• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2014

The oil sorption capacities and biodegradability of nonwoven fabrics(pads) of PP and PP/kapok(10/90wt%) blend prepared in this study and commercial pad(T2COM: 100% PP) were compared. The biodegradability(58.5%) of PP/kapok(10/90wt%) blend pad was about 5times higher than those(11%) of PP and T2COM pads after 45days. The oil sorption rates of oil sorbent pads for various oils(diesel, lubricant and Bunker C oils) were markedly increased with increasing dipping time up to about 5min and then levelled off. The oil sorption rate and oil sorption capacity were found to increase in the order of PP/kapok(10/90wt%) blend>PP>commercial(T2COM) and Bunker C>lubricant>diesel.

• Carbon letters
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

Exfoliated graphite was found to sorb selectively a large amount of heavy oil, about 80 g of heavy oil floating on water per 1 g of exfoliated graphite, which is highly possible to be applied to recovering spilled heavy oil. Sorption capacity, selectivity and kinetics of exfoliated graphite were reviewed. The possibility of recovery of heavy oil from exfoliated graphite and recycling of both recovered heavy oil and exfoliated graphite was also discussed. Its sorption performance was compared with other materials which were reported to show sorption of heavy oil.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2001

The amount of petroleum consumption has been Increased according to the industrialization and It leads to the increase of the possibility of marine oil pollution. In Korea, some countermeasures including oil skimmer, gelling agent and herding agent of oil have been used for the remediation of the pollution. However, most of them have lets of shortcomings in the application under in-situ condition, because they are sensitive to the situation such as geographical feature, the wind and the tide. In reported literature, the natural powdered oil absorbent which is made of peat moss is an effective mean to clean spilled oil from lake or coast. However, the peat moss is a natural resource which is only Produced from a specific cold weather are like Canada. This indicates that the alternative materials which is readily obtained from everywhere are needed for powdered oil absorbent. Therefore. in the study, same natural materials including pine leaves and straw are tested as the alternative materials for the absorbent. The raw materials were dried and treated by heat at various temperature during several Periods and then. shattered by a grain cracking machine. The oil sorption capacity of the prepared materials was compared according to the methods of heat treatment and their sizes. The proportion of hydrogen cyanide to combustion of the absorbents was measured to confirm their final disposal methods. The biodegradability test of the absorbents was carried our to evaluate possibility of a side pollution in the coast. In was found that the heat treatment of pine leaves enhanced the capacity of oil sorption and decreased the water sorption. The maximum oil sorption was observed for the material treated at 18$0^{\circ}C$for 60 min. The amount of hydrogen cyanide from the combustion were 0.09ml/g, 0.07ml/g for pine leaves and straw respectively meaning that the final disposal by combustion might be feasible. The amount or organic carbon extracted from pine leaves during 7 days was up to 0.015g organic carbon from one gram of pine leaves. but the degradation was as fast as for glucose. It is concluded that the pine leaves can be served as a good raw material for the powdered oil absorbent like peat moss.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.52-58
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• 2013

The effets of the pretreatments of tropical kapok fibers were evaluated in this study in terms of water sorption capacity and oil sorption capacity. The alkali treatments with NaOH resulted in the reduction of lignin, oil and hemicellulose, which were detected with FT-IR spectrum. The reduction of the lyphophilic components such as fat on kapok fiber by the ozone treatments were also measured with FT-IR spectrum. The oil sorption capacity of kapok fiber was decreased by the alkali treatments and the ozone treatments, while the water sorption capacity was increased. The liquid sorption capacity were greatly affected by the mechanical cutting of kapok fiber which exposed the big lumen of kapok fiber. The hydrophilic property of kapok fiber could be controlled by the pretreatments, which would increase the applicability of kapok fiber for preparation of various functional paper products.

