• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 유체기계공업학회 2003년도 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.278-283
• /
• 2003

A generation rate of sludge in Korea had increased dramatically about 200 % for a decade. A requirement for high efficiency dewatering system being possible to produce the low water content cake have suggested due to the appearanceof commercial and social problems about handling of dewatered cake. The conventional dewatering system with mechanical compression device was not suitable to produce the low water content cake and didn'tcope with lots of requirements. Therefore, this paper was to develop the high efficient filter press with the compressive and heating forces through the heating plate to be built between membrane filter plates. It is possible to produce the low water content cake and improve the dewatering rate, so this equipment positively coped with several types of problems related to the sludge dewatering. The plate heated by heat transfer materials such as steam, hot water and thermo-oil made the sludge make the residual moisture within the cake to discharge easilyand to improve the dewatering efficiency of equipment. The pilot scale experiment with 500kg of cake production showed that the dewatering efficiency determined by the final water content and dewatering velocity was improved 30% more than the conventional dewatering equipment.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.30-36
• /
• 2001

This review begins with a brief expression of aerosol capture mechanism of fibrous filter(s) and performance of particulate removing respirators. The more complicated and detailed discussion is not included in this articles. Filtration efficiency and pressure drop are introduced as quality factor ( $q_{F}$) and the way in which filtration efficiency varies with particle size is discussed. Quality factors fro filters recently certified in USA were found to be very higher than those of filters made in Korea, China and USA filters certified with old certified standards. Electrically charged filters are widely used because they have high filtration efficiency and low pressure drop, but their efficiency decreases sharply at the condition occurring wet and oil mist. A discussion is given of respirator leakage through face seal and filter media with fit testing and total inward leakage testing. Since fit factor (FF) refers to the reciprocal of the fraction of the total air entering a respirator through face seal leakage , the degree of fitting performance for respirators is expected with FF. Because respirators made in Korea had generally lower FFs than respirators made in USA, it is necessary to develope respirators that fit properly for Koreans or establish regulations for fit testing.g.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제46권1호
• /
• pp.194-199
• /
• 2008

본 연구에서는 자트로파 오일로부터 바이오디젤을 생산하는데 적합한 유리지방산의 에스테르화 조건을 검토하였다. 자트로파 오일의 초기 산가는 11.5 mg KOH/g으로, 알칼리 촉매를 적용한 직접 전이에스테르화 공정은 바이오디젤 수율이 낮은 문제가 있어 유리지방산을 산촉매를 사용하여 에스테르화 후 전이에스테르화하는 2단계 반응공정의 적용이 필요하였다. 전처리 공정에 적합한 고체 산 촉매를 도출하기 위해 4가지 고체 산 촉매에 대한 성능 비교 연구를 수행하였으며 Amberlyst-15를 최적 촉매로 선정하였다. Amberlyst-15를 사용한 반응표면분석법(response surface method, RSM)에 의해 구한 최적 전처리 반응조건은 메탄올 6.79%, 촉매 17.14%로, 산가가 0.7 mgKOH/g으로 감소하였다. 전처리 후 알칼리 촉매 KOH를 이용한 전이에스테르화 반응을 가압 회분식 반응기에서 수행하여 바이오디젤을 생산하였다. 그 결과 지방산 메틸 에스터(fatty acid methyl ester, FAME) 함량 97.35%를 비롯하여 산화 안정성 8.17 h, 총 글리세롤 함량 0.125%, 저온필터막힘점(cold filter plugging point, CFPP) $0^{\circ}C$ 등으로 나타났으며 주요 바이오디젤 품질규격을 모두 만족하였다.

