• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.22-27
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• 2006

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical results of anterior and posterior stabilization by one stage posterolateral approach for the unstable fracture of thoracolumbar and lumbar spine. Methods : By posterolateral approach with curved skin incision, unilateral facet and pedicle were removed. Through this route, corpectomy was performed, and then this space was replaced with mesh cage filled up with autologous bone graft. Both side pedicle screw fixation was followed to upper and lower levels. Results : Six of seven patients of this study showed neurological improvement. The other one patient showed no neurological change. One patient had postoperative infection, another patient had postoperative kyphosis. The other patient had epidural hematoma on operation site after surgery. And all patinets on this study made to have spinal stability except one patient happened postoperative kyphosis. Conclusion : In the unstable fracture of thoracolumbar and lumbar spine, one stage anterior and posterior stabilization and fusion by posterolateral approach seems to be an effective procedure, if we have more care and supplementation.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.580-591
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• 2019

본 논문의 목적은 자율주행을 위하여 카메라와 라이다를 이용하여 객체를 검출하고 각 센서에서 검출된 객체를 late fusion 방식으로 융합을 하여 성능을 향상하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 카메라를 이용한 객체 검출은 one-stage 검출인 YOLOv3을, 검출된 객체의 거리 추정은 perspective matrix를, 라이다의 객체 검출은 K-means 군집화 기반 객체 검출을 각각 이용하였다. 카메라와 라이다 calibration은 PnP-RANSAC을 이용하여 회전, 변환 행렬을 구하였다. 센서 융합은 라이다에서 검출된 객체를 이미지 평면에 옮겨 Intersection over union(IoU)을 계산하고, 카메라에서 검출된 객체를 월드 좌표에 옮겨 거리, 각도를 계산하여 IoU, 거리 그리고 각도 세 가지 속성을 로지스틱 회귀를 이용하여 융합을 하였다. 융합을 통하여 각 센서에서 검출되지 않은 객체를 보완해주어 성능이 약 5% 증가하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.4439-4455
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• 2021

Compared with two-stage object detection algorithms, one-stage algorithms provide a better trade-off between real-time performance and accuracy. However, these methods treat the intermediate features equally, which lacks the flexibility to emphasize meaningful information for classification and location. Besides, they ignore the interaction of contextual information from different scales, which is important for medium and small objects detection. To tackle these problems, we propose an image pyramid network based on dual attention mechanism (DAIPNet), which builds an image pyramid to enrich the spatial information while emphasizing multi-scale informative features based on dual attention mechanisms for one-stage object detection. Our framework utilizes a pre-trained backbone as standard detection network, where the designed image pyramid network (IPN) is used as auxiliary network to provide complementary information. Here, the dual attention mechanism is composed of the adaptive feature fusion module (AFFM) and the progressive attention fusion module (PAFM). AFFM is designed to automatically pay attention to the feature maps with different importance from the backbone and auxiliary network, while PAFM is utilized to adaptively learn the channel attentive information in the context transfer process. Furthermore, in the IPN, we build an image pyramid to extract scale-wise features from downsampled images of different scales, where the features are further fused at different states to enrich scale-wise information and learn more comprehensive feature representations. Experimental results are shown on MS COCO dataset. Our proposed detector with a 300 × 300 input achieves superior performance of 32.6% mAP on the MS COCO test-dev compared with state-of-the-art methods.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.287-294
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• 1994

This study was to investigate the effects of electrofusion, activation and developmental stage of donor embryos on in vitro development of nuclear transplant bovine embryos. A single blastomere nucleus from 8-cell to morula stage embryos produced by in vitro fertilization(IVF) was transferred into a recipient oocyte enucleated at 23∼25 h after in vitro maturation(IVM) or into a recipient oocyte enucleated and cultured for 14∼15 h. In one experiment the nuclear transplant embryos were subjected to additional activation treatments. Fusion rate of nuclear transplant eggs was high at direct current(D.C) voltages of 1.0 and 1.5 kV/cm 991.5 and 93.3%, respectively), but decreased at 2.0kV/cm (81.8%). Additional activation treatments by electric pulases or 7% ethanol did not affect the cleavage and development of nuclear transplant embryos. Development of nuclear transplant embryos slightly increased by delayed nuclear transfer and fusion (42∼43 h after IVM). With this system, blastocysts were obtained from transfer of 8-cell to morula stage donor nuclei (9.6%∼2.4%). The result of this study suggests that nucleo-cytoplasmic interactins, expecially activation of ooplast are very important for the development of nuclear transplant embryos, and donor cell stage does not affect the development of nuclear transplant embryos.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2003년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.549-555
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• 2003

The technology of machine condition monitoring is used effectively to detect the machine faults at an early stage using different machine quantities, such as current, voltage, temperature and vibration. Induction motors are most widely used to drive pumps, compressors and fans in industrial drives. This paper presents approach to data fusion using Dempster-Shafer theory because only one technique has uncertainty. So we can obtain advanced accuracy of the machine fault diagnosis. Vibration and current quantities are applied to diagnose three-phase induction motor.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.13-17
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• 1972

