• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.131-142
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• 1996

Most industrial robots cannot be off-line programmed to carry out a task accurately, unless their kinematic model is suitably corrected through a calibration procedure. However, normal calibration is an expensive and time-consumming precedure due to the highly accurate measurement equipment required and due to the significant amount of data that must be collected. This paper presents a simple and economic procedure to improve the efficiency of robot calibration especially for arc welding application. To simplify the measurement process, an automotic data measurement algorithm as well as a simple measurement device are developed. Also, a calibration algorithm which can automatically identify the independent model parameters to be estimated is presented. To demonstrated the simplicity and the effectiveness of the procedure, experimental studies and computer simulations are performed and their results are discussed.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.42-56
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• 2013

Nowadays the advantages of multichannel retailing strategy in fashion business have been widely discussed, but empirical research on fashion retail has been limited. The purpose of this research is to provide some ideas on multichannel retailing strategy to fashion retailers through the case of UNIQLO. The online survey was conducted on each 100 female customers in their 20s, 30s, 40s living in seoul among UNIQLO customers. The survey was consisted of measurement items for UNIQLO's online store image and offline store image, customer satisfaction, purchase intention, and demographic attributes. The online survey was found that 30.3% of UNIQLO's multichannel customers bought a product from offline store using online shopping mall as a search channel, on the other hand, 20.7% of UNIQLO's multichannel customers bought a product from online store using offline store as a search channel. Factors of the online shopping mall image were consisted of shopping convenience, product information, price policy, trust. And factors of the offline store image were consisted of trust and store, product information, service. Some factors of online store and offline store image had impact on multichannel customer satisfaction. And, customer satisfaction also had impact on purchase intention of UNIQLO product. Some suggestion for the future of multichannel research in fashion retailing was given.

• Journal of Advanced Technology Convergence
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.83-88
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• 2022

As the number of students participating in nail art with great interest rises, it has become crucial to form instructor-student ties through offline interactions and establish relationships with education through media under the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Therefore, it would be very important to check the quality of online and offline services and examine customer satisfaction. For this, this study investigated current online and offline nail art education, service quality and satisfaction with the education. A questionnaire survey was performed a total of 319 men and women in their 10-50s or older from Daejeon, Sejong, Chungnam, Chungbuk and other regions. The collected data were analyzed, using SPSS 27.0, and the results found the followings. The above results confirm that perception of online and offline nail art education is correlated with service quality and satisfaction. However, there are limitations in generalizing the results due to a difficulty in accurate measurement. It is anticipated that if a subject area is expanded, and teachers' satisfaction is added for comparison and analysis, there would be better results.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.51-60
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• 2020

Purpose: Recently, Korean cosmetics distribution market has been reorganized with the H&B store. In the domestic cosmetics distribution market, existing brand road shops are decreasing, and multi-shops are leading the H & B stores, which have greatly improved their experience and content. In these environmental changes, the offline distribution channels are turning into the multi-editing shops that have introduced products of various brands and greatly enhanced experiences and contents. Nevertheless, most studies of factors and measurement items for measuring customer experience in the H&B store use Schmitt (1999)'s Strategic Experience Modules (SEMs). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to propose a measure that is practicable through consideration of the in-store customer experience components of the H&B store. Research design, data and methodology: Based on Schmitt's Strategic Experience Modules (SEMs), which are widely used in customer experience marketing, the metric pool was constructed through customer and literature research on H & B store managers. Since then, 101 preliminary surveys and 211 main surveys have been conducted in order to propose a dimension of customer experience and refine the metrics. Results: As a result of the research, H&B store's customer experience was derived from a measurement model consisting of 19 measurement items in total of five dimensions: environmental experience, intellectual experience, behavioral experience, tech experience, and relationship experience. This study analyzed that compared to the existing Schmitt's Strategic Experience Modules (SEMs), (1) emotional experience expanded to environmental experience, (2) Cognitive and relationship experiences are maintained (3) behavioral experience was subdivided into physical and technical experiences. In particular, the environmental experience has been proposed as a major component is an important point because the H&B store recently opened a large flagship store and is competitive in constructing a differentiated space. Conclusions: Related experience was seen as an important component of customer experience in the offline store, but in the process of refining the scale, interaction items with employees of the H&B store were removed, and rather, participation in the APP or SNS channel of the company, event Participation, interaction with other customers, etc. appear to be important, while suggesting the practical implications.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.204-211
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• 2011