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.39-48
• /
• 2009

바이오디젤은 온실가스 배출의 큰 비중을 차지하는 수송용 차량의 대체연료로서 가장 우수한 재생에너지원으로 평가되고 있다. 그러므로 바이오디젤의 폭넓은 확대와 신뢰성 향상을 위해서는 바이오디젤의 품질 개선에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 폐식용유를 원료로 에스테르화 반응을 통해 바이오디젤 (BD100, BD20)을 제조한 후 품질기준 24개 항목의 적합성 여부를 분석하였다. 폐식용유와 바이오디젤은 Oleic acid, Linoleic acid, Linolenic acid과 같은 불포화 지방산의 함량이 높아서 바이오디젤의 원료로 사용해도 이상 없는 것으로 확인되었다. 바이오디젤 품질기준 항목 분석 결과 BD100의 산화안정도는 2시간, BD20의 지방산메틸에스테르 18.6w%, 필터막힘점 $-5^{\circ}C$로서 기준범위에 미달하였으나 나머지 항목들은 품질기준에 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 일부 항목에 대한 품질개선 기술에 대한 연구가 뒷받침되면 폐자원을 이용한 대체에너지로서의 활용도 향상에 기여 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 분석과학
• /
• 제14권5호
• /
• pp.451-457
• /
• 2001

절삭유(Metalworking Fludis, MWF) 노출로 인한 건강상의 장애는 암, 호흡기질환, 피부질환이다. MWF는 20여가지 이상의 화학물질이 혼합된 고분자의 화합물로서 상온에서 쉽게 증발되지 않는다. 이러한 특성으로 공기 중 MWF미스트의 측정과 분석은 PVC필터를 이용한 중량법이 국제적으로 공인되어 이용되고 있다. 그러나 사업장에서 MWF는 사용과정에서 분산되면 표면적이 커지고 증발하기 쉬운 상태로 된다. 본 연구는 실험실에서 MWF미스트 발생장치를 제작하여 MWF미스트가 필터에 채취되고 분석되는 과정에서 손실되는 양과 원인을 정량적으로 분석하였다. 즉 챔버에서 MWF가 채취된 PVC필터를 깨끗한 공기로 일정시간동안(10 ~ 240 분) 접촉하고 건조하여 각각의 과정(공기접촉, 건조기간)에서의 손실을 평가하였다. 공기와의 접촉 10분 후에 손실된 MWF양은 원래양의 12.4% - 21.8%였다. 전과정에서 손실된 양의 53.3%가 공기의 접촉초기에 일어나는 것을 확인하였다. PVC필터에 채취된 MWF의 손실은 건조과정에서 일어난 것을 확인하였다. PVC필터에 채취된 MWF의 손실에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하기 위한 다중회귀분석에서 MWF의 특성(사용중인 것과 사용하지 않는 것)이 유의한 예측변수였다. 이 연구 결과에 따르면, 국제적으로 공인된 증량법에 의한 공기중 MWF측정은 과소평가되는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.361-369
• /
• 2017

In this study, the characteristics of the dust emission according to the presence or absence of operation of the gas stove were analyzed by particle size analysis and density estimation while the mackerel was cooked while the fan was placed on the gas stove used in the home. The experiment was carried out using 20 mackerel of normal size at home. Commercially available canola oil was used as edible oil. In order to understand the characteristics such as particle size distribution of fine dust, light scattering measurement method which can be measured at intervals of several seconds was used. Particles generated by combustion of gas stove, particles formed by heating cooking oil, and particles generated by heating mackerel fish meat are judged to be nano size particles smaller than $1{\mu}m$. Therefore, it is necessary to use precise measurement method rather than the measurement method using the filter which is currently being measured in the measurement of the particles discharged from the fuel combustion or food cooking in the future. Analyzing the particle size and density of the dust emitted from the cooking stove is expected to contribute technically to the reduction of dust emissions from the cooking process of gas and fuel facilities at home and commercial facilities.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.651-658
• /
• 2018

