• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.1045-1050
• /
• 2003

In this study, to investigate the effects of omitting low-amplitude cycles from a flight-simulation loading, crack growth tests are conducted on 2124-T851 aluminum alloy specimens. Three test spectra are generated by omitting small load ranges as counted by the rain-flow count method. The crack growth test results are compared with the data obtained from the flight-simulation loading. The experimental results show that omission of the load ranges below 5% of the maximum load does not significantly affect crack growth behavior, because these are below the initial stress intensity factor range. However, in the case of omitting the load ranges below 15% of the maximum load, crack growth rates decrease, and therefore crack growth curve deviates from the crack growth data under the flight-simulation loading. To optimize the load range that can be omitted, crack growth curves are simulated by the stochastic crack growth model. The prediction shows that the omission level can be extended to 8% of the maximum load and test time can be reduced by 59%.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.163-169
• /
• 2006

Objectives : The study was conducted to investigate the effect of intelligence ability on attention using Continuous Performance Test (CPT). Methods : 56 children with ADHD (52 boys, 4 girls) and 41 children in normal (28 boys, 13 girls) were sampled, their age range was 7 to 15. They performed IQ test and ADHD Diagnostic System (ADS) in order to examine intelligence and attention. Participants were divided into normal group and ADHD group, average IQ level children and superior IQ level children. Then ADS variables (omission error, commission error, reaction time, reaction time deviation, response sensitivity, and response criterion) were analyzed. Results : There was no significant interaction effect between group (normal, ADHD) and intelligence (average, superior). But there was significant difference between normal group and ADHD group in omission error, commission error, reaction time deviation, and response sensitivity. Also average level IQ group had significantly showed more omission, greater reaction time deviation, and lower response sensitivity than superior level IQ group. Conclusion : ADHD group has attention deficit than normal group, and CPT is available tool to detect attention problems. These findings indicate that intelligence can contaminate inattention and cognitive impulsivity thus it compensates for attention deficit. And it suggests that intelligence effect is considered in analyzing CPT in ADHD children.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.5-23
• /
• 1990

The purpose of this study was to investigate the acquisition of number-word systems of young children. Specifically, the acquisition of Korean Number-Words(KNW) was compared with the acquisition of Chinese-derived Number-Words(CNW). The subjects included 120 children aged 2:5 to 5:11. The subjects oral counting using the two number word systems were audiotaped. Two coders transcribed the tapes. The data were analyzed by content analysis with descriptive statistics. The findings of this study showed that the acquisition of KNW began from around age two and the acquisition of CNW from around age three. From then, the acquisition of the two number-word systems was parallel. The acquisition of number-words began from the age of 2 years, increased slowly to the age of 4. and then increased rapidly after the age of 5. Although KNW were acquired earlier than CNW, at around the age of 5 years the acquisition of CNW surpassed the acquisition of KNW. The acquisition of number words consists of four developmental levels: Level I: beginning of acquisition of traditional KNW only Level II: beginning of acquisition of CNW with extension of KNW Level III: parallel extension of the two number-word systems Level IV: superior acquisition of CNW. The major error through all stages in the sequence of number words was the omission of one number-word. Younger children produced errors of omission of one, two or three number-words, whereas older children produced errors of nonstandard number-words and repetition.

• 말소리와 음성과학
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.9-17
• /
• 2017

The aim of this study is to examine whether Chinese Korean learners (CKL) can correctly produce the aspiration in 'a lenis obstruents /k/, /t/, /p/, /ʧ/+/h/ sound' sequence at the lexical and post-lexical level. For this purpose 4 Korean native speakers (KNS), 10 advanced and 10 intermediate CKL participated in a production test. The material analyzed consisted of 10 Korean sentences in which aspiration can be applied at different prosodic boundaries (syllable, word, accentual phrase). The results showed that for KNS and CKL, the rate of application of aspiration was different according to prosodic boundaries. Aspiration was more frequently applied at the lexical level than at the post-lexical level and it was more frequent at the word boundary than at the accentual phrase boundary. For CKL, pronunciation errors were either non-application of aspiration or coda obstruent omission. In the case of non-application of aspiration, CKL produced the target syllable as an underling form and they did not transform it as a surface form. In the case of coda obstruent ommision, most of the errors were caused by the inherent complexity of phonological process.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
• /
• 통권15호
• /
• pp.251-265
• /
• 2009

다양한 영상 매체와 정보 유형 중에서 모션그래픽은 전달자와 수용자 사이에 정확한 커뮤니케이션을 하는데 있어 매우 효과적인 매개체이다. 따라서 모션그래픽의 표현에 있어 중요한 것은 메시지의 정확한 전달 여부이다. 그러나 최근의 모션그래픽 표현 경향은 내러티브 보다 주목성만을 강조하거나 자극적인 표현들만 중요시 하여 정확한 정보의 전달에는 소홀한 경우가 많아졌다. 이 연구의 목적은 모션그래픽의 제작 특성상 효과적인 메시지 전달에 있어 가장 많이 사용되는 이미지와 시간의 생략 그리고 상징, 비유와 암시적 표현 방법을 국내외 영화 타이틀시퀀스에서 분석하여 그 유용성을 연구한 후에 적용 가능성을 제시 하고자 한다. 본 논문은 생략과 암시적 표현이라는 몇 가지 이론 배경을 모션그래픽 관점에서 연구 하기위해, 한국영화로는 올드보이와 헨델과 그레텔, 외국영화로는 와일드 와일드 웨스트와 007 카지노 로얄의 영화 타이틀 시퀀스에서 그 표현 기법이 활용된 예와 기능적인 것들에 대해 분석, 연구를 하였다. 결론으로, 우수한 영화 타이틀 시퀀스의 모션그래픽은 단순한 내러티브와 복잡한 서술보다는 계획된 생략과 암시(상징과 비유) 기법을 미학적인 접근으로 사용하고 있었다. 관객의 몰입과 흥미를 유발하고, 시간과 공간에 대한 표현 제약을 극복하기위하여 이미지와 시간의 생략 그리고 상징과 비유를 통한 암시적 표현을 적정하게 사용하는 것이 모션그래픽의 가치와 담론을 한 단계 상승시키는 역할을 할 것이다.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.45-57
• /
• 2010

