• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.135-146
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to improve EMS-System in Korea through the research in EMS-System of advanced country. The response time is defined as the interval from the time of call receipt to the time of scene arrival. The important factor was to shorten moving distance of ambulance. It should be considered to accomplish this factor that the vehicle must be increased and the convenient location chosen for optimizing of service area. The transport of emergency patients carried out almost by 119 Emergency Medical Service but out of all the employees at 119 EMS only 11.3% have own qualified EMT degree. They should be employed more and more specially at 119 EMS for a superior level of emergency medical care for civilian. In America, EMT can take care of emergency patients following the order from medical Director at the scene of accident. But in Germany, prehospital care was emphasized from the beginning and, in those days, a medical doctor was sent for treatment of emergency patients at the scene, the so-called a Rendezvous system. Hierby this study makes the suggestion to improve the EMS-System, it is effective to use the medical Director system in America and furthermore a Rendezvous system in Germany. The functional integratin and unification of the report system as well as enough personal and equipmental elements saved together invaluable lives.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.877-891
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm for rendering motion-blurred shadows utilizing a depth-time ranges shadow map. First, we render a scene from a light source to generate a shadow map. For each pixel in the shadow map, we store a list of depth-time ranges. Each range has two points defining a period where a particular geometry was visible to the light source and two distances from the light. Next, we render the scene from the camera to perform shadow tests. With the depths and times of each range, we can easily sample the shadow map at a particular receiver and time. Our algorithm runs entirely on GPUs and solves various problems encountered by previous approaches.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.124-134
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• 2022

Based on existing research, the psychological state of Chinese students has become a very significant issue that needs to be resolved. In addition to paying attention to the daily life and study of Chinese students, the psychological problems of Chinese students are also worthy of attention. At the same time, if the existing psychological problems are not resolved in time, serious consequences may result. Based on the ART(Attention Restoration Theory) theory, this article uses VR (Virtual Reality) content as a medium, uses 3D modeling software to build a healing scene that helps Chinese students improve their psychological and emotional state, and presents it in a VR device. To achieve the purpose of improving the psychological and emotional state of Chinese students. According to experimental tests, the VR recovery scene constructed by this method can help improve the psychological mood of Chinese international students who already have subliminal depression. The results of independent sample T-tests after data analysis experiments show that after the intervention of the experiment, the depression of the experimental group is significantly improved compared to the control group. It is proved that the method in this study is effective for the mentality and emotion of Chinese international students who have subliminal depression. There is a significant improvement effect.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2022

Human Emotion Recognition is an exciting topic that has been attracting many researchers for a lengthy time. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in exploiting contextual information on emotion recognition. Some previous explorations in psychology show that emotional perception is impacted by facial expressions, as well as contextual information from the scene, such as human activities, interactions, and body poses. Those explorations initialize a trend in computer vision in exploring the critical role of contexts, by considering them as modalities to infer predicted emotion along with facial expressions. However, the contextual information has not been fully exploited. The scene emotion created by the surrounding environment, can shape how people perceive emotion. Besides, additive fusion in multimodal training fashion is not practical, because the contributions of each modality are not equal to the final prediction. The purpose of this paper was to contribute to this growing area of research, by exploring the effectiveness of the emotional scene gist in the input image, to infer the emotional state of the primary target. The emotional scene gist includes emotion, emotional feelings, and actions or events that directly trigger emotional reactions in the input image. We also present an attention-based fusion network, to combine multimodal features based on their impacts on the target emotional state. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, through a significant improvement on the EMOTIC dataset.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.645-647
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• 2003

In this work a new method for on-line scene segmentation is developed. In remote sensing a scene is represented by the pixel-oriented features. It is possible to reduce data redundancy by an unsupervised segment-feature extraction process, where the segment-features, rather than the pixelfeatures, are used for multispectral scene representation. The algorithm partitions the observation space into exhaustive set of disjoint segments. Then, pixels belonging to each segment are characterized by segment features. Illustrative examples are presented, and the performance of features is investigated. Results show an average compression more than 25, the classification performance is improved for all classes, and the CPU time required for classification is reduced by the same factor.