• Carbon letters
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2001

Graphite intercalation compounds (GIC) were prepared by direct reaction of $SO_3$ gas with flake graphite. The intercalated $SO_3$ molecules were ejected by rapid heating to $950^{\circ}C$ under an oxidizing atmosphere for about 1 minute, resulting in surprisingly high expansion in the direction of c-axis. The characteristics of the micro-structure and pore size distribution were examined with a SEM and mercury intrusion porosimetry. The XRD analysis and spectroscopic analysis were used for the identification of the graphite and surface chemistry state. The pore size distribution of the exfoliated graphite (EG) was a range of $1{\sim}170{\mu}m$. The higher expanding temperature the higher expanded volume, so oil sorption capacities were 58.8 g of bunker-C oil and 34.7 g of diesel oil per 1 g of the the EG. The sorption equilibrium was achieved very rapidly within several minutes. As the treatment temperature increases, bulk density decreases.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.210-218
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• 2011

The structure of kapok fiber was characterized using FTIR and $^{13}C$-NMR spectrometers, elemental analyzer, x-ray diffractometer, SEM and IMT I-Solution ver 7.5. The kapok has a hollow tube shape and is composed of cellulose I with crystallinity of 47.95%. To develop novel oil-sorbent materials necessary to avoid the environmental pollution by spilled oil, the oil absorption capacity of various fibers such as kapok, polypropylene(PP), acryl, bamboo, cotton, rayon and wool fibers is compared in this study. The kapok fiber had the highest oil absorption capacity among the fibers and its water absorption capacity was the least. The kapok fiber selectively absorbed significant amounts of oils (43g/g of fiber for kerosene, 65g/g of fiber for soybean oil), which might be due to higher hydrophobicity of the kapok fiber, suggesting that kapok fiber may have high potential as excellent oil-absorbent materials.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.679-688
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• 2000

최근 해상유류오염사고시 사용되는 유화제는 해안으로 이동하여 또 다른 수질오염의 원인으로 문제가 되고 있다. 이 연구에서는 자성을 띠고 있는 흡착제를 이용하여 해수 속에 잔류하는 유화제를 제거하는 기술에 대해서 논의하였다. 본 실험에서는 자성을 띠는 흡착제로서 마그네타이트와 마그헤마이트를 이용하였고, 대표적인 유화제 성분으로는 음이온성 계면활성제인 SDDBS (Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid)와 비이온성 계면활성제인 Triton X-100 (t-octylphenoxypoly-ethoxyethanol)을 사용하였다. 실험은 두 흡착제의 유화제에 대한 흡착 평형시간과 흡착능에 대한 회분식 실험과 모의 실제 상황에서 흡착제가 영구자석이나 전자석에 의해 수거되는 양상을 알아보기 위한 수조실험으로 나누어 이루어졌다. 마그헤마이트는 계면활성제의 종류와 사용된 물의 종류에 상관없이 제거효율이 일정하게 나타나는데 비해 마그네타이트는 음이온성 계면활성제에 대해 선택적으로 고효율을 보이고 있고, 이온이 존재하는 해수보다는 증류수의 경우가 높은 효율을 보이고 있다. 미그네타이트의 흡착메커니즘은 정전기적 인력에 의한 것으로 판단되고, 마그헤마이트의 경우는 정전기적 인력과 함께 흡착능을 향상시키는 구조적 특정과 표면상태의 특성으로 설명되어진다. 수조실험에서는 흡착이 이루어진 후 자석에 의한 회수는 100%에 가까운 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과는 두 흡착제와 사석에 의한 유화제 제거방법이 실제 해상에서 적용되었을 때 유화제를 짧은 시간 내에 고효율로 처리할 수 있는 효과적인 방법임을 시사한다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2001년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.111-114
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• 2001

Thermal desorption process is valuable for the remediation of oil contaminated site. The system is physical separation process by volatizing oil contaminants from soil matrixes and is not designed to provide high levels of oil destruction. The process is not incineration, because the decomposition of oil materials is not the desired result, although some decomposition may occur. The physical and chemical properties that influence the design and operation of the system include boiling points, soil sorption characteristics, aqueous phase solubility, thermal stability, contaminating oil concentration, moisture contents, particle size distribution and etc.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.86-91
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• 2006

Oil spills caused by the accidents have been occurred from house and factory waste, grounded tanker, the rupture of storage tank and oil pipelines, the deterioration of various industrial facilities, etc. Many oil spills result in contamination of shorelines and workplace. Fire and explosion may happen from these spills. There are several technologies used for clean-up application, which include use of oil dispersing agents, absorbents, solidifiers, booms and skimmers by physical, chemical, and biological methods. Methods for oil spill clean-up operation are classified into the absorption type, gel type and self-swelling type. Porous materials with oil absorptive properties are classified into micropore, mesopore, and macropore depending on their pore sizes. Recently, new porous materials with smaller size have been developed, but the selective oil absorption in water-in-oil interface demonstrates the macro pore size. In this study oil absorption effects were evaluated using the organic porous materials with a complex function of gel type and swelling type. Samples were subjected to analysis by FT-IR spectroscopy and were characterized in terms of gel formation and morphologies. Oil sorption capacity, pressure retention force and gel strength were also measured. From these results, the physicochemical reactivity before and after gelation was verified and the industrial applications of clean-up operation were suggested.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.251-258
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• 1984

