• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.3377-3380
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• 2016

The proportion of lung cancer patients under 50 years old is small at approximately 5-10%, but as with patients older than 50, the number is on the rise. Although lung cancer treatment strategies have undergone extensive transformation in recent years based on the presence or absence of oncogenic driver mutations, there are few reports regarding these mutations in the young or the relationship between clinical setting and prognosis. Therefore, we conducted a study of clinical features in 36 patients under the age of 50 who were diagnosed with primary lung cancer from October 2008 to November 2015. The 22 patients in stages I through III A underwent operations, and all 17 whose lung cancer were detected through screening were candidates for surgery. Gene analysis was conducted for 26 (72.2%); 10 (38.5%) were positive for EGFR gene mutations, and ALK gene translocation was present in 4 (15.4%). In stage IV patients, the median progression free survival (PFS) in the ALK translocation positive and negative patients was 518 days and 130 days, respectively, and the median overall survival (OS) was not reached and 280 days, respectively. A trend toward extended PFS (p=0.203) and OS (p=0.056) was observed in patients positive for ALK translocation. We must strive for early detection by increasing screening rates and evaluate oncogenic driver mutations important for prognosis of lung cancer in the young.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.437-447
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• 2020

Following the extension of human life expectancy, the number of elderly traffic accidents that have been increasing at a rapid pace since 2018 has also emerged as a social problem. The traffic accident rate among those aged 65 and older is increasing, but traffic safety policies are insufficient. Based on the analysis of traffic accident status for senior citizens and traffic accident for the past five years from 2014, the reduction plan is to be presented in three main aspects. First, the system needs systematic management by strengthening the system of senior citizens' transport policy departments and driver's license for senior citizens in government agencies, such as the United States, Britain and Japan, from an institutional perspective, so that the walking time and crosswalk traffic environment for the vulnerable should be improved from an environmental perspective. In addition, in human terms, the ability to cope with real-time changes in traffic conditions should be enhanced by training transportation safety experts to secure the effectiveness of education for elderly drivers and by strengthening safety education for those with driver's license and expanding experienced traffic safety facilities to enhance the ability of senior citizens to cope with the changing traffic conditions in real time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.91-97
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• 2011

The weight of elderly people in Korea has been increasing. Statistics show that the percentage of the elderly people in Korea was 3.1% in 1970; 3.8% in 1980; 5.1% in 1990, and 7.2% in 2000. Based on this trend, thus, the number of elderly people could be estimated to be 14% of the whole Korean population in 2018. This reveals that Korea is entering a super-aging society with remarkable fast pace. In such a change, the statistics related to elderly people driving license and the occurrence of traffic accidents are showing a noticeable numerical value. The number of traffic accident fatality in Korea ranks the highest value in OECD Countries. However, the research on old drivers in the nation is going on partially centering on system improvement and management scheme. Thus, first of all, researches about the linkage & characteristics between the driving behavior of old drivers and traffic accident should be implemented, in order properly to draw system improvement and management scheme for the old drivers. Therefore, the focus of this study is the influence model for discerning the severity of the age-old-caused traffic accidents by inquiring into the relation between the Driving Aptitude Test items that make it possible to measure their behavioral characteristics and influential factors by age group on the basis of the data on traffic accidents. The analysis results can be used as basic data for suggesting the behavioral research and countermeasure for traffic safety and its management for old driver in preparation for the aging society.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.51-62
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• 2011

This study focused on the effects of median type on drivers' subjective sense of speed and the changes in this sense by driver age. Participants were 61 drivers: 20 young (aged 20-39 years), 19 middle-aged (40-59 years), and 22 older drivers (60+ years). The participants watched each of two driving scenarios, showing either a guardrail-equipped or a concrete median. The participants were asked to push a button when they perceived speeds of 60 km/h, 80 km/h, or 100 km/h. All drivers perceived higher speeds in the guardrail condition than in the concrete condition. Perceived speeds increased with driver age in both guardrail and concrete conditions. These results mean median type affects drivers' subjective sense of speed even as driver age increases, and that drivers' subjective sense of speed tends to increase with age.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.81-102
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• 2006

This study focused on driver's carefulness and researched the relationship between driving confidence and driving behaviour in elderly and young drivers. In order to evaluate the driving confidence level, 'Driving Confidence Scale' was developed. 175 of young drivers(younger than 25) and 150 of elderly drivers(older than 65) conducted Driving Confidence Scale. They answered their driving patterns; driving history, annual mileage, the frequency of committing traffic violation, and experience of accident within 5 years. Elderly driver's data was collected by face to face interview. The factors of driving confidence were analyzed and the driving confidence level of young and elderly drivers was compared. Driving Confidence was consisted of 4 factors; environment of traffic condition, safe driving, driving ability, attention. Elderly driver's confidence was lower than young driver's. Elderly drivers in high driving confidence group, showed longer driving history and they were tend to commit violations more frequently than elerly drivers in low driving confidence group. Young drivers, whose driving confidence level was high answered more driving history, annual mileage, the frequency of committing traffic violation and experience of accident within 5 years.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2015.11a
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• pp.191-192
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• 2015