Background : If different cost efficiency indexes were informed to the same clinic depending on the inclusion or exclusion of pharmacy cost, it may impair the reliability of provider-profiling system. This study aimed to investigate whether the omission of pharmacy cost affects cost-efficiency rankings in medical clinics. Methods : Data for ambulatory care cost at 23,112 medical clinics were collected from the claims database, which was constructed after review by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) of Korea in April 2007. We calculated two types of cost efficiency indexes by inclusion or exclusion of pharmacy cost for a medical clinic. The agreement between the decile rankings of the two indexes was also assessed using the weighted kappa statistic of Landis and Koch. Results : When the cost efficiency index for total cost including pharmacy cost was compared with the index for total cost excluding it, the agreement between the two indexes was only 55%. The agreements between the two indexes were relatively low within specialties which have larger pharmacy volume of total cost and lower correlation between total cost with or without pharmacy cost included than the average level of all the specialties. Conclusion : These results suggest that the omission of pharmacy cost may result in contradictory outcomes that may be confusing to a medical institution and may impair the reliability of provider-profiling systems. It is very important to standardize profiling criteria for the reliability of provider profiling system.

• East Asian mathematical journal
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.527-544
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze mathematical errors in descriptive problems of the Mathematics Level Assessment(MLA) which is conducted in P University. We classified mathematical errors, which are easily made in solving the descriptive problems of the MLA, into nine types as misused data, misinterpreted language, logically invalid inference, misunderstood theorem or definition, unmatched solution, technical errors, omission of solving process, ambiguous errors, and unattempted errors. With classifying the errors in nine types, we analyzed the errors of students, who are in intermediate and low level grades, by descriptive problems. On the basis of these analysis results, we suggest plans for improving the implementation of the MLA and the teaching-learning methods about College General Mathematics.

• 말소리와 음성과학
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.53-62
• /
• 2016

In this study, we examined whether Chinese learners of Korean can correctly produce the phonological process on the lexical and post-lexical level. For this purpose 4 Korean native speakers and 10 advanced and 10 intermediate Chinese learners of Korean participated in the production test. The materials analyzed constituted 10 Korean sentences in which nasalization can be applied on the syllable boundary, word boundary(w-boundary) as well as accentual phrase boundary(AP-boundary). The results show that for Korean speakers, nasalization was applied 100% at all level whereas for Chinese speakers, the rate of application of nasalization is different according to prosodic constituents and Korean proficiency. Nasalization was more frequently applied at the lexical level than the post-lexical level, and it is more frequent in the w-boundary conditions than in the AP-boundary conditions. However, the rate of nasalization in the w-boundary is close to the lexical level. The pronunciation errors were committed either as non application of nasalization or coda obstruent ommission. In the case of non application of nasalization, Chinese learners of Korean produced the target syllables as underling forms, which were not transformed as surface forms. In addition, we can observe the ommission of coda obstruents in 'lenis obstruents+nasal sound' sequences. As a result, nasalization is blocked by this omission.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소음진동공학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.848-851
• /
• 2004

This paper studied a method for minimizing the noise level emitted from range hoods. Range hoods were used for discharging various hazardous materials generated during household cooking to the outdoors, thus preventing them from being diffused through rooms in the house since they are the main cause of air pollution within dwellings. This study assumed that static pressure was not applied at the discharge outlet of the range hood. As such, the range hood was installed on the wall without the use of a connecting duct or other connectors attached to its discharge outlet. The vibration having the greatest influence on the noise level was determined by measuring the vibration at the front side of the hood where the acoustic omission was at its maximum. A method was then proposed to reduce the noise by simply suppressing the vibration at the vibrating part.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제62권1호
• /
• pp.27-32
• /
• 2007

연구배경: 폐암환자를 대상으로 의무기록에서 흡연 습관의 정확성을 평가하고, 이에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 분석하고자 한다. 연구방법: 폐암을 진단받고 입원한 225예 환자를 대상으로 흡연 습관에 대한 일대일 면접 설문조사와 의무기록 사이의 일치도를 평가하였다. 의무기록의 흡연정보 누락과 두 자료원의 불일치에 기여하는 요인을 평가하기 위하여 다변량 로지스틱 회귀분석을 시행하였다. 결 과: 흡연 습관은 전반적으로 증등도의 일치도 (${\kappa}=0.60$)를 보였으며, 과거 흡연의 일치도(${\kappa}=0.49$)가 가장 낮았다. 의무기록의 흡연정보 누락률은 18.2%였으며, 세포형에 따라 유의한 차이를 보여, 편평상피세포암에 비하여 선암 환자에서의 누락률이 3배 높았다. 두 자료원 사이의 불일치는 65세 미만에 비해 65세 이상에서 3배 많았다. 결 론: 의무기록의 흡연 정보는 중등도의 정확성을 가진다. 임상 시험에서 흡연 습관에 대한 자료원으로 의무기록 정보를 이용하는데 세심한 주의가 필요하다고 판단한다.