• Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2010

Co-combustion of syngas in an existing boiler can be one of the options for replacing conventional fossil fuel with alternative fuels such as waste and biomass. This study is aimed to investigate effects of syngas cocombustion on combustion characteristics and boiler efficiency. An experimental study was performed for a pilot-scale furnace with 4 oil burners. Tests were conducted with mixture-gas as a co-combustion fuel and heavy oil as a main fuel. The mixture-gas was composed of 15% CO, 7% $H_2$, 3% $CH_4$ and 75% $N_2$ for simulating syngas from air-blown gasification. And LHV of the mixture-gas was 890 kcal/$Nm^3$. Temperature distribution in the furnace and flue gas composition were measured for various heat replacement ratio by the mixture gas. Heat loss through the wall was also carried out through heat & mass balance calculation, in order to obtain informations related to boiler efficiency. Experimental results show that similar temperature distribution and flue gas composition can be obtained for the range of 0~20% heat replacement by syngas. NOx concentration is slightly decreased for higher heat replacement by the syngas because fuel NOx is decreased in the case. Meanwhile, heat loss is a bit decreased for higher heat replacement by the syngas, which implies that boiler efficiency can be a bit decreased when syngas co-combustion is applied to a boiler.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.175-186
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• 2006

There are disputes for oil and gas development between China and Japan in the East China Sea. These involve the area where China is already carrying out activities of oil and gas development and where Japan is proclaiming its EEZ. China insists that the Chinese activities on oil and gas development area are being carried out within the Chinese jurisdictional waters even if the median line principle of Japanese proclamation is applied in delimitation. Indeed, the permit for Japanese development is causing disputes between China and Japan because its permit allows development in the waters adjacent to Chinese development area. h the event, the core of this dispute around the oil and gas field in the East China Sea relates to issues of maritime boundary delimitation and issues of resources acquisition with both states. Chinese policy on oil and gas development is to first consider development issues in accordance with a median line principle where waters toward to China from the median line should be developed by China and the area toward Japan from the median line within the Chinese continental shelf should be jointly developed. However, the Japanese position is that the East China Sea should be jointly developed, and Japan hopes to eventually convince China to accept its median line delimitation. With on-going development of such issues, Korea should establish a strategy of negotiation based on analyses of resource distributional conditions and other strategic factors in the Korean delimitation area. In particular, Korea should prepare and make the best use of joint development zone established in an agreement between the ROK and Japan concerning the development of the southern part of continental shelf adjacent to both states.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.483-486
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 디스크 이동식 열분해 실증 설비를 이용하여 폐타이어 열분해 반응을 수행하였고, 생성된 열분해 생성물들의 특성을 분석하였다. 폐타이어 열분해 반응은 약 $550^{\circ}C$에서 90분간 진행되었고, 반응 결과 Recovered Oil, Carbon Black, Non Condensing Gas(NC Gas)가 생성되었다. 폐타이어 열분해 생성물의 수율은 Recovered Oil $40{\sim}50%$, Carbon Black 30$\sim$35%, NC Gas 10$\sim$15%, Steel 10$\sim$15%로 나타났다. 폐타이어 열분해 반응 후 생성된 Recovered Oil은 비점 및 특성 분석 결과 상업용 중유와 비슷한 성질을 나타냈고, 폐타이어 열분해 반응의 또 다른 생성물인 Carbon Black은 특성 분석 결과 고정 탄소 비율이 낮은 반면 회분과 휘발분의 비율이 높아 상업용으로 사용하기 위해서는 적절한 정제 과정이 필요함을 알 수 있었다.열분해 과정 중에 생성된NC Gas는 GC/MS를 이용하여 성분 분석을 수행한 결과, $CO_2$, $CH_4$를 비롯하여 주로 탄화수소류로 이루어졌으며, 대부분이 연료 가스로 구성되어 있어 열분해 반응의 열원으로서 사용이 가능하였다.

• Plant Journal
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2020

This study analyzes the requirements for international standardization by studying the approach to international standardization of equipment and bulk materials in the offshore oil & gas industry, and describes the prioritization of standardized equipment and the result of standardization in the first stage. Currently, international standardization activities can be classified into three activities. First, international standardization activities of bulk materials led by three major domestic shipbuilders, second, JIP33 equipment standardization activities led by IOGP, and finally, And standardization activities of UEJIP equipment centered on classification society. This study classifies various international standards applied in the offshore oil & gas industry, and introduces the activities of standardization activities of class-leading equipment and actual application examples.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.1320-1332
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• 2016