To yield high concentrations of protein expressed by genetically modified Escherichia coli, it is important that the bacterial strains are cultivated to high cell density in industrial bioprocesses. Since the expressed target protein is mostly accumulated inside the E. coli cells, the cellular product formation can be directly correlated to the bacterial biomass concentration. The typical way to determine this concentration is to sample offline. Such manual sampling, however, wastes time and is not efficient for acquiring direct feedback to control a fedbatch fermentation. An E. coli K12-derived strain was cultivated to high cell density in a pressurized stirred bioreactor on a pilot scale, by detecting biomass concentration online using a capacitance probe. This E. coli strain was grown in pure minimal medium using two carbon sources (glucose and glycerol). By applying exponential feeding profiles corresponding to a constant specific growth rate, the E. coli culture grew under carbon-limited conditions to minimize overflow metabolites. A high linearity was found between capacitance and biomass concentration, whereby up to 85 g/L dry cell weight was measured. To validate the viability of the culture, the oxygen transfer rate (OTR) was determined online, yielding maximum values of 0.69 mol/l/h and 0.98mol/l/h by using glucose and glycerol as carbon sources, respectively. Consequently, online monitoring of biomass using a capacitance probe provides direct and fast information about the viable E. coli biomass generated under aerobic fermentation conditions at elevated headspace pressures.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.02a
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• pp.523-523
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• 2012

As the wafer geometric requirements continuously complicated and minutes in tens of nanometers, the expectation of real-time add-on sensors for in-situ plasma process monitoring is rapidly increasing. Various industry applications, utilizing plasma impedance monitor (PIM) and optical emission spectroscopy (OES), on etch end point detection, etch chemistry investigation, health monitoring, fault detection and classification, and advanced process control are good examples. However, process monitoring in semiconductor manufacturing industry requires non-invasiveness. The hypothesis behind the optical monitoring of plasma induced ion current is for the monitoring of plasma induced charging damage in non-invasive optical way. In plasma dielectric via etching, the bombardment of reactive ions on exposed conductor patterns may induce electrical current. Induced electrical charge can further flow down to device level, and accumulated charges in the consecutive plasma processes during back-end metallization can create plasma induced charging damage to shift the threshold voltage of device. As a preliminary research for the hypothesis, we performed two phases experiment to measure the plasma induced current in etch environmental condition. We fabricated electrical test circuits to convert induced current to flickering frequency of LED output, and the flickering frequency was measured by high speed optical plasma monitoring system (OPMS) in 10 kHz. Current-frequency calibration was done in offline by applying stepwise current increase while LED flickering was measured. Once the performance of the test circuits was evaluated, a metal pad for collecting ion bombardment during plasma etch condition was placed inside etch chamber, and the LED output frequency was measured in real-time. It was successful to acquire high speed optical emission data acquisition in 10 kHz. Offline measurement with the test circuitry was satisfactory, and we are continuously investigating the potential of real-time in-situ plasma induce current measurement via OPMS.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.393-417
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• 2022

The current study analyzes the usage of social network services(SNS) according to one's collectivistic and individualistic tendency and the relationship with addiction. Additionally, the study attempted to controll intrapersonal variables such as gender, personalitly, and age, which affect SNS the usage. Also, Collectivistic-individualistic tendency in SNS and offline environment may not correspond to one another. Therefore, the study measured the collectivistic-individualistic tendency regarding of the two environment separately. For this purpose, we designed a new measurement scale to measure collectivistic-individualistic tendencies in for the SNS by involving a kin vs nonkin context. The sample consisted of 253 adolescents ranging from 13 to 15 years old and 246 adults ranging from 18 to 25 years old, which sums up to 499 samples in total. Results indicated that individualistic tendency within SNS showed a positive relationship with the amount of SNS usage and SNS addiction. Furthermore, female users spent more time on SNS and showed a higher level addiction than males. While adults had longer experience with SNS and spent more time on it daily than adolescents, they did not show a significant difference in regards to SNS addiction. The correlation analysis indicated that collectivistic-individualistic tendencies in SNS were weakly correlated to that of offline environments. The kin individualistic tendency in SNS significantly predicted SNS addiction after controlling for the effect of age, personality, gender, and offline collectivistic-individualistic tendency. Taken together, these findings indicate the need for an appropriate collectivistic-individualist tendency scale that correspond to the SNS context. The results also suggest that kin individualistic tendency in the SNS environment can be the main factor for SNS addiction.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 2022