• 식품보건융합연구
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2022

Emergency transport is directly related to the life of the patient, and rapid transport to the hospital is crucial. However, external environmental factors such as traffic or weather, interfere with hospital transport. In this study, we investigated the external environment affecting hospital transport time. We examined the transfer time and patient treatment time of emergency patients in an area of northern Gyeonggi-do from 2018 to 2020. Diagnosis after arrival at the hospital was used, and on-site treatment time was measured from paramedic arrival time at the scene to departure. Furthermore, we examined whether there was a correlation between the time paramedics left the scene and hospital arrival time through the reason for the delay as recorded in the emergency log. Traffic jams had the greatest impact on patient transport, while transport delays occurred due to heavy rain, but not snow. Among injured patients, electrical accidents were the most problematic in terms of on-site treatment time. This was because a lot of first aid is needed in electrical accidents. It must be necessary to mobilize two ambulances in an emergency through the expansion of infrastructure, prepare a plan for rapid transport in heavy rain, and implement strong laws against transport obstruction.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2017

In this paper, we present a multi-depth generation method using a time-of-flight (ToF) fusion camera system. Multi-view color cameras in the parallel type and ToF depth sensors are used for 3D scene capturing. Although each ToF depth sensor can measure the depth information of the scene in real-time, it has several problems to overcome. Therefore, after we capture low-resolution depth images by ToF depth sensors, we perform a post-processing to solve the problems. Then, the depth information of the depth sensor is warped to color image positions and used as initial disparity values. In addition, the warped depth data is used to generate a depth-discontinuity map for efficient stereo matching. By applying the stereo matching using belief propagation with the depth-discontinuity map and the initial disparity information, we have obtained more accurate and stable multi-view disparity maps in reduced time.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.182-190
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• 2003

MPEG-4와 같은 대화형 미디어의 시간 관계를 위하여 재생 중에 사용자 이벤트에 의하여 객체간 재생 시간과 시간 관계를 동적으로 변화시킬 수 있는 시간 모델이 필요하다. 또한 사용자 이벤트에 의하여 시간 속성이 변경되더라도, 씬의 타당성이 유지되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 사용자 상호작용을 지원하는 시간 모델을 제안하고, 이를 적용한 MPEG-4 컨텐츠 저작 시스템을 개발하였다. MPEG-4에서 저작 가능한 시간 관계와 시간속성을 변경시키는 사용자 상호작용을 정의하였다. 본 저작 시스템은 시간 관계와 이벤트에 대한 제약 조건을 정의하고, 제약 조건을 검사하여 오류 없는 씬(scene)을 생성할 수 있다. 또한 MPEG-4 씬에 시간관계와 이벤트를 시각적으로 저작하기 위한 저작 환경을 제공하고, 저작된 씬을 인코딩 하여 MPEG-4 스트림을 생성한다.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제6권10호
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• pp.2630-2641
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• 1999

Most of the previous game development has proceeded in the approaches of the temporal-oriented synchronization because of producing game objects by using general authoring tools, and ad hoc or trial and error methods has been devised for representation of spatial concept. This paper is a study on the unification notation for spatio-temporal synchronization to conquest this fault. First of all, we classify game space as temporal object, spatial object, absolute/relative spatio-temporal space. The spatio-temporal relationships are divided into temporal extent, temporal location, spatial extent, and spatial location. In the paper the temporal and spatial relationships of game scene are defined to represent the synchronization, and we propose new unification notation by temporal and spatial concept to represent two concepts putting emphasis on space. Their relationships are presented on 3D by creating time axis related with time in scene unit of the two dimensional plane in the pivot on space. The usability of this representation method are shown by applying examples of game scenario.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.311-317
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• 2017

일반적으로 십 수 편의 분량으로 구성된 드라마는 가장 인기 있는 방송프로그램 장르 중의 하나로서 시간의 흐름에 따라 등장인물의 지위, 신분, 상호간 관계가 변하고 드라마 내용에 영향을 주는 중요한 행위들이 산발적으로 발생하는 특징을 갖고 있다. 따라서 중간에 드라마 시청을 누락하는 경우 변화된 등장인물들의 정보와 새롭게 발생한 중요 행위에 대한 정보 없이는 드라마 내용 이해에 곤란을 겪게 되고 드라마 시청을 포기하는 경우도 발생할 수 있다. 이 에, 본 논문은 드라마와 연동되어 매 편 최신 업데이트된 등장인물의 정보와 중요 행위들의 정보를 시청자에게 제공하는 데이터 서비스를 고안하였다. 본 데이터 서비스는 현재 시청 중인 장면에 등장하는 인물들을 중심으로 정보를 제공하여 신속한 내용 이해와 장면 속 대화에서 언급되는 인물의 정보도 제공하여 폭넓은 내용 이해를 돕는 특징을 갖고 있다. 본 논문은 데이터 서비스에 대한 전반적 소개와 정형적으로 정의된 드라마 장면 구분 정보와 등장인물 정보, 그리고 이 정보를 전송하기 위한 디지털방송 국제표준인 DVB-SI 기반의 데이터 전송 방법을 담고 있다.