• 제목/요약/키워드: Ofloxacin

검색결과 110건 처리시간 0.019초

액체크로마토그래피-형광검출기를 이용한 닭고기 중 플루오로퀴놀론계 항균물질 정량분석 및 잔류조사 (Determination and Survey of Fluoroquinolones Residue in Chicken Muscle by HPLC with Fluorescence Detector)

  • 박은정;임지흔;이성모
    • 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.12-18
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    • 2004
  • 1. 닭고기에서 4종의 플루오로퀴놀론계 합성항균제(ofloxacin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin)를 액상추출법으로 추출하여 형광검출기와 HPLC를 이용하여 동시 정량 분석하는 방법을 확립하였으며 분석조건으로서 컬럼은 Symmetry Cl8(250${\times}$4.6 mm id, 5 $\mu\textrm{m}$), 이동상은 0.4% triethylamine 및 0.4% phospholic acid 수용액, methanol 및 acetonitrile 혼합용액(800: 100: 100, v/v/v)을 사용하였으며, 형광검출기는 여기파장 278 nm, 측정파장 456 nm으로 그리고 유속은 1.0 $m\ell$/min., 주입량은 50 ${\mu}\ell$로 하였다. 확립된 분석조건으로 측정한 ofloxacin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin 표준품의 표준곡선식에서 모두 상관계수 0.999이상의 양호한 직선성을 보였으며, 첨가한 닭고기의 크로마토그람에서도 각각의 물질별 분리시간대에 방해 피크 없이 양호한 분리도를 나타내었다. 0.05∼0.2 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g 첨가한 시료에서 평균 회수율은 ofloxacin 92.0∼95.4%, norflokacin 84.2∼87.3%, ciprofloxacin 78.3∼82.2%, enrofloxacin 91.3∼95.3%이었으며 변이계수(CV)는 2.7∼9.4%이었다. 4종의 동시분석법의 검출한계 및 정량한계는 각각 ofloxacin 23.5 ppb, 35.3 ppb, norfloxacin 3.4 ppb, 5.1 ppb, ciprofloxacin 3.0 ppb, 4.5 ppb, enrofloxacin 2.5 ppb, 3.8 ppb수준이었다. 2. 인천 지역에서 도축한 닭고기 총 1,523수를 EEC-4-plate법으로 검사한 결과 양성반응을 보인 닭고기는 15수(육계 10, 토종닭 5)였으며, HPLC를 이용한 정밀검사결과 육계 5수에서 ciprofloxacin이 불검출 ∼0.04 ppm, enrofloxacin이 0.01∼0.69 ppm수준으로 검출되었으며, 토종닭 5수에서는 ciprofloxacin이 0.02∼0.12 ppm, enrofloxacin이 0.36∼6.79 ppm수준으로 검출되었다.

Bacteroides fragilis의 E-test와 한천 평판 희석법에 의한 항균제 감수성상의 비교 (Comparison of the E-Test with Agar Dilution Susceptibility Test by Using Bacteroides fragilis)

  • 김희선;김성광;차화선
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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    • 제10권1호
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    • pp.135-143
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    • 1993
  • Bacteroides fragilis의 임상 분리균주 45주의 cefaclor, ciprofloxacin, imipenem의 3종 항균제에 대한 감수성 검사를 기존의 한천 평판희석법과 최근 새로이 개발된 E-test (AB Biodisk, Slona, Sweden)법으로, brain heart infusion, Mueller-Hinton, Wilkins Chalgren 한천 배지 3종류를 사용하여 균의 최소발육 억제 농도 (MIC : Minimal Inhibitory Concentration)의 결과를 비교, 관찰하였으며 5종의 quinolone 제제 (ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin)에 대한 Bacteroides fragilis group 60주의 시험관내 감수성 검사를 한천 평판 희석법으로 실시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 한천 평판 희석법에서 관찰된 MIC를 기준으로 E-test MIC의 결과를 비교하면 실험균주 90.3%가 한천 평판희석법의 MIC (within${\pm}$1 dilution)와 일치하여 E-test가 B. fragilis의 항균제 감수성 검사법에 한 종류로 유용한 것으로 생각되며 사용된 배지에 따른 감수성상의 양상은 큰 차이를 관찰할 수 없었으며 B. gragilis의 항균제 감수성 검사용 기본 배지로 brain heart infusion배지와 Wilkins Chalgren배지는 적합하나 Mueller-Hinton배지는 부적합 한것으로 나타났다. Bacteroides fragilis group 60주에 대한 5종의 quinolone제제에 대한 감수성상은 ofloxacin을 제외한 약재에 대해 대부분 내성을 띄었으며 균종간의 감수성상의 두드러진 차이는 관찰되지 않았다.

