• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.63-70
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• 2024

Objective: This study aims to compare the basic aerodynamic characteristics of the official Qatar World Cup soccer ball with those of the official Korean soccer balls. Method: In this study, wind tunnel experiments were conducted to compare the fundamental aerodynamic properties of two commonly used domestic soccer balls, the Star and Nassau, with the Al Rihla, the official ball of the 2022 Qatar World Cup. Results: The findings revealed that the Nassau soccer ball exhibited changes in aerodynamic characteristics depending on its orientation, particularly at low speeds (below 15 m/s), while the Al Rihla showed variations in aerodynamic characteristics at medium to high speeds (15 m/s to 35 m/s) based on its orientation. Furthermore, the results of lift and side force variations indicated that the Star soccer ball exhibited larger changes compared to other soccer balls, suggesting that it may exhibit the most irregular flight path during strong shots (around 30 m/s or approximately 100 km/h). However, there were no differences in aerodynamics observed among the soccer balls in the medium-speed range (20~25 m/s). Conclusion: The comparison of aerodynamics between the Korean soccer balls and the most recently used World Cup official ball showed that, while the Korean balls exhibited slightly greater changes in lift and side forces compared to the World Cup ball, there were no significant differences in most of the aerodynamic characteristics.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 1994.05a
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• pp.57-63
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is to examine how Korean changed and applied the railway official residence space constructed by the Japanese, when they occupied these railway official residence space after liberation from Japan, and specify the relationship between the life culture and residence space by analysing the differance in important life style, as well as element of change in important residence spaces according to modernization. In addition, this study was carried out by means of research on the form and pattern, visual anthropological method by photograph and direct observation.The result of this study is summarized as fellows. The residence space at Kyounaju constructed by the Japanese on the basis of the culture has been changed and applied to the life style of the Korean when the Korean occupied these Japanese style residence space.Then, it seems that the change of the Japanese style residence was caused by both differance in the life pattern between Korea and Japan, and the medernization of the life.

• Journal of Evidence-Based Herbal Medicine
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.9-15
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• 2009

In order to build up the infrastructure of the globalization of herbal material, the system of culture, distribution, treatment and sale should be established on the basis of the official documents. In this context, the state compendium needs to be theoretically established in perfection 0in order that it may be globally authoritative. The ultimate goal of this study is to clarify the origin and description of the herbal material unregistered in the official documents, as well as to establish the criteria of assessment. The technical books on herbage, published in the country and other countries, were compared with each other. Also, on-the-spot surveys were made to learn specialists' know-how. The description of the collected drug-stuffs Were analyzed in connection with external morphology, internal morphology and microscopy. And the laboratory test was performed to differentiate such drug-stuffs.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.39-48
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• 1997

The official residences were built for japanese official who had lived in Taegu province during the japanese colonial period. The purpose of this study is to find the prototypes of site and plan patterns for the official residences in Taegu province during the japanese colonial period. Their site-plans are classified into either individual and row type depending on the building's composition. These each have three and two branch types assording to the location of the innercourt and main entrance. The floor plans are classified into the four types according to the location of the corridor.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1990.04a
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• pp.365-373
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• 1990

The relationships between leader-subordinate interpersonal communication and performance were examined in conjuction with leadership for small project teams of six research institutes funded by Korean Government. The official communication was more positively related to consideration than initiating structure of leader behavior. The non-official communication was positively related to consideration but not significantly related to initiating structure. Each dimension of the performance was positively related to the official and non-official communication for total sample and related differently to the communications according to leadership types for given leadership style.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.45-54
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• 2021

During the latter part of Joseon Dynasty, Local Confucian School(Geochanghyanggyo) had served as a government school and left many official documents on the educational construction. The construction of Local Confucian School(Geochanghyanggyo), which was recorded in official documents, was diverse, and most of them were reconstructed. Construction-works recorded in an official document was drafted in two ways. One was in the same format as the accounting records and the other was written in the diary format by date. The construction cost was mainly financed by selling the land owned. Of course, with the help of the government, they could receive some of the essential timber and expenses for the construction. The management and maintenance of educational construction was entrusted by a manager called 'Chaji(次知)'. Then there were employees called 'Jeonjik(殿直)' and 'Gojik(庫直)' and they were paid for their work.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.81-92
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• 2008

