가 수출(輸出)의 증대보다 더 커서 국제수지(國際收支)는 악화된다. 또한 관세율(關稅率) 조정(調整)은 명목국민(名目國民) 총생산(總生産)을 증대시키고 물가(物價)를 하락(下落)시킨다. 수입(輸入)의 증가율이 큰 산업(産業)으로는 의복, 혁제품, 나무제품 산업(産業)을 들 수 있으며 수출(輸出)은 대부분의 산업(産業)에서 증가하나 특히 수입(輸入)된 원자재(原資材)를 많이 사용하는 비철금속 1차제품, 혁제품, 석탄제품, 고무제품산업의 수출증가율(輸出增加率)이 높다. 산업별생산(産業別生産)을 보면 혁제품, 비철금속 1차제품, 화학제품, 종이 지제품, 목제품 등 일부 수입경쟁산업(輸入競爭産業)에서는 생산(生産)이 감소(減少)되나 기타의 산업(産業)에서는 생산(生産)이 증가된다. 일반적으로 수출(輸出)의 비중이 높은 산업(産業)에서 생산(生産) 및 고용(雇傭)의 증가율이 높다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
• /
• 제48권3호
• /
• pp.209-214
• /
• 2010

연구 목적: 본 연구의 목적은 골 유착된 임플란트에 인위적 비틀림을 가한 후 골 유착이 다시 일어나는지, 혹은 일어나지 않는지, 일어난다면 이전의 골유착보다 강화되는지, 약화되는지에 대해 알아보기 위함이다. 연구 재료 및 방법:상업적으로 순수한 티타늄 (commercial pure titanium 99%)으로 직경 3.75 mm, 길이 4 mm의 표면처리 없는 실험용 임플란트를 제작하였다. 3.0 kg이상의 뉴질랜드산 흰색 암컷 토끼 7마리의 좌우 경골에 제작한 임플란트를 2개씩 식립 후, 6주의 골유착 유도 기간 부여 후 비틀림 제거력을 측정한 경우를 I군으로, 다시 임플란트 고정체를 재위치시키고 봉합하여 4주간의 치유기간을 더 두고 측정한 경우를 II군으로 분류하였다. 광학현미경을 이용한 조직 형태학적 분석을 위하여, 1차 비틀림 제거력 측정 직후 1마리의 토끼를 희생시키고, 2차 비틀림 제거력 측정 직후 2마리의 토끼를 희생시켜 각각 4개, 7개의 시편을 제작하여, 광학현미경 (${\times}20$) 분석에서 골-임플란트 접촉 (Bone-Implant contact, BIC, %)비율과 치밀골 부위에 위치하는 임플란트의 나사산 수를 측정하여 CBa (Bone area in the cortical passage)비율을 측정하였다. 비틀림 제거력과 BIC및 CBa비율에서의 I군과 II군의 통계적 유의성 ($\alpha$=.05)을 평가하였다. 결과: 비틀림 제거력 측정에서 I군은 $10.8{\pm}3.6$ NCm로 측정되었으며, II군은 $20.2{\pm}9.7$ NCm로 측정되었으며, I군보다II군의 비틀림 제거력이 평균 98.1% 증가되었다 (P<.05). 조직 형태학적 분석에서 BIC와 CBa 비율은 I군과 II군 사이에 통계적 유의성을 나타내지 않았고 (P>.05), RT/BIC와 RT/CBa 값은 I군과 II군 사이에 통계적 유의성을 나타냈다 (P<.05). 결론: 임플란트 고정체에 의원성 비틀림 동요가 발생한 경우에 초기 골유착을 얻기 위해 필요로 했던 치유기간보다 짧은 기간 내에 이전보다 견고한 골유착을 얻을 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 마케팅과학연구
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.5-16
• /
• 2009