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Erythromycin과 tetracycline에 저항성인 Myoplasma pneumoniae의 quinolone계 항생물질에 대한 감수성 (Susceptibilities of Quinolones against Erythromycin- and Tetracycline-Resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae Isolates)

  • 장명웅;박인달;김광혁
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제16권5호
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    • pp.799-805
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    • 2006
  • 호흡기 질환 환자로부터 분리된 M. pneumoniae 123 균주를 tetracycline에 저항성인 tetM 유전자만을 가진 36균주, erythromycin에만 저항성 변이를 일으킨 39균주, tetracycline과erythromycin에 저항성인 21균주, erythromycin과 tetracycline에 감수성인 27균주로 나누어 quinolone 제제와 macrolides계 항생제에 대한 감수성 검사를 시험관 희석법으로 실시하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. Tetracycline에만 저항성인 M. pneumoniae 36균주의 moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, clarithromycin에 대한 $MIC_{90}$은 각각 0.125, 0.39, 0.125, 1.0, 1.0, 15.6과 $1.56\;{\mu}g/ml$ 이었다. Erythromycin에만 저항성인 39균주의 $MIC_{90}$은 각각 0.06, 0.39, 0.125, 1.0, 1.0, 15.6과 $25.0\;{\mu}g/ml$ 이었다. Tetracycline과 erythromycin에 모두 저항성인 21 균주의 $MIC_{90}$은 각각 0.125, 0.39, 0.125, 1.0, 1.0, 3.9,과 $1.56\;{\mu}g/ml$ 이었다. Tetracycline과 erythromycin에 모두 감수성인 27 균주의 $MIC_{90}$은 각각 0.125, 0.39, 0.125, 1.0, 1.0, 7.8과 $0.09\;{\mu}g/ml$ 이었다. 이상의 결과로 moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, sparfloxacin 과 같은 quinolone 계 항생물질은 tetracycline이나 erythromycin에 단독 혹은 모두에 저항성인 M. pneumoniae 균주에도 감수성이었으므로 이들 균에 의한 감염증의 치료에 이용할 수 있는 약제이었으나, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin 등의 약제 선택에는 항생물질에 대한 감수성검사를 실시하여 적절한 항생제를 선택하는 등의 각별한 주의가 요망된다.

어류 중 Fluoroquinolone계 항균제의 분석 및 잔류량 조사 (Analysis of Residual Fluoroquinolones Contents in Fish)

  • 박영애;육동현;김수언;김진아;박애숙;김연천;김무상
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제44권3호
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    • pp.293-299
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    • 2012
  • 어류 및 갑각류 중에 잔류하는 fluoroquinolone계 항균제를 조사하기 위하여 HPLC-FLD와 LC-MS를 이용하여 분석을 실시하였다. HPLC-FLD를 이용하여 분석하였을 때 검출한계와 정량한계는 각각 0.0030-0.0083, 0.0090-0.0252 mg/kg이었고, LC-MS는 각각 0.0019-0.0040, 0.0059-0.0122 mg/kg으로 나타났다. ofloxacin, norfloxacin, pefloxacin, ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin의 회수율은 76.4-104.6% 범위로 분석되었다. 총 268건에 대하여 fluoroquinolone계 항균제의 잔류량을 조사한 결과 7.5%의 검출율을 나타내었고, 동자개 1건에서 enrofloxacin과 ciprofloxacin의 합이 허용 기준치인 0.1 mg/kg보다 높게 검출되었다. Ofloxacin, norfloxacin과 pefloxacin은 모든 시료에서 검출되지 않았고 ciprofloxacin과 enrofloxacin은 각각 3.4%와 6.7%의 검출율을 보였다. 어종별 검출율은 장어(2.6%), 미꾸라지(2.2%), 동자개(1.5%), 붕어(0.7%), 가물치(0.4%) 순서로 나타났다.