홍삼정분(紅蔘精粉)의 흡습물성(吸濕物性) 개선(改善)에 의한 품질안정성(品質安定性)을 유지(維持)하기 위하여 천연(天然)고무질, 다당류(多糖類), 단백질(蛋白質) 및 지질(脂質) 등을 첨가(添加) 및 피막처리(被膜處理)하여 흡습율(吸濕率), 용해도(溶解度), 침강속도(沈降速度) 등을 비교(比較)하였으며 학대조건(虐待條件)하에서 장기저장(長期貯藏)하면서 피막처리제품(被朧處理製品)의 품질안정성(品質安定性)을 비교(比較)하였다. 1. 첨가제(添加劑) 자체의 방습효과(防濕效果)는 casein>dextrin>starch>aviceil의 순(順)이었으며 첨가(添加)했을 때는 corn oil + tween 40>starch>case의 순(順)으로 효과(效果)가 인정되었으나 대조구(對照區)에 비해 1%의 첨가(添加)로는 만족할만한 효과(效果)를 기대할 수 없었다. 2. 홍삼정분(紅蔘精粉)의 피막처리(被膜處理)에 사용된 피막제(被膜劑) 중에서 AEA, CAP 등은 방습효과(防濕動果)를 인정할 수 없었지만 HPC, corn oil, lecithin, HPC+corn oil등은 상당한 방습효과(防濕效業)가 인정되었으며 피막처리(被膜處理) 전에 홍삼정분(紅蓼精粉)의 초기수분함량(初期水分含量)을 조정(調整)할 필요가 있다고 판단되었다. 3. 1%이하의 피막제(被膜劑)처리(處理)에 의한 홍삼정분(紅蓼精粉)의 용해도(溶解度)에는 문제(問題)가 없었으며 침전속도(沈澱速度)를 비교(比較)하더라도 대조구(對照區) (65.1 sec)에 비해 1% HPC, 1% corn oil, 1% lecithin, 1% HPC +0.5% corn oil 처리구(處理區)(95.2${\sim}$114.3 sec)는 4.5${\sim}$l.8배(培) 높아 용해도(溶解度) 등 상품가치유지(商品價値維持)에 바람직하였다. 4. 피막제(被膜劑) 처리제품(處理製品)의 흡습율(吸濕率)을 대조구(對照區)를 100%로 하여 비교(比較)했을 때 $0.5{{\sim}}1.0%$의 lecithin 처리구(處理區)는 $54{{\sim}}56%$, 0.8%의 corn oil 처리구(處理區)는 $51{{\sim}}55%$, 0.8%의 cellulose acetate 처리구(處理區)는 $52{{\sim}}54%$로서 대조구(對照區)에 비(比)해 약 2배(倍)정도의 방습효과(防濕效果)가 인정되었다. 5. 피막제(被膜劑) 처리제품(處理製品)을 최학대조건(最虐待條件)($48{\pm}2^{\circ}C$, 75%RH)에서 3개월간(個月間)의 저장실험결과(貯藏實驗結果), $0.8{{\sim}}1.0%$의 corn oil 처리구(處理區) $0.5{{\sim}}0.8%$의 cellulose acetate(DES) 처리구(處理區) 및 1%의 lecithin(DES) 처리구(處理區)는 전연 흡습(吸濕)이 나타나지 않았으며 응고(凝固) 및 용해도(溶解度) 등에 아무런 이상(異狀)이 없으므로 3년(年)이상의 유효기간(有效期間)을 설정(設定)할 수 있다고 판단되었다. 6. 따라서 첨가제(添加劑)의 효과(效果)는 크게 기대(期待)할 수 없으나 corn oil, cellulose acetate 및 lecithin등의 피막처리(被膜處理)에 의하여 홍삼정분(紅蔘精粉)의 품질안정성(品質安定性)이 유지(維持)될 것이며, 이때 초기수분함량(初期水分含量)을 조정(調整)하는 것이 더욱 바람직 할 것으로 판단된다.