Rice callus was treated with 0.56M sucrose solution mixed with 5% pectinase and 10% cellulase, and the protoplasts isolated were transferred to 0.25 M sodium nitrate to induce protoplasmic fusion. Callus tissues were macerated well and degradation of cell walls also proceeded satisfactorily. When the protoplasts were transferred to sodium nitrate solution, many giant roundish protoplasts and some multilobed complex protoplasmic bodies were observed. Most of the fusions took place immediately after the protoplasts were transferred to sodium nitrate. Some multilobed protoplasts which failed to fuse in the initial stage took longer time, about two hours, to get completely fused and rounded-off. Multilobed protoplasmic bodies were invariably multinucleate, while giant round protoplasts had either several nuclei or had one nucleus of large size. Nuclear fusion, also, seemed to occur immediately after the protoplasts were transferred to sodium nitrate.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.3099-3103
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• 2014

TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusions in prostate cancer have a dominant prevalence of approximately 50.0%, but infomration is limited on differences among ethnic and geographical groups. Some studies focusing on Japanese and Korean patients reported a lower incidence. Investigations concerning Chinese revealed controversial results. We evaluated TMPRSS2:ERG, TMPRSS2:ETV1 and TMPRSS2:ETV4 fusions in more than 100 Eastern Chinese prostate cancer patients. Paraffin blocks of needle biopsy and radical prostatectomy were collected from 91 and 18 patients respectively. All patients' clinicopathologic factors were gathered. TMPRSS2:ERG, TMPRSS2:ETV1 and TMPRSS2:ETV4 fusions were tested by multi-probe fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay. TMPRSS2:ERG fusions was present in 14.3% biopsy specimens and 11.1% radical prostatectomy patients. Neither TMPRSS2:ETV1 nor TMPRSS2:ETV4 fusion was found in any case. Altogether, 13 (86.7%) TMPRSS2:ERG fusion positive cases possessed deletion pattern and 7 (46.6%) and insertion pattern. Some 5 cases had both deletion and insertion patterns. While 38.5% (5/13) patients with deletion pattern had distant metastasis, except for one metastatic case harboring both deletion and insertion, there were no patients with insertion pattern accompanied with metastasis. There were no differences between fusion positive and negative cases in the distribution of age, PSA, Gleason score and TNM stage. Eastern Chinese prostate cancer patients have a significantly low incidence of TMPRSS2:ERG fusion. They also lack TMPRSS2:ETV1 and TMPRSS2:ETV4 fusion. There are more deletion pattern than insertion pattern in TMPRSS2:ERG positive cases. Fusion positive and negative patients have no clinicopathologic factor differences.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.1034-1037
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• 2015

In recent years in the field of robotics, various methods have been developed to create an intimate relationship between people and robots. These methods include speech, vision, and biometrics recognition as well as gesture-based interaction. These recognition technologies are used in various wearable devices, smartphones and other electric devices for convenience. Among these technologies, gesture recognition is the most commonly used and appropriate technology for wearable devices. Gesture recognition can be classified as contact or noncontact gesture recognition. This paper proposes contact gesture recognition with IMU and EMG sensors by using the hidden Markov model (HMM) twice. Several simple behaviors make main gestures through the one-stage HMM. It is equal to the Hidden Markov model process, which is well known for pattern recognition. Additionally, the sequence of the main gestures, which comes from the one-stage HMM, creates some higher-order gestures through the two-stage HMM. In this way, more natural and intelligent gestures can be implemented through simple gestures. This advanced process can play a larger role in gesture recognition-based UX for many wearable and smart devices.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.384-393
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• 2017

Fusion of teeth is a developmental anomaly. It occurs at the stage of tooth formation, which determines the shape and size of the tooth crown, when one or more teeth fuse at the dentin level during the morphodifferentiation of the dental germs. Such teeth show macrodontia and may cause crowding, as well as esthetic and endodontic problems. In this article, we report a rare case of a maxillary central incisor fused to a supernumerary tooth showing labial and palatal talon cusps, which was orthodontically moved across the midpalatal suture. A 13-year-old Caucasian boy sought treatment for the unesthetic appearance of his maxillary central incisor and anterior crowding. He was rehabilitated successfully via a multidisciplinary approach involving orthodontic, nonsurgical endodontic, periodontal, and prosthodontic treatments. After a 26-month treatment period, the patient's macroesthetics and microesthetics were improved. The overall improvement of this macrodontic tooth and its surrounding tissues through multidisciplinary treatment was documented using cone-beam computed tomography.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.3044-3046
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• 2000

A Stereo matching has been an important tool for reconstructing three dimensional terrain. In this stereo matching process, DEM(Digitai Elevation Map) can be generated by the disparity from reference image to target image. Generally disparity map in matching process can be implemented by wraping from reference image to target image and if the role of reference and target is interchanged, the different DEM can be obtained. To evaluate the generated DEM from matching process, We adapted the Photorealistic synthetic image generator using ray tracing technique. The generator produce two simulated image from previous DEM and Ortho-image which is regard as Ground-truth. In this paper, we are concern about estimating more accurate DEM from these two DEMs. The several fusion methods of two DEMs are proposed to generate accurate DEM and compared with previous method. one of fusion methods is by using Cross-Correlation match score and the true DEM should have a high matching score.