Purpose: With the rapid changes in the technical development and the trend of consumption trend, the convenience store industry is facing an unprecedented competitive situation in the consumption environment where the boundary between online and offline is broken due to the stagnation of offline distribution channels and the spread of online shopping. The biggest innovation strategy of the major convenience store brands in recent years are introducing the O2O (Online to Offline) platform and presenting new products and services beyond the boundaries of online and offline to transform themselves into Omni Channel stores. The study is designed to analyze the effect of innovativeness of convenience store as a stimulus in O2O platform which customers perceive on store loyalty, the final response to external stimuli, through customer engagement with convenience store brands. Specifically, the innovativeness of convenience stores was divided into types of core activities in corporate marketing and focused on innovations in services, products(proposals), promotions and experiences. Research design, data, and methodology: Various hypotheses have been developed to achieve this research purpose. The data were collected from 1,128 questionnaires the age between 15 and 60 who had experience using retail store apps and delivery apps and were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and SmartPLS 3.3.7 program. Measurement model analysis was carried out to assess convergent and discriminant validity. Also, common method bias was tested using the values of VIF (variance inflation factor). The hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling with SmartPLS 3.3.7 program. Results: First, service innovation has a positive effect on cognitive engagement. Second, product, promotion and experience innovation have a positive effect on cognitive and affective engagement. Third, cognitive influences affective engagement. Finally, both cognitive and affective engagement affect store loyalty, but affective engagement has a stronger effect on store loyalty than cognitive engagement. Conclusions: All four types of innovation and cognitive engagement have a positive effect on emotional engagement, which has a stronger effect on store loyalty than cognitive engagement. Thus, while innovation can build loyalty through emotional engagement, innovation strategies must be designed and pursued with caution in terms of impact through cognitive engagement may not achieve the planned goals.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.159-163
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• 2019

The food service industry has been grown due to improvement of living standards. In addition, the demand for frozen food delivery is increasing day by day at online/offline and the refrigerated vehicles are used in most of these food distributions. One of the most important factors in a refrigerated car is to measure the temperature accurately. Conventional temperature recording systems are generally connected directly to temperature sensor modules. Since the temperature data are transmitted to the temperature recorder by using the electric wire, there is a disadvantage that the resistance error must be compensated according to the cable length. In this paper, we propose a method to correct errors due to cable resistance using digital processing and CAN (Controller Area Network) communication. We use PT-1000 platinum sensor to increase the accuracy of the temperature measurement.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.2751-2771
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• 2022

In the post covid-19 era, organizations will experience a new environment. Advances in technologies such as AI and big data, and new experiences such as online meetings and lectures, will increase the use of online communication. Businesses will increasingly engage in online-based information sharing, virtual team operations, and online meetings. This study focuses on meeting climate and satisfaction, to improve the performance of online meetings. Existing studies on meeting climate presuppose off-line situations. Offline and online communication methods and meeting formats are different. This paper proposes new climate types to develop an appropriate climate for online-based meetings. To apply these climates in online meetings, a measurement scale was developed and the impact on online meeting satisfaction was verified. As a result of the study, it was found that the creativity-oriented meeting climate was the most important, and relation-oriented and participation-oriented meeting climates also had a significant effect, while the direction-oriented and task-oriented climates were relatively less important. This study develops new variables and measurements for online meeting climates, and explains their importance. Companies will be able to leverage the appropriate climates for online meetings to improve performance.