Against the backdrop of the increasing trend towards economic globalisation, many international firms are indicating that decisions on how to enter foreign markets remains one of the key strategic challenges confronting them. Despite the rich body of literature on the topic, the fact that these challenges have continued to dominate global marketing strategy discourses point to someevident lacunae. Accordingly, this paper considers the variables, categorised in terms of firm contexts (standardisation, market research, competition, structure, competitive advantage) and host country-contexts (economic development, cultural differences, regulation and political risk), which influence the degree of involvement of UK companies in overseas markets. Following hypotheses were drawn from literature review: H1: The greater the level of competition, the higher the degree of involvement in the overseas market. H2: The more centralised the firm's organisation structure, the higher the degree of involvement in the overseas market. H3a: The adoption of a low cost-approach to competitive advantage will lead to a higher degree of involvement. H3b: The adoption of an innovation-approach to competitive advantage will lead to a higher degree of involvement. H3c: The adoption of a market research approach to competitive advantages will lead to a higher degree of involvement. H3d: The adoption of a breadth of strategic target-approach to competitive advantage will lead to a lower degree of involvement. H4: The higher the degree of standardisation of the international marketing mix the higher the degree of involvement. H5: The greater the degree of economic development in the host market, the higher the degree of involvement. H6: The greater the cultural differences between home and host countries, the lower the degree of involvement. H7: The greater the difference in regulations between the home country and the host country, the lower the degree of involvement. H8: The higher the political risk in the host country, the lower the degree of involvement. A questionnaire instrument was constructed using, wherever possible, validated measures of the concepts to serve the aims of this study. Following two sets of mailings, 112 usable completed questionnaires were returned. Correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze data. Statistically, the paper suggests that factors relating to the level of competition, competitive advantages and economic development are strong in influencing foreign market involvements. On the other hand, unexpectedly, cultural factors (especially individualism/collectivism and low and high power distance dimensions) proved to have weak moderating effects. The reason for this, in part, is due to the pervading forces of globalisation and the attendant effect on global marketing. This paper has contributed to the general literature in a way that point to two mainimplications. First, with respect to research on national systems, the study may hold out some important lessons especially for developing nations. Most of these nations are known to be actively seeking to understand what it takes to attract foreign direct investment, expand domestic market and move their economies from the margin to the mainstream global economy. Second, it should be realised that competitive conditions remain in constant flux (even in mature industries and mature economies). This implies that a range of home country factors may be as important as host country factors in explaining firms' strategic moves and the degree of foreign market involvement. Further research can consider the impact of the home country environment on foreign market involvement decisions. Such an investigation will potentially provide further perspectives not only on the influence of national origin but also how home country effects are confounded with industry effects.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.89-102
• /
• 1978

Owing to the development of modern science, prolonging man's life, the sudden increase of population and betterment of the standard of living has increased health needs. In order to fulfill these health needs, more active plans for developing health should be made. Health education is one of the methods at hand that can improve the health behavior of the community and the individual through the contact of individuals with their groups. Proper understanding of the characteristics of the sampled group and participation of individuals within the community for the development of their health plan are needed for efficient health education. This study was attempted for the purpose of presenting some data helpful for pre-paring the fundamentals of a health education plan that can improve personal health maintenance practice of a community through efficient health education by investigating the relationship between the response of subjects to personal health maintenance practice and selected decisive factors in personal health maintenance practice. The subjects for this study were a systematic sample of 120 housewives selected from 600 housewives from B Zone Apt. Younhi-3-Dong in Seoul. Data was collected for 4 days from May 16th to May 19th, 1578 through personal interviews with questionnaires by well trained interviewers. Percentage, t-test and stepwise multiple regression analysis by use of EDPS were employed for statistical analysis. Results of this study can be summarized : 1. General characteristics of subjects Subjects over 20 and below 40 years of age formed 62.5% of the toed and the rest were subjects of 40 years and upward. 76.7% of the subjects have less than 4 children. 51.3% of the subjects had completed at least the senior high school course. 2. The response of subjects to personal health maintenance practice. Ratios of personal health maintenance practice to the maximum score for each category are as follows; 84.1% in the category of population and family planning, which was the highest ratio; 82.4% in the prevention of accidents; 68.0% in control of communicable disease; 67.8% in personal health care and habits of daily life, 64.3% in mental health and 52.5% in control of parasites, which was the lowest. 3. The response of subjects to selected decisive factors. in personal health maintenance practice. The arithmetic mean of the score for each decisive factor was as follows: the mutual relation between family members marked 18.33, which is under 73,3% of the maximum score; the degree of interest in health marked 34.48, 70.0% of the maximum score: the degree of utilization and demand for health care facilities marked 25.79 or 64.5% of the maximum score and health maintenance of the family marked 11.58, 43.6% of the maximum score. 4. The relationship between personal health maintenance practice and general characteristics of subjects. 1) There was a significant difference in the numbers of children. (t = 1.83, d.f. =117, p< 0.1) 2) There was a significant difference in the contact rates with mass-media, (t = 5.02, d.f. = 118, p< 0,05) 5. The multiple correlation between personal health maintenance practice and their selected decisive factors. 1) The factor“the degree of interest in health”could account for personal health maintenance practice in 43.6% of the sample. (R = 0.6602, R²= 0,4359, F = 91.1678, p< 0.001) 2) When the factor,“health maintenance of family”is added to this, it accounts for 51.2% of personal health maintenance practice. (R = 0.7158, R²= 0.5124, F = 61.4653, p< 0.001) 3) When the factor,“mutual relations between family members”is also included, it accounts for 53.7% of personal health maintenance practice. (R = 0.7324, R²= 0.5365, F = 44.7509, p< 0.001) 4) When the factor, “the degree of utilization and demand for health care facilities”is included, it accounts for 55.1% of personal health maintenance practice. (R = 0.7421, R²= 0.5507, F = 35.2430, p< 0.001).