• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.381-387
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• 2007

In this paper, crashworthiness of the EMU carbody of Incheon Metro is numerically evaluated against two types of overhead line structures (headspan and portal-type). The material of the EMU carbody is stainless steel (SUS301L), and that of the overhead line structures is the structural steel (SS400). The EMU carbody is analyzed under collision conditions, such as upright side-on impact, side-on roof impact and angled roof impact scenarios, to be collided against the headspan type or the portal type at the speed of 64.4km/h, respectively. It is concluded from the numerical results that the overhead line structures will not do so much harm to the EMU carbody of Incheon Metro for various collisions caused by derailment. Furthermore, the overhead line structure of the portal type is superior to that of the headspan type in the crashworthy point of view.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.15-36
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• 2005

This study is concerned with selling alliance in the internet shopping services, which is generally used by portal sites in recent and that is a typical form of strategic alliance. This study tried to find the relationship between. consumer's attitude and alliance performance. The authors investigated them in the field. then searched the reasons and determinants of selling alliance performance. As a result of field investigation, the authors found that the traffic of the portal site was not proportionated to the sales of internet shopping mall and this was not consistent with general expectation, With the analysis of it, the authors found that attitudes to the sites (brands) allianced in On-line and recognition of fitting between them had influenced positively on the attitude and purchase intention to alliance services. Moreover, unlike the attitude to the portal sites, the attitude to the internet shopping mall had positively influenced directly on the purchase intention. The other hand. from the view of influence power on the attitude to the allianced shopping service, the recognition of fitting between the sites was the factor which had the least effect of all factors. Compared with Off-line, this is interesting aspect of On-line. So in the On-line selling alliance, be careful of consideration for not only prior attitudes to the partners(portal and shopping mall) but also the fitness between them and make it in the mind that the attitude to shopping mall has greater influence upon the purchase intention than that to portal site.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2006.11b
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• pp.11-17
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• 2006

In this paper, crashworthiness of EMU carbody against overhead line structure is numerically evaluated. The material of the EMU carbody is made of stainless steel(SS301L). The material of the overhead line structure(a portal-type) is structure steel (SS400). The EMU carbody is numerically analyzed under collision conditions such as upright side-on impact scenario and angled impact scenario to collide against overhead line structure(a portal-type) at 64.6 kph, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.305-308
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• 2002

More complex radiotherapy techniques using multi leaf collimation(MLC) such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy(IMRT) has been increasing the significance of verification of leaf position and motion. Due to the reliability and robustness, quality assurance(QA) of MLC is usually performed with portal films. However, the advantage of ease of use and capability of providing digital data of electronic portal imaging devices(EPIDs) have attracted many attentions as alternatives of films for routine quality assurance in spite of the concerns about their clinical feasibility, efficacy, and the cost to benefit ratio. In our work, the method of routine QA of MLC using electronic portal imaging(EPI) was developed. The verification of availability of EPI images for routine QA was performed by comparison with those of the portal films which were simultaneously obtained when radiation was delivered and known prescription input to MLC controller. Specially designed test patterns of dynamic MLC were applied to image acquisition. Quantitative off-line analysis using edge detection algorithm enhanced the verification procedure in addition to on-line qualitative visual assessment. In conclusion, the EPI is available enough for routine QA with the accuracy of portal films.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.50-64
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to classify Avatar fashion style through analysis of on-line Avatar Mall and to propose color pallette and fashion contents from fashion color analysis. The literature research focused on investigating the notion, characters and types of Avatar and relation of Avatar and self-image, clothing image and color image. In data research, 4 on-line portal sites Avatar Malls were analyzed and Avatar fashion style was classified. In addition, Avatar clothing color was analyzed. The research of this study are as follows: Firstly, Avatar in the cyber space represents 'me' of the real states. Avatar fashion helps to represent Avatar Image and clothing makes human image and identity as a social sign. Color helps to constitute clothing impression and human image, therefore clothing and color are the important elements to express self-image through Avatar in the cyber space. Secondly, Avatar Malls of 4 on-line portal sites are very similar and confuse Avatar users because of no standard of fashion style classification. Accordingly, the standard of fashion style classification should be made by a fashion expert, and the specific characters of every on-line portal site should be emphasized. Thirdly, as a result of the analysis of Avatar's clothing, the clothing is divided into a real world clothing and an imaginary world clothing. There are daily clothes, uniform, event clothes, story clothes and fantasy clothes. As a result of the color analysis of Avatar clothing, White, Red, Red Purple colors and bright and vivid tone are generally used for Avatar clothing. This study is significant to classify Avatar fashion style systematically, to notify sensitive and delicate users' sign and to make Avatar fashion image emotional and high-quality.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.77-85
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• 1997

Verification of patients setup was very important during radiotherapy. Therefore, we have developed an 1-dimensional on-line portal imaging system and measured the differential linearity of the system. Isooctane(2,2,4-TetraMethyl Pentane) was used as liquid ionization material. And the geometry of the system was designed which has 2mm position resolution and 20cm measurable range. And then the differential linearity of the system was 4.7％.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.7
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• pp.21-51
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• 2001