고령화 진입으로 인한 노인들의 사회적 활동 범위가 넓어지고 있다. 이에 노인운전자수 및 교통사고가 증가 하고 있다. 이에 인천광역시 노인운전자 교통사고 분석을 통하여 문제점을 파악하고 요인분석을 통해 사고유형의 경향 변화를 살펴보고자 하였다. 분석결과 차대차에 사망사고는 감소하고 있으나, 기타요인에 의한 사망사고는 증가 하는 것으로 분석 되었다. 이에 기타요인에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요하다고 생각한다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.237-244
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• 2022

Eco-driving of vehicles today presents an advantage that aims to reduce energy consumption and limit CO2 emissions. The application for this option is possible to older vehicles. In this paper, we propose an efficient implementation for IoT (Internet of Things) system for controlling vehicle components that affect the quality of driving (acceleration, braking, clutch, gear change) via Smartphone using Wi-Fi and BLE as communication protocol. The user can see in real-time data from sensors that control driver action on vehicle driving systems such as acceleration, braking, and vehicle shifting through a web interface. Thanks to this communication, the user can control his driving quality and, hence, eco-driving can be achieved

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.115-132
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• 2017

Differences in reaction time and accuracy were compared among driver groups of middle-, old-, and stroke old-age drivers using various reaction time tasks including simple reaction task, 2-choice task, 4-choice task with different stimuli eccentricity, search task, and moving target detection task. The results can be summarized as followings. First, although overall reaction time tended to be slowed with age and stroke, stroke old drivers showed significantly slower reaction time than the other driver groups when the stimuli were presented in a large eccentricity. Second, differences in reaction time for 2-choice task and moving target detection task seemed to be determined mainly by participants' simple reaction time. Third, the search task which required temporary retention of previously presented stimuli was found to be more sensitive in discriminating difference in reaction time between middle-age drivers and old-age drivers (including stroke old drivers). Fourth, reaction accuracy of old (and stroke old) drivers decreased when more stimuli alternatives were presented and temporary retention for stimuli was required. Altogether, memory demand in reaction time task can be sensitive to evaluate performance for different age groups, whereas size of useful field of view for brain stroke.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.134-145
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to propose a framework for developing test scenarios for issuance of conditional driver's licenses. The framework was composed of five stages. Initially, we reviewed the literature on traffic crash characteristics in terms of accident frequency and severity regarding the main factors of crashes caused by older drivers. In the second stage, the characteristics of crashes attributed to non-elderly, early elderly, and late elderly drivers were analyzed using data obtained from the Traffic Accident Analysis System (TAAS), and crash types for elderly drivers were derived. In the third stage, black box videos of high-risk crash types were analyzed to derive crash stories that described the circumstances in which crashes occurred. In the fourth step, crash situations were classified by rating the types of crash stories derived to develop various scenarios. Step 5 involved creating a scenario by applying the PEGASUS 5-Layer format, which has recently been used to develop test scenarios for autonomous vehicles. The results of this study are expected to be used as a basis for developing driving ability evaluation scenarios for the issuance of conditional driver's licenses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.71-76
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting the roundabout accidents near schools. This study gives particular attentions discussing characteristics by pedestrian accident severity using the ordered logit models. In pursuing the above, 63 roundabouts installed before 2014 are surveyed for modeling. the traffic accident data from 2014 to 2016 are collected from TAAS data set of Road Traffic Authority. Such 35variables explaining the accidents as environment, human, geometries, school and roundabout factor are selected from literature reviews. The main results are as follows. First, the ordered logit models (${\rho}^2$ of 0.272, $x^2$ of 24.723) which is statistically significant have been developed. Second, environment factor variable is analyzed to be day or night ($X_1$ ), human factor variables are evaluated to be driver gender($X_4$), older driver($X_5$), pedestrian gender($X_7$) and children pedestrian($X_8$ ). Third, geometries factor variable are analyzed to be speed limit sign($X_{16}$) and median barrier($X_{21}$), school factor variables are evaluated to be hump-type crosswalk($X_{25}$), CCTV($X_{26}$) and school zone sign($X_{27}$), roundabout factor are analyzed to be roundabout sign($X_{30}$) and number of circulatory roadway lane($X_{32}$). Finally, this study could give some implications to decreasing the accidents severity at roundabout near schools.