• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.179-183
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• 2012

As one of promising solutions to overcome high oil price and energy crisis, the construction market of high value-added LNG plants is spotlighted world widely. The purpose of this study is to introduce LNG-RBI system to develop risk assessment technology with RAM(Reliability, Availability, Maintainability) modules against overseas monopolization. After analyzing relevant specific features and their technical levels, risk assessment program, non-destructive reliability evaluation strategy and safety criteria unification class are derived as core technologies. These IT-based convergence technologies can be used for enhancement of LNG plant efficiency, in which the modular parts are related to a system with artificial optimized algorithms as well as diverse databases of facility inspection and diagnosis fields.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.787-813
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• 2009

최근 기후변화가 가장 큰 이슈로 부각되고 있는 가운데 북극의 해빙이 점차 줄어들고 있다는 점을 강조하고 있다. 이에 따라 세계적으로 화석연료를 줄이려는 정책적 움직임을 보이고 있다. 그런데 기후변화로 인한 북극의 해빙 감소를 천연가스 자원개발 측면에서 보면 예전에 비해 오히려 낮은 단위 비용으로 천연가스를 생산할 수 있는 기회를 만들어주고 있는 것이다. 본 논문은 이러한 양자 모순관계에서 북극의 천연가스에 대한 영유권을 갖고 있는 국가들은 어떠한 정책을 갖고 움직이고 있는지를 살펴보고자 하였다. 특히 북극에서 가장 많은 매장량을 갖고 있는 러시아의 북극에서의 천연가스 개발 정책이 향후 세계 천연가스시장에서의 수급에 미칠 영향이 상당할 것으로 분석되는 바, 이에 대한 국가적 대응책이 마련되어져야 할 것이다. 러시아가 2030~2040년대에 매장량이 풍부한 야말 반도에서 생산된 천연가스를 북극항로를 통해 액화천연가스(LNG) 수송선으로 수출하게 되면 세계 천연가스시장의 구조는 새로운 단계로 발전될 것이다. 왜냐하면 이러한 거래 형태는 이전의 천연가스 거래에 있어서 지리적 한계를 뛰어 넘을 뿐만 아니라 이제까지의 파이프라인 가스(PNG) 거래 중심에서 액화천연가스(LNG) 거래 중심으로 무게가 이동하기 때문이다. 한편 우리나라와 같이 북극에 대한 영유권을 갖고 있지 않은 중국이나 일본의 움직임을 살펴보면서 우리에게 주는 타산지석의 교훈을 얻고자 하는 것이다.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.192-202
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• 2013

최근 유가 상승 및 지구 온난화에 대한 온실가스의 규제 강화로 인해 국내 천연가스 수요가 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 이에 국내 천연가스 시장의 공급 안전성을 높이기 위하여, 2008년 한국가스공사와 Gazprom 간에 러시아 파이프라인 천연가스 공급에 관한 협약서를 체결하기도 했다. 러시아 PNG 도입계획이 본격화되어 천연가스가 도입되면 겨울철에 가스 수요가 집중되는 국내의 경우엔 천연가스 수급 균형을 위하여 지하저장시설이 필수적으로 요구될 것이다. 본 연구는 암반등급, 토피고, 저장압력, 현지측압계수(Ko)를 변수로 하여 천연가스 저장 공동의 안정성을 정량적으로 평가하였다. 제안된 설계변수에 따른 저장 공동의 거동을 파악하기 위해 축대칭 조건을 사용하여 2차원 응력해석을 수행하였다. 해석 결과 전단강도/전단응력으로 정의된 공동의 안전율은 심도, 암반등급 및 저장압력에 크게 영향을 받았으나 측압계수의 영향은 거의 없었다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.391-399
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• 2005

This paper deals with the survey of domestic hydrogen production, consumption, and distribution. The amount of domestic hydrogen production and consumption has not been identified, and we survey the amount of domestic hydrogen production and consumption by industries. The hydrogen production industries are classified into the oil industry, the petrochemical industry, the chemical industry, and the other industry. In 2004, the amount of domestic hydrogen production was 972,601 ton, which corresponded to 1.9% of the global hydrogen production. The oil industry produced 635,683 ton(65.4%), the petrochemical industry produced 241,970 ton(24.9%), the chemical industry produced 66,250 ton(6.8%), the other industry produced 28,698 ton(2.9%). The hydrogen consumptions of corresponding industries were close to the hydrogen productions of industries except that of the other industry. Most hydrogen was used as non-energy for raw materials and hydrogen additions to the process. Only 122,743 ton(12.6%) of domestic hydrogen was used as energy for heating boilers. In 2004, 47,948 ton of domestic hydrogen was distributed. The market shares of pipeline, tube trailers and cylinders were 84.4% and 15.6%, respectively. The purity of 31,848 ton(66.4%) of the distributed hydrogen was 99.99%, and 16,100 ton(33.6%) was greater than or equal to 99.999%. Besides domestic hydrogen, we also identify the byproduct gases which contain hydrogen. The iron industry produces COG( coke oven gas), BFG(blast furnace gas), and LDG(Lintz Donawitz converter gas) that contain hydrogen. In 2004, byproduct gases of the iron industry contained 355,000 ton of hydrogen.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2020