For increasing the competitiveness and efficiency of Korea's finance industry under the new e-finance paradigm, this paper compared the practical use of finance portal site' on service parts and stage between Korea and U.S.A.. The services which can be served from site are banking, mortgage and credit loan, stock, card, retirement tax, PFM(Personal Finance Management), EBPP(Electronic Bill Presentment and Payment) and Account Aggregation and so on. The stage of site can be divided as the information provide stage which only gives information about service parts, on-line transaction stage which real-time transaction is possibile and PFM services provide stage according to development process. As a result, the beginning of finance portal service in Korea was lated about 10years and more than it of U.S.A. So the development stage of domestic portal site is still staying in the first step and the providing services and contents or business model development parts are also in the same stage than U.S.A. Resides, Korea's sites mainly focus on their first service parts even though they recently aim internet finance portal, and provide not real time transaction but finance information. On the other hand, the U.S.A. site support substantially not only various on-line transactions but also distinctive personal services like PFM(Personal Finance Management), EBPP(Electronic Bill Presentment and Payment), Account Aggregation and Trans-account, brokerage, education center, mortgage loan, mutual fund, option, pension fund and IPOs and so on. Thus, the site of Korea need to establish real type of internet finance portal which provides one-stop services on every type of finance to customers in the real time and also require the strategic integration among finance institutions. The next turn, they need to build information system and education center to give best satisfaction to customers and acquire customer information and marker environment changes and need to provide distinctive services to quality customers throughout database from this. Also the site should provide various type of banking services which refereed above like PEM, EBPP and education center etc, and the government of Korea should support the building of IT infrastructure to Physical, legal, systematic, sociocultural, technical and human resource sections. This paper provided the future movement direction of the domestic finance portal through comparison and analysis on the practical use of it between Korea and U.S.A. and also wanted to contribute for developing and reading of Korea finance portal in the new era of the finance paradigm.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.23-43
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• 2006

By far, numerous e-government projects requiring huge investments have been conducted in Korea to increase the administrative efficiency and improve the service quality via Internet. However, there's little research focusing on methods and techniques for analyzing and evaluating the projects either to economically justify the investments or to assess the quality of the system and of on-line services to citizens. The purpose of this paper is to suggest a set of factors to take into account for evaluating e-government portals and to empirically test the factors to provide useful implications for building such portals. Based on the literature reviewed, we constructed a research model that includes content, public service, community, design, technology, and portal's attributes as independent variables and the user's satisfaction and the administrative efficiency as dependent variables. A reliability test revealed that the evaluation factors proposed in the paper are sufficiently reliable, and a multi-regression analysis indicated that five hypotheses should be accepted. The findings of the study suggest that emphasis should be placed on public service quality and portal site attributes, among others, when implementing portals.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.151-160
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• 2003

The application of more complex radiotherapy techniques using multileaf collimation (MLC), such as 3D conformal radiation therapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), has increased the significance of verifying leaf position and motion. Due to thier reliability and empirical robustness, quality assurance (QA) of MLC. However easy use and the ability to provide digital data of electronic portal imaging devices (EPIDs) have attracted attention to portal films as an alternatives to films for routine qualify assurance, despite concerns about their clinical feasibility, efficacy, and the cost to benefit ratio. In this study, we developed method for daily QA of MLC using electronic portal images (EPIs). EPID availability for routine QA was verified by comparing of the portal films, which were simultaneously obtained when radiation was delivered and known prescription input to MLC controller. Specially designed two-test patterns of dynamic MLC were applied for image acquisition. Quantitative off-line analysis using an edge detection algorithm enhanced the verification procedure as well as on-line qualitative visual assessment. In conclusion, the availability of EPI was enough for daily QA of MLC leaf position with the accuracy of portal films.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.497-504
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• 1998

Purpose : To evaluate the usefulness of electronic portal imaging device through objective compare of the images acquired using an EPID and a conventional port film Materials and Methods : From Apr. to Oct. 1997, a total of 150 sets of images from 20 patients who received radiation therapy in the pelvis area were evaluated in the Inha University Hospital and Severance Hospital. A dual image recording technique was devised to obtain both electronic portal images and port film images simultaneously with one treatment course. We did not perform double exposure five to ten images were acquired from each patient. All images were acquired from posteroanterior (PA) view except images from two patients. A dose rate of 100-300 Mu/min and a 10-MV X-ray beam were used and 2-10 MUs were required to produce a verification image during treatment. Kodak diagnostic film with metal/film imaging cassette which was located on the top of the EPID detector was used for the port film. The source to detector distance was 140 cm. Eight anatomical landmarks (pelvic brim, sacrum, acetabulum. iliopectineal line, symphysis, ischium, obturator foramen, sacroiliac joint) were assessed. Four radiation oncologist joined to evaluate each image. The individual landmarks in the port film or in the EPID were rated - very clear (1), clear (2), visible (3), not clear (4), not visible (5). Results : Using an video camera based EPID system. there was no difference of image quality between no enhanced EPID images and port film images. However, when we provided some change with window level for the portal image, the visibility of the sacrum and obturator foramen was improved in the portal images than in the port film images. All anatomical landmarks were more visible in the portal images than in the port film when we applied the CLAHE mode enhancement. The images acquired using an matrix ion chamber type EPID were also improved image qualify after window level adjustment. Conclusion : The quality of image acquired using an electronic portal imaging device was comparable to that of the port film. When we used the enhance mode or window level adjustment. the image quality of the EPID was superior to that of the port film. EPID may replace the port film.