• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.258-265
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• 2015

A de-embedding method for multiport networks, especially for coupled odd interconnection lines, is presented in this paper. This method does not require a conversion from S-parameters to T-parameters, which is widely used in the de-embedding technique of multiport networks based on cascaded simple two-port relations, whereas here, we apply an operation to the S-matrix to generate all the uncoupled and coupled coefficients. The derivation of the method is based on the relations of incident and reflected waves between the input of the entire network and the input of the intrinsic device under test (DUT). The characteristics of the intrinsic DUT are eventually achieved and expressed as a function of the S-parameters of the whole network, which are easily obtained. The derived coefficients constitute ABCD-parameters for a convenient implementation of the method into cascaded multiport networks. A validation was performed based on a spice-like circuit simulator, and this verified the proposed method for both uncoupled and coupled cases.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.18 no.1_2
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• pp.25-43
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• 2005

Let F be a finite field of prime power order q(odd) and the multiplicative order of q modulo $2^{n}\;(n>1)\;be\; {\phi}(2^{n})/2$. If n > 3, then q is odd number(prime or prime power) of the form $8m{\pm}3$. If q = 8m - 3, then the ring $R_{2^n} = F[x]/ < x^{2^n}-1 >$ has 2n primitive idempotents. The explicit expressions for these primitive idempotents are obtained and the minimal QR cyclic codes of length $2^{n}$ generated by these idempotents are completely described. If q = 8m + 3 then the expressions for the 2n - 1 primitive idempotents of $R_{2^n}$ are obtained. The generating polynomials and the upper bounds of the minimum distance of minimal QR cyclic codes generated by these 2n-1 idempotents are also obtained. The case n = 2,3 is dealt separately.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.50 no.7
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• pp.113-127
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to examine the symbolic meaning of oriental numbers based on Yin-Yang(陰陽) theory. Based on the thought of Yin-Yang Wu-Hsing(陰陽五行), the number was divided the number of the heaven (positive number) 1, 3. 5, 7, 9 from the number cf the earth(negative number) 2. 4, 6, 8, 10. It was descrived very well in the dress and its ornaments and the folk customs. In the costume of the Court, there were 9, 7, 5, 3 patterns costume for the king and queen. Even though an even number, 12 patterns costume for the emperor symbolized 12 months and made it of the principal of the universe. Korean traditional costume Han-bock(韓服) was formed with the three dimentional principal of circle (圓.$\bigcirc$), square(方.$\square$) and triangularity(角.$\Delta$). In the middle of odd numbers, number 3 was regarded as a holy number of the heaven (天), the earth(地) and a man(人). Taken for a highest number. number 3 had the symbolism of wishes for good fortune. Number 10 and number 100, which meant the fullness and the long life, were used regularly. With Ten longevity patterns(十長生紋), the feast of a hundred-day-old baby, our race prayed for the healthy long life. As mentioned above. the symbolism of the number though the costume prefered the positive number to the negative one. Accommodating to the universal principal and the cycle. The deep meaning and the symbolism of the number has been implied the mental wishes.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.188-193
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• 1982

Four new thermotropic copolyesters were prepared and their liquid crystal properties were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and on a hot-stage of a polarizing microscope. Three copolyesters had same mesogenic unit, triad aromatic ester structure, interconnected through a random combination of either odd-even, or odd-odd, or even-even number of methylene groups in the polymethylene flexible spacers. Another random copolyester consisted of mesogenic units of 1 : 1 mixture of central methyl-and bromohydroquinone moieties with two flanking p-oxybenzoate units connected by decamethylene spacer. All of the polyesters formed nematic liquid crystal phase upon melting. The transitions for melting and nematic ${\to}$ isotropic transformations could be reversibly observed by DSC as well as by microscopic study. The thermodynamic properties for their liquid crystal ${\to}$ isotropic phase transitions were discussed in relation to their chemical structures.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.142-146
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• 2000

Ordered differential display using RT-PCR (ODD-PCR) was conducted to have a profile of the differently expressed genes between a hypovirulent strain of Cryphonectria parasitica (UEP1) and its isogenic wild type strain (EP155/2). ODD-PCR has advantages of high sensitivity, reproducibility, proportional representation, and limited number of primer combinations comparing with other differential display methods. RNAs were prepared from 1 and 5 day liquid culture of both hypovirulent and wild type strains, and were further evaluated with the marker genes of C. parasitica such as cryparin and mating factor MF2-1, which were already proven to be specifically down-regulated by the presence of mycovirus CHV1-713. ODD-PCR was conducted using those RNAs and expressed genes were categorized to five groups according to their temporal and quantitative expression patterns. Those fives groups are CPC, CPE, CPL, CPD, and CPU which represent constitutively-expressed, early-expressed, late-expressed, down-regulated, and up-regulated, respectively. Ninety two primer combinations out of a total of 192 have been tested so far. Among the twenty to fifty distinct bands per each reaction, an average of four to ten genes was identified as viral-regulated fungal genes. Those viral-specifc genes were further analyzed by DNA sequencing followed by homology search. Characterization of 30 clones including all five groups were conducted as a preliminary data and more are under investigation.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.26 no.3_4
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• pp.583-590
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• 2008

In this article, we focuss on. sequences of polynomials with {$\pm1$} coefficients constructed by recursive argument that is known as Rudin-Shapiro polynomials. The asymptotic behavior of these polynomials defines as the ratio of their 2q-norm with 2-norm to be dominated by some number depending on q or "the best" by an absolute constant. In this work we first show the conjecture holds for some finite numbers of m and then introduce a technique that give the result for any positive odd integer m whenever it holds for all pervious even numbers.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.201-209
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• 2017

There exists already mass formula which is the number of self orthogonal codes in $GF(q)^n$, but not proof of it. In this paper we described some theories about finite geometry and by using them proved the mass formula when $q=p^m$, p is odd prime.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.311-329
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• 2010

In this paper we will prove that the groups $D_{p+1}$(2) and $D_{p+1}$(3), where p is an odd prime number, are uniquely determined by their sets of order components. A main consequence of our result is the validity of Thompson's conjecture for the groups $D_{p+1}$(2) and $D_{p+1}$(3).

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.493-511
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• 2009

Let $q\;{\geq}\;3$ be an odd integer and a be an integer coprime to q. Denote by N(a, q) the number of pairs of integers b, c with $bc\;{\equiv}\;a$ (mod q), $1\;{\leq}\;b$, $c\;{\leq}\;{\frac{q-1}{2}}$ and with b, c having different parity. The main purpose of this paper is to study the sum ${\sum}^{'q}_{a=1}\;\(N(a,\;q)\;-\;\frac{{\phi}(q)}{8}\)^2$ and obtain a sharp asymptotic formula.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.13 no.1_2
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• pp.29-36
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• 2003

In 1970 Monsky proved that a square cannot be cut into an odd number of triangles of equal areas. In 1990 it was proved that the statement is true for any centrally symmetric polygon. In the present paper we consider dissections of general polygons into triangles of equal areas.