The Effects of KR-10876, a new Quinolone Antimicrobial Agent, on the Central Nervous System

  • Kim, Eun-Joo;Cha, Shin-Woo;Shin, Hwa-Sup;Roh, Jung-Koo;Park, Myoung-Whan;Kim, Wan-Joo
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • 제16권1호
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    • pp.6-12
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    • 1993
  • To evaluate KR-10876, a new fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent, its effects on the central nervous system(CNS) were investigated in mmice as part of phamacological study, and the results were compared with those for ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin, two prototypes of quinolone antiabctrial agents. All the parameters indicative of CNS function and acute toxicity were measured by close observation of the animals at regular time intervals after oral treatment of test compounds. KR-10876 did not have any effect on the parameters measured at lower does (100, 300 mg/kg, p.o.), it caused ptosis, suppressed spontaneous locomotor activity, hypothemia, and prolonged hexobarbital-induced sleeping time. KR-10876 also had a slight effect on motor coordination only at high dose. Simialr to ciprofloxacin, KR-10876 did not protect mice from pentylenetetrazol-strychnine-, and electroshock-inducedl convulsions at doses tested. These findings demonstrate that KR-10876 affects CNS functions only at high doses. The rank order for effects is ofloxacin$\le$KR-10876>ciprofloxacin.

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돼지 폐렴병소에서 분리한 Pasteurella multocida의 특성 및 항생제 감수성 양상 (Characteristics and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Pasteurella multocida Isolated from Pneumonic Lung Lesions of Swine)

  • 손준형;최성균;조길재
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제19권5호
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    • pp.615-619
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    • 2009
  • 영남지방 5개 농장에서 사육중인 돼지 251두의 폐렴병소로부터 P. multocida를 분리한 결과 91주의 P. multocida가 분리되어 분리율은 36.3%로 나타났다. 생화학적 특성을 조사한 후 PCR로 최종 확인한 결과 P. multocida species-specific 유전자 460 bp의 특이 증폭산물을 관찰하였다. 분리균 91주의 P. multocida에 대한 약제 감수성 검사 결과 amikacin (91.2%), cephalothin (87.9%), cefoxitin (84.6%), florofenicol (93.4%), norfloxacin (65.9%), ofloxacin (80.2%) 등의 약제에 비교적 높은 감수성을 나타내었다. 또한 대부분의 분리주는 5종 이상의 약제에 대해 다재 내성 양상을 나타내었다.

대구지역 개와 고양이에서 분리된 Staphylococcus pseudintermedius의 fluoroquinolone 내성 (Resistance to fluoroquinolone of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from dogs and cats in Daegu)

  • 조재근;김정미;김환득;김경희;양창렬
    • 한국동물위생학회지
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    • 제40권1호
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    • pp.41-46
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    • 2017
  • The purpose of this study was to investigated the fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance and presence of gyrA and grlA gene in 87 Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates obtained from clinical samples of dogs and cats. Also, the profiles of FQ resistance compared with methicillin resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) isolates. FQ resistance was observed for enrofloxacin (41.4%), ciprofloxacin (39.1%), norfloxacin (36.8%), ofloxacin and levofloxacin (32.2%, respectively), and moxifloxacin (31.0%). Thirty-eight (43.7%) of 87 S. pseudintermedius isolates were resistant to more than one FQ. Twenty-six (64.5%) of 38 FQ resistant isolates were resistant to all the six FQ tested. Of 38 FQ resistant isolates, gyrA gene was detected in all isolates but grlA gene was not found. Moreover, 19 MRSP isolates were resistant to enrofloxacin (63.2%), ciprofloxacin (57.9%), norfloxacin (52.6%), and ofloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin (47.4%, respectively). FQ resistance were highly prevalence in S. pseudintermedius isolates from dogs and cats. Our results emphasize the prudent use of antimicrobial agents to companion animals is necessary for prevent antimicrobial resistance.