As the process of the Korea is highly industrialization and knowledge information the extent of fire fighting business is getting wide with the development and change. But work environment is not improved much compared with the past. For the situation that threaten life is exposed greatly, compared with the other profession there are also much stress. Moreover, the professional stress of fire official influence not only the safety of fire official. In this paper based on the reduction countermeasure for professional stress of fire official the following are proposed: Lively communication activity between constituents, application of people system as a result work field, improvement of treatment and welfare institution, safety of fire official and health rule enactment, the establishment of specialty hospital for fire fighting and appointment of fire medical specialist.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.31
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• pp.131-144
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• 1997

This thesis is mainly on the study of Gongbok and Sangbok in the system of official outfit of the Koryo dyn-asty which has not yet fully studied in the history of Koren dress and its ornaments. Even in this difficult circumstances the sys-tem of dress and its ornaments can be under-stood with the help of remaining Buddhi-stliterature. Thus the system of official outfit in the Koryo dynasty has been studied here with some documentary records such as Koryo-dokyung Koryosa-yeobokji (The His-tory of Dress And Its Ornaments in The Koryo Dynasty) and so on. As the Koryo dynasty de-veloped her international relationships continu-ously with her neighbouring nation which were geographically closely connected so the systems of official outfit in the Chinese dyn-asty of Sung had to be studied and compared with, In the Koryo dynasty the same four colour system of purple red, deep red and green had survived until the year of 1123 from the year of 960 not using the blue colour from the four colour system of purple Chinese red green and blue of the Sung dynasty. The four colour system of purple deep red green and black under the regin of the King Euijong was exactly the same as that of official outfit of the Sung dynasty in he year of 1078 the first year of Wonpung's regin and wearing Eodae is a sure sign of influence of the system of Sung dynasty. Even though Koryo was invaded by Yuan druing the period of the regin of the King Chungyul the four colour system was not changed of purple deep red. green and black along with the same Dae-sudanryung(long sleeve and round collar). In 1387 the thirteenth year of the King Woo of the Koryo dynasty Pumdae was used ofor different official ranks and the sys-tem of wearing Samo and Dayung was established for the official outfit of every government officers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.10
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• pp.99-111
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• 2007

This paper was built by following next steps. First, based on the records of the Tongshinsa, the official diplomatic mission Joseon dispatched to Japan, the actual conditions of wearing a Danryung, a official robe, in the 18th century were researched. Then the difference of wearing state between the missions - in 1719, 1748 and 1764- was found and the reason why was analyzed. In result two distinctions were found: 1) A black Danryung was worn in 1719 at the banquets and while receiving an official letter of reply, but a red Danryung, Gongbok or Sibok on the later trips. 2) In 1764 travel records there was some confusion of the names Gongbok and Sibok, which denote the same item of robes, according to the writer. The reason why those changes and confusion were caused is analyzed as follows: 1) After the Japanese Invasion(1592) and the Manchu Invasion of Joseon(1636), a black Danryung replaced the Gongbok for a while. But after the mid-18th century, when the Gongbok was revived, that was reappeared in the official ceremonies. 2) In the mid-18th century, both Gongbok and Sibok system had been revised. But because both color system was similar, those revision became a cause of confusion between Gongbok and Sibok. For a while all ministers wore red Gongbok and Sibok, but after those revision the color of official's robe was changed by officials' rank: the higher ranking officials' Gongbok and Sibok are red, the lower ranking officials' are bluish green.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 1999

There is no official landscape architectural organization in the current government organization in Korea. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the landscape architectural organization which will carry out the works of the special landscape architectural interest and create the new services with other interested government offices. The contents of the study are as follows; 1. A legal basis for the establishment of the landscape architectural organization is the demand for the introduction of the landscape architectural organization which has 5 types(urban planning, architecture, land register, land surveying, civil work) of the special groups to official organization by changing the 1 article of the Official Appointment Regulations. 2. Theories of law of equality for everyone(the Constitution of Korea : §11(1)), the rights of having pleasant residential life(the Constitution of Korea : §35(3)) and the national duty of employment increase(the Constitution of Korea : §32(1)) are reviewed to provide the legal reason of establishing the landscape architectural organization. 3. With the addition of new landscape architectural organization, it could expand the areas of landscape architects by adding of new landscape architectural subjects into official examinations for government employees. Also it is necessary to exempt the test for those who have licenses and to give additional points in evaluation their works at the end of year to the people who have licenses. 4. The reasons for the creation of new landscape architectural organization into the present official organization are acquired from the derivation of 23 present regulations referring to the landscape architects, the existence of the landscape architectural administrative departments belonging to the Metropolis of Seoul, and the favorable result of the questionnaire on the establishment of the new organization. Hereafter the lawyers should be cooperated with landscape architects to initiate the related principles of law, and it is necessary to analyze each text of the related laws in detail to establish the landscape architectural organization by means of the joint studies.