Particulate matter (PM) emitted from fossil fuel-combustion facilities can be classified as either filterable or condensable PM. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) defined condensable PM as material that is in the phase of vapor at the stack temperature of the sampling location which condenses, reacts upon cooling and dilution in the ambient air to form solid or liquid in a few second after the discharge from the stack. Condensable PM passed through the filter media and it is typically ignored. But condensable PM was defined as a component of primary PM. This study investigates the change of condensable PM according to the variation in the sulfur dioxide of combustion gas. Domestic oil boilers were used as the source of emission ($SO_2$) and the level of $SO_2$ concentration (0, 50, 80, and 120 ppm) was adjusted by diluting general light oil and marine gas oil (MGO) that contains sulfur less than 0.5%. Condensable PM was measured as 2.72, 6.10, 8.38, and $13.34mg/m^3$ when $SO_2$ concentration in combustion gas were 0, 50, 80, and 120 ppm respectively. The condensable PM tended to increase as the concentration of $SO_2$ increased. Some of the gaseous air pollutants emitted from the stack should be considered precursors of condensable PM. The gas phase pollutants which converted into condensable PM should reduced for condensable PM control.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.145-156
• /
• 2014

Macrobenthic biodiversity in the rocky intertidal areas of the Tae-an region, Republic of Korea, has decreased since the Hebei Spirit oil spill in December 2007. We aimed to investigate ecological roles of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) because recruitment and growth of oysters are critical to the recovery of damaged rocky shore ecosystem. We surveyed two sites monthly: natural rocky substrate and farming substrate, from July 2012 to January 2013 to identify and compare the changes in macrobenthic fauna. The abundance of young oysters was higher at the natural site. On the other hand, the mean height of oyster on the farming substrate was more than twice as great. The abundance of oyster at the natural site increased until October and then continuously decreased until end of study period. However, the abundance of oyster at the farming site constantly decreased from the beginning of study period. These different growth patterns might be attributable to spatial competition between oyster and a barnacle species (Balanus albicostatus) and environmental factors. At the natural site, physical stress factors including dramatic temperature changes and desiccation a few of the major factors limiting growth during aerial exposure. In addition, motile macrobenthos could be detrimental to oysters because they interrupt filter-feeding activities and hence hamper the growth of oysters. We show the higher recruitment of oysters at the natural site and healthy growth in the farming substrate are due to complicated differences in physical and biological stress factors.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제35권2호
• /
• pp.153-158
• /
• 1996

국내산 41종과 79종 식물체 메탄올 추출물 및 일본산 1종 식물체 정유의 솔잎혹파리(Thecodiplosis japonensis Uchida et Inouye) 유충에 대한 살충황성을 여지접촉법과 충제침지법으로 조사한 결과 살추활성은 식물체 종류에 따라 달리 나타났다. 여지접촉법으로 여지당 시료 10mg을 처리하였을 때, 국내산 미나리아재비과의 지범, 부자의 위령선 뿌리 추출물과 일본산 측백나무과의 Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondai 톱밥의 정유가 90%이사의 살충활성을 보였다. 그러나 충제침지법(5,000ppm)을이용한 생물검정에서는 T.dolabrata var. hondai 톱밥의 정유만이 강한 살충활성을 나타내었다. 따라서 T.dolabrata var. Hondai 톱밥의 추출물의 솔잎 혹파리에의한 소나무림의 피해를 줄일 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 열처리공학회지
• /
• 제36권5호
• /
• pp.311-317
• /
• 2023

An autofilter is a device that removes impurities contained in heavy fuel oil used in diesel engines of ships or power plants, and also automatically removes impurities accumulated in the filter through a reverse washing function. The reducer-integrated motor serves to rotate the filter at low speed to enable reverse automatic cleaning in the autofilter device. To achieve a low speed of 0.65 to 0.75 rpm in a reducer-integrated motor, a small motor that can operate at 97rpm at a rated voltage of 110 V and 112.5 rpm at 220 V is required. Additionally, a large gear ratio of 1/150 is required. To ensure the durability and reliability of these reducers, the strength of the gear must be evaluated at the design stage. In general, there is a limit to evaluating the stress and strain state according to the vibration characteristics acting on each gear in the driving state of the reducer through quasi-static analysis. Therefore, in this study, the operation characteristics of the auto filter's reducer-integrated motor were first analyzed using the rigid body dynamics analysis method. Then, this rigid body dynamics analysis model was extended to a flexible multibody dynamics analysis model to analyze the stress and strain states acting on each gear and evaluate the design feasibility of the gear.