Polyacrylamide Gel Immobilization of Porcine Liver Esterase for the Enantioselective Production of Levofloxacin

  • Lee, Sang-Yoon;Min, Byung-Hyuk;Song, Seong-Won;Oh, Sun-Young;Lim, Sang-Min;Kim, Sang-Lin;Kim, Dong-Il
    • Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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    • 제6권3호
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    • pp.179-182
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    • 2001
  • Porcine liver esterase was immobilized in polyacrylamide gel for the enantioselective production of levofloxacin from ofloxacin butyl ester. The initial activity of immobilized esterase was found to be significantly affected by the polyacrylamide gel composition. The optimum concentrations of monomer and crosslinker were determined to be 20% and 8.3%, respectively. The activity of immobilized esterase was 55.4% compared to a free enzyme. Enantiomeric excess was maintained at 60%, almost the same level as that of free enzyme. In addition, the immobilized esterase could be used repeatedly up to 10 times without experiencing any severe loss of activity and enantioselectivity.

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세균성결막염에 대한 안과용 플루오로퀴놀론계 항균제의 효과: 체계적문헌고찰 (Effect of Ophthalmic Fluoroquinolones on Bacterial Conjunctivitis: Systematic Review)

  • 손현순
    • 약학회지
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    • 제55권1호
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    • pp.22-31
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    • 2011
  • This systematic review was conducted to assess the clinical effect of ocular fluoroquinolones used for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis. A literature search for randomized controlled clinical trials registered up to January 2010 based on PubMed database, using the following search terms: conjunctivitis and fluoroquinolones (besifloxacin, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, lomefloxacin, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin) were performed. Pooled data on the clinical resolution and bacterial eradication rates derived from selected 16 studies were reported as the relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) compared with placebo. Early clinical resolution and microbiological eradication rates in placebo were 28% and 62% respectively. Fluoroquinolones were significantly effective comparing to placebo: early RR 1.94 (95% CI 1.60~2.34) and late RR 1.30 (1.19~1.43) in clinical resolution rates, and early RR 1.75 (1.58~1.94) and late RR 1.28 (1.18~1.39) in microbiological eradication rates. Besifloxacin, ciprofloaxain and moxifloxacin in clinical resolution, and besifloxacin and levofloxacin in microbiological eradication showed higher RRs than pooled overall fluoroquinolones' RRs. New quinolones had higher antibacterial potencies for all pathogens isolated from bacterial conjunctivitis and resistant isolates than old generation quinolones. In conclusion, ocular 7 fluoroquinolones were all effective than placebo for bacterial conjunctivitis and there were differences between quinolones in early and late clinical resolutions and microbiological eradications, and no differences in safety comparing to placebo.

Isolation and Characterization of Antibiotic and Heavy Metal-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Different Polluted Waters in Sohag District, Egypt

  • Soltan, El-Sayed.M.
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.50-55
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    • 2001
  • Different polluted water samples were collected from a wastewater treatment plant, agricultural drainage canals, the River Nile, and irrigation canals. The samples were examined for the enumeration of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the Sohag area, Egypt over a period of one year. A total of 240 isolates were collected and tested for their resistance to 12 common antibiotics and 6 heavy metals. The isolates were found to be less resistant to norfloxacin(1.7%), ofloxacin(4.6%), amikacin(9.6%), tobramycin (10.4), carbenicillin (15.4), and gentamycin (41.3%), yet more sensitive to rifampicin (75%), kanamycin (89.6%), ampicillin (90.8%), chloramphenicol (91.7%), streptomycin (92.9%), and tetracyclin(96.3%). In contrast, 7.1%, 12.9%, 25.4%, and 53.7% of the isolates were resistant to lead, cadmium, mercury, and zinc, respectively. None of the isolates had developed a resistance to silver or molybdenum. The high frequency of metal-antibiotic double resistance existed between lead and amikacin (56.5%), cadmium and ofloxacin (72.7%), zinc and norfloxacin (100%), and mercury and carbenicillin (94.6%). The high occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in natural water could be related to the widespread use of antibiotics, with possible public health hazard.

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