Light hydrocarbons accumulated in subsurface soil by long-term microseepage could favor the anomalous growth of indigenous hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms, which could be crucial indicators of underlying petroleum reservoirs. Here, Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was conducted to determine the bacterial community structures in soil samples collected from three typical oil and gas fields at different locations in China. Incubation with n-butane at the laboratory scale was performed to confirm the presence of "universal microbes" in light-hydrocarbon microseepage ecosystems. The results indicated significantly higher bacterial diversity in next-to-well samples compared with background samples at two of the three sites, which were notably different to oil-contaminated environments. Variation partitioning analysis showed that the bacterial community structures above the oil and gas fields at the scale of the present study were shaped mainly by environmental parameters, and geographic location was able to explain only 7.05% of the variation independently. The linear discriminant analysis effect size method revealed that the oil and gas fields significantly favored the growth of Mycobacterium, Flavobacterium, and Pseudomonas, as well as other related bacteria. The relative abundance of Mycobacterium and Pseudomonas increased notably after n-butane cultivation, which highlighted their potential as biomarkers of underlying oil deposits. This work contributes to a broader perspective on the bacterial community structures shaped by long-term light-hydrocarbon microseepage and proposes relatively universal indicators, providing an additional resource for the improvement of microbial prospecting of oil and gas.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1277-1282
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• 2011

Recently, many car drivers were damaged by gas station which support similar oil product and not quantitative gas. It were expected to increase above-mentioned damages. By using similar oil products, caused damage are working of lubrication in the fuel line, elf-cleaning function, the part of the early deterioration, impure accumulation in the fuel line, toxicity material in exhaust emissions and unidentified chemical reaction. To prevent these damages, proposed system use in-vehicle state data with OBD-II protocol, measure quantitative gas and similar oil. In this paper, there have implemented similar oil identification and quantitative gas system through OBD-II scanner to provide WiFi communcation by using WinCe development Board.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 1989

Turbine oil이라고 하는 것은 각종 turbine에 쓰여지고 있는 윤활유를 총칭하는 것으로 turbine의 종류로부터 증기 turbine oil, 수력 turbine oil, gas turbine oil로, 그리고 용도에 따라서 육상 turbine oil. 선박 turbine oil, 윤활유의 특성에 따라 R & O turbine oil, EP turbine oil로 분류하고 있으며, tribology라고 하는 것은 간략하게 말하면 마찰, 마모, 윤활, 축수, 설계 등에 관한 제반문제들을 물리학, 화학, 역학 및 금속학 등의 관점으로부터 종합적으로 취급하는 기술이다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.350-361
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• 2008

Canada's oil sands contain one of the largest reserves of oil in the world. According to recent estimates, there are nearly 180 billion barrels of oil in the Canadian oil sands trapped in a complex mixture of sand, water and clay. More than 40 companies have been currently operating or developing oil sands facilities since the first production in 1967. The process of oil sands upgrading is similar with down stream refinery, but the corrosion environment in upgrading refinery is often more severe than in the refinery because of high chlorides, mineral contents, carbonic acid, heavy viscosity and fouling, higher naphthenic acid [$NA-R(CH_{2})nCOOH$], and greater sulfur contents. Naphthenic acid corrosion (NAC) which is one of the most critical corrosion issues in up & downstream refinery plants was observed for the first time in 1920's in refinery distillation processes of Rumania, Azerbaizan (Baku), Venezuela, and California. As a first API report, the 11th annual meeting stated sources and mechanism of NAC in early 1930's. API has been developing the risk base standards, such as API RP580, 571, and Publication 581 which are based on the worst NAC damage in the world since 2000. Nevertheless not only the NAC phenomena and control in Canadian sands oil process are not much widely known but also there are still no engineering guidances for the Canadian sands oil in API standards. This paper will give NAC phenomina and materials selection guidance against NA environment in Canadian oil sands upgrading processes.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.85-92
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• 2006

Crude oil is complex mixture if thousands of different organic compound formed from a variety of organic materials that are chemically converted under differing geological conditions over long periods of time. Also oil composition varies according to crude source, refining, processing, handling and storage. The oil fingerprint method is application if specific knowledge of petrochemicals and use if sophisticated analytical equipment and techniques to identify the source(s) if oil pollution. KCG currently utilizes four primary analytical techniques: Gas Chromatography (GC), Fluorescence Spectroscopy(FL), Infrared Spectroscopy(IR) and Gas Chromatography mass spectrometer(GC/MS). Of all these techniques, GC technique are most widely used Gas Chromatography is used as a primary analytical method because high reliableness, high separating efficiency and repeatability.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.403-406
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• 2018

We have investigated a fiber-optic sensor for detecting the hydrogen gas dissolved in insulation oil based on a palladium (Pd)-coated fiber Bragg grating (FBG). As the palladium absorbs the hydrogen gas dissolved in the insulation oil, its volume expands and the Bragg wavelength shifts to a longer wavelength. The experimental results showed that the Bragg wavelength of FBG increased to 70 nm when the concentration of hydrogen dissolved in the insulation oil was 409 ppm.