In recent years, oil prices have continued to be low owing to the development of unconventional resources such as shale gas, coalbed methane gas, and tight gas. However, shipping companies are still experiencing difficulties because of recession in the shipping market. Hence, they devote considerable effort toward reducing operating costs. One of the important parameters for reducing operating costs is the frictional resistance of vessels. Generally, a vessel is covered with paint for smoothing its surface. However, frictional resistance increases with time owing to surface roughness, such as that caused by fouling. To prevent this, shipping companies periodically clean or repaint the surfaces of vessels using analyzed operating data. In addition, studies using various methods have been continuously carried out to identify this phenomenon such as fouling for managing ships more efficiently. In this study, numerical simulation was used to analyze the change in the resistance performance of a ship owing to an increase in surface roughness using commercial software, i.e., Star-CCM+, which solves the continuity and Navier eStokes equations for incompressible and viscous flow. The conditions for numerical simulation were verified through comparison with experiments, and these conditions were applied to three ships to evaluate resistance performance according to surface roughness.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.162-170
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• 2009

고유가 및 에너지 문제 해결대책의 하나로 고부가가치 산업인 액화천연가스(LNG) 플랜트 건설시장에 대한 세계적 관심이 증대되고 있다. 본 논문은 선진국의 기술독점에 대응하기 위해 추진중인 우리나라의 위험도평가 기술개발 방안을 소개하기 위한 것이다. 먼저 위험도평가 기술을 정의한 후 국내외 기술의 특징 및 수준을 분석하였다. 기술분석 결과를 토대로 위험도평가 프로그램, 비파괴진단 신뢰도평가 기술, 안전기준 통합클래스 개발이라는 핵심 요소를 도출하였다. 이는 정보 기반의 융합기술로써, 다양한 설비 검사 및 진단분야의 데이터베이스와 인공지능형 최적화 기법을 탑재한 비파괴평가 시스템과 연계하여 LNG 플랜트 모듈화 및 효율성 개선을 위해 활용될 수 있다.

• 무역학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.289-304
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• 2022

Korea's LNG and crude oil are the most important energy and export raw materials, but 100% import resources by overseas. However, tanker shipping companies, which play the most crucial role in energy cargo security, are very small in number and size, which can be a factor in the supply chain crisis. Therefore, this paper studied the policy of expanding tanker transportation necessary for the transport of crude oil and LNG in Korea. In the existing literature, there was no policy study necessary for tanker ships, but referring only to the importance of overseas energy development and transportation, so we tried to derive various demands necessary for expanding the tanker fleet through expert interviews and AHP which was conducted on 89 related energy institutions to derive policies and their priorities. The results of the study are as follows. As for the policy, the financial support policy was the highest priority, followed by the business and the mutual cooperation policy of related agencies. Tax support (22.6%) and ship financing (19.4%) were the highest priorities, followed by the Energy Intermediate Promotion Act (11.9%), Tanker Guarantee Insurance (10.6%), Energy Budget Independence (9.3%), and Korea Trader Development (8.2%). Energy governance (6.3%), information center establishment (6.2%), and energy procurement committee (5.5%) ranked seventh, eighth, and ninth. The research results show that it is necessary to supply sufficient ships to the market through the expansion of ship finance for tankers and to follow business support policies such as guarantee insurance. In addition, it was also possible to derive that the financial resources need to be determined by law and independent budgets for consistency and continuity.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.307-322
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• 2014

With the rate of worldwide LNG demand expected to grow faster than that of gas demand, most major oil companies are currently investing their resources to develop floating LNG-FLNG (i.e. LNG FSRU and LNG FPSO). The global Floating LNG (FLNG) market trend will be reviewed based on demand and supply chain relationships. Typical technical issues associated with FLNG design are categorized in terms of global performance evaluation. Although many proven technologies developed through LNG carrier and oil FPSO projects are available for FLNG design, we are still faced with several technical challenges to clear for successful FLNG projects. In this study, some of the challenges encountered during development of the floating LNG facility (i.e. LNG FPSO and FSRU) will be reviewed together with their investigated solution. At the same time, research of new LNG-related technologies such as combined containment system will be presented.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.165-169
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• 2016

The quantitative analytical method for the bioactive substance, 3-cyano-4-methoxy-N-methyl-2-pyridone (ricinine) and an index compound, ricinoleic acid in castor plant (Ricinus communis) extract or oil was developed. For the determination of a pyridone alkaloid compound, ricinine, successive cartridge cleanup method combined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography was set up with $ENVI-Carb^{TM}$ (0.5 g) and $C_{18}$ SPE cartridges. Accuracy and precision were evaluated through fortification studies of one biopesticide (PE) at 10 and $100mg\;kg^{-1}$. Mean recoveries of ricinine were 98.7 and 96.0 % associated with less than 10 % RSD, respectively. For the determination of ricinoleic acid in castor extract and oil, saponification and methylation were optimized using gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry. Recovery was more than 84.8 % associated with 6.2 % RSD after derivatization procedure. Both methodologies developed were applied to analyze real samples including three castor oil products and six commercially available biopesticides containing R. communis, collected at Korean market. The contents of ricinine and ricinoleic acid in most commercial biopesticides were less than the oil or extract contents indicated by label.

• 플랜트 저널
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.64-70
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• 2010

From 2000, the world plant market, especially plant developing business related to oil and gas, has been increasing. Domestic construction companies advance to overseas plant construction market actively, and proportioning to this, an importance of utility construction is increasing. However, the project becomes large and high-tech, and many companies experience difficulty of project management due to relatively high risk of overseas construction. In this study, we built the standard process with which domestic company can evaluate the risk of overseas plant utility construction. Primary factors for risk evaluation is derived, classification system is made out, primary factor is analyzed, and counter plan is suggested. And thorough management of risk is performed by risk management organization that manages the risks, risk control methods, reports and monitors through risk sheet and risk action log from the start of project to the end.