• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
• /
• 2008.11b
• /
• pp.2001-2006
• /
• 2008

The most concerning issue of these days is the energy crisis by increasing threat of dependency on foreign oil and its volatility itself. In the situations, the PHEV is drawing attention for the next generation's car which could give a chance to decrease the dependency on foreign oil. As well as, the Korean electric power infrastructure is a strategic national asset that is under utilized most of the time. With the proper changes in the operational paradigm, it could generate and deliver necessary energy to charge the PHEVs which could penetrate the market within few years. In doing so, it would reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve the economics of the electricity industry, and reduce the energy dependency. This paper investigate the technical potential and impacts of using the existing idle capacity of the electric infrastructure in conjunction with the emerging PHEVs technology to meet the majority of daily energy needs of the Korean LDV fleet.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
• /
• v.49 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2023

This study focused on the development of a vegetable recombinated oil to mimic the animal-derived mink oil. Various vegetable oils and fatty acid substrates were mixed and an immobilized enzyme was utilized in the reaction to synthesize a plant-derived mink oil through deacidification and purification processes. The chemical composition and thermal properties of the recombined oil were confirmed using gas chromatography and differential scanning calorimetry. Our results show a high similarity between mink oil and our synthesized plant-derived mink oil, revealing the potential of utilizing vegetable alternatives for the substitution of animal raw materials, which have been gradually discontinued as cosmetic ingredients.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.36-44
• /
• 2013

The objectives of this study were to identify the characteristics of shallow groundwater from the oil-contaminated site for a long period and to evaluate the applicability of biopile technology to treat the soil excavated from it. The eight monitoring wells were installed in the contaminated site and pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP), Temperature and the concentrations of major ions and pollutants were measured. The VOCs in soil gas were monitored during biopile operation and TPH concentration was analyzed at the termination of the experiment. The pH was 6.62 considered subacid and EC was 886.19 ${\mu}S/cm$. DO was measured to be 2.06 mg/L showing the similar characteristic of deep groundwater. ORP was 119.02 mV indicating oxidation state. The temperature of groundwater was measured to be $16.97^{\circ}C$. The piper diagram showed that groundwater was classified as Ca-$HCO_3$ type considered deep groundwater. The ground water concentration for TPH, Benzene, Toluene, Xylene of the first round was slightly higher than that of the second round. The concentration of carbon dioxide of soil gas was increased to 1.3% and the concentration of VOCs was completely eliminated after the 40 days. The TPH concentration showed 98% remediation efficiency after the 90 days biopile operation.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.52 no.6
• /
• pp.653-659
• /
• 2014

Surgery remains the preferred treatment for hydatid cyst (cystic echinococcosis, CE). Various scolicidal agents have been used for inactivation of protoscolices during surgery, but most of them are associated with adverse side effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro scolicidal effect of Nigella sativa (Ranunculaceae) essential oil and also its active principle, thymoquinone, against protoscolices of hydatid cysts. Protoscolices were aseptically aspirated from sheep livers having hydatid cysts. Various concentrations of the essential oil (0.01-10 mg/ml) and thymoquinone (0.125-1.0 mg/ml) were used for 5 to 60 min. Viability of protoscolices was confirmed by 0.1% eosin staining. Furthermore, the components of the N. sativa essential oil were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). Our study revealed that the essential oil of N. sativa at the concentration of 10 mg/ml and its main component, thymoquinone, at the concentration of 1 mg/ml had potent scolicidal activities against protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus after 10 min exposure. Moreover, thymoquinone (42.4%), p-cymene (14.1%), carvacrol (10.3%), and longifolene (6.1%) were found to be the major components of N. sativa essential oil by GC/MS analysis. The results of this study indicated the potential of N. sativa as a natural source for production of a new scolicidal agent for use in hydatid cyst surgery. However, further studies will be needed to confirm these results by checking the essential oil and its active component in in vivo models.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.25 no.8
• /
• pp.1299-1306
• /
• 2015

This study aims to investigate the mechanism of action of the cinnamon bark essential oil (CB), when used singly and also in combination with piperacillin, for its antimicrobial and synergistic activity against beta-lactamase TEM-1 plasmid-conferred Escherichia coli J53 R1. Viable count of bacteria for this combination of essential oil and antibiotic showed a complete killing profile at 20 h and further confirmed its synergistic effect by reducing the bacteria cell numbers. Analysis on the stability of treated cultures for cell membrane permeability by CB when tested against sodium dodecyl sulfate revealed that the bacterial cell membrane was disrupted by the essential oil. Scanning electron microscopy observation and bacterial surface charge measurement also revealed that CB causes irreversible membrane damage and reduces the bacterial surface charge. In addition, bioluminescence expression of Escherichia coli [pSB1075] and E. coli [pSB401] by CB showed reduction, indicating the possibility of the presence of quorum sensing (QS) inhibitors. Gas-chromatography and mass spectrometry of the essential oil of Cinnamomum verum showed that trans-cinnamaldehyde (72.81%), benzyl alcohol (12.5%), and eugenol (6.57%) were the major components in the essential oil. From this study, CB has the potential to reverse E. coli J53 R1 resistance to piperacillin through two pathways; modification in the permeability of the outer membrane or bacterial QS inhibition.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.43 no.4
• /
• pp.490-497
• /
• 2010

A chitinolytic bacterium having a strong antagonistic activity against various pathogens including Phytophtora capsici was isolated from rhizosphere soil, and identified as Lysobacter enzymogenes (named as LE429) based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. This strain produced a number of substances such as chitinase, ${\beta}-1$, 3-glucanase, lipase, protease, gelatinase and an antibiotic compound. This antibiotic compound was purified by diaion HP-20, sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and HPLC. The purified compound was identified as phenylacetic acid by gas chromatography-electron ionization (GC-EI) and gas chromatography-chemical ionization (GC-CI) mass spectrometry. In field experiment, pepper plants were treated by the strain LE429 culture (CB), neem oil solution (NO), combination (CB+NO) or control (CON). Plant height and number of branches, flowers and pods of pepper plant in CB treatment were generally highest, and followed by CB+NO, CON and NO. The fungal pathogens were strongly inhibited, while several insect pests were discovered in CB treatment. Any insect pests were not found, while all fungal pathogens tested were not suppressed in NO treatment. However, in CB+NO treatment, non incidence of fungal pathogens and insect pests were found. The strain LE429 producing secondary metabolites with neem oil should be a potential agent to control fungal diseases and insect pests.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2005.07d
• /
• pp.2729-2731
• /
• 2005

In present, most of metallic structures(gas pipeline, oil pipeline, water pipeline, etc) are running parallel with subway and power line in seoul. Moreover subway system and power line make a stray current due to electrical corrosion on metallic structures. The owner of metallic structures has a burden of responsibility for the protection of corrosion and the prevention against big accident such as gas explosion or soil pollution and so on. So, they have to measure and analyze the data about P/S(Pipe to Soil) potential due to stray current of subway system. In this paper, results of development about Real-time Wireless Remote Monitoring System for Stray Current of Subway System are presented.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2005.07d
• /
• pp.2732-2734
• /
• 2005

In present, most of metallic structures(gas pipeline, oil pipeline, water pipeline, etc) are running parallel with subway and power line in seoul. Moreover subway system and power line make a stray current due to electrical corrosion on metallic structures. The owner of metallic structures has a burden of responsibility for the protection of corrosion and the prevention against big accident such as gas explosion or soil pollution and so on. So, they have to measure and analyze the data about P/S(Pipe to Soil) potential due to stray current of subway system. So, we have developed the Real-time Wireless Remote Monitoring System for Stray Current of Subway System. In this system, the permanent buried type reference electrode is necessary. In this paper, results of development about the permanent buried type reference electrode($Cu/CuSO_4$) are presented.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.145-147
• /
• 2005

In present, most of metallic structures(gas pipeline, oil pipeline, water pipeline, etc) are running parallel with subway and power line in seoul. Moreover subway system and power line make a stray current due to electrical corrosion on metallic structures. The owner of metallic structures has a burden of responsibility for the protection of corrosion and the prevention against big accident such as gas explosion or soil pollution and so on. So, they have to measure and analyze the data about P/S(Pipe to Soil) potential due to stray current of subway system. So, we have developed the Real-time Wireless Remote Monitoring System for Stray Current of Subway System. In this system, the permanent buried type reference electrode is necessary. In this paper, results of development of buried type reference electrode using porous ceramic$({\alpha}-Al_{2}O_{3})$ are presented.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.16 no.8
• /
• pp.1143-1150
• /
• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate in vitro methane production of feed ingredients and relationship between the content of crude nutrients and methane production. Feed ingredients (total 26) were grouped as grains (5 ingredients), brans and hulls (8), oil seed meals (9) roughages (3), and animal by-product (1) from their nutrient composition and their methane production protential were measured by in vitro gas test. Among the groups, the in vitro methane productions for both 6 and 24 h incubation were highest in grains, followed by brans and hulls, oil meals and roughages, animal byproducts. Within the group of grains, methane production from wheat flour was the highest, followed by wheat, corn, tapioca, and then oat. Within the brans and hulls, soybean hull showed the highest methane production and cotton seed hull, the lowest. Methane production from oil meals was lower compared with grains and brans and hulls, and in decreasing order production from canola meal was followed by soybean meal, coconut meal, and corn germ meal (p<0.01). Three ingredients were selected and the interactions among feed ingredients were evaluated for methane production. Correlation coefficient between measured and estimated values of the combinations were 0.91. Methane production from each feed ingredient was decreased with increasing amount of crude fiber (CF), protein (CP) and ether extract (EE), whereas positive relationship was noted with the concentrations of N-free extract (NFE). The multiple regression equation (n=134) for methane production and nutrient concentrations was as follows. Methane production (ml/0.2 g DM)=(0.032${\times}$CP)-(0.057${\times}$EE)-(0.012${\times}$CF)+(0.124${\times}$NFE) (p<0.01; $R^2$=0.929). Positive relationship was noted for CP and NFE and negative relationship for CF and EE. It seems possible to predict methane production potential from nutritional composition of the ingredients for their effective application on formulating less methane emitting rations.