• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.363-368
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• 2020

Background: Intraoperative and postoperative ocular complications are rare. We retrospectively investigated the abnormal ocular findings in patients who underwent arthroscopic shoulder surgery. Methods: The records were investigated of patients who underwent shoulder arthroscopic surgery at our hospital between January 2018 and March 2019. Ocular complications were confirmed by review of medical records. We performed logistic regression analysis to defined the main factors associated with ocular complications. Results: The overall prevalence of postoperative ocular complications was 8.5% (18/211). A significant association was found between anti-adhesion barrier agent and ocular complications (p=0.020). Conclusions: Anti-adhesion barrier agent used during surgery may be the cause of postoperative ocular complication.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.638-641
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• 2001

Carboplatin intra-arterial chemotherapy(IAC) has an advantage of increased uptake during the first passage of the drugs through tumor capillaries. Although not common, this type of therapy is known to cause neurological complications, myelosuppression, and ototoxicity. However, the incidence of ocular toxicity is reported to be rare. Eleven of our patients with glioma(Grade II Astrocytoma : 3, Grade III Astrocytoma : 1, Grade IV Astrocytoma : 5, Gliofibroma : 1, Oligodendroglioma : 1) underwent IAC regimen with carboplatin($300mg/m^2$) which were administrated after blood-brain barrier disruption. Of there, 3 patients had ocular complications after supra-ophthalmic IAC injection of carboplatin but fully recovered following steroid therapy. Although our results from IAC seem to be favorable for these patients, we suggest that its complications, such as ocular toxicity, need to be carefully considered prior to treatment.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.75-79
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• 2004

Some ocular complications were connected to the contamination by the contact lens related. Especially the most cause of ocular complications was a microorganism from several processing of infections. Therefore the patients stopped the contact lens wear immediately by the side effects of ocular pathology. We had analyzed the microorganism from the laboratory. It was identified as mixed growth of the Chryseamonas meningosepticum and Enterobacter sp.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.290-292
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• 2017

Various changes in ocular position are possible during general anesthesia as opposed to the awakening state. However, unexpected ocular deviation under general anesthesia is a disconcerting event as it can lead to difficult complications intraoperatively. To date, sudden fixed upward ocular deviation has been rarely reported previously. This phenomenon was observed in an 8-year-old boy during strabismus surgery. Suddenly fixed upward ocular deviation occurred when the speculum was inserted into the right eye. When the eyeball was pulled down, using forceps, there was some resistance, such as contracture of superior rectus. The eyeball sprang back into the upward position when the forceps was released. These changes could hamper the good exposition of the surgical field, leading to significant intraoperative difficulties and complications. Surgeons should be aware of this possibility, despite general anesthesia; if it occurs, proceed with the surgery as planned preoperatively, and both ophthalmic and anesthetic interventions should be used to solve this problem.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.17
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• pp.7567-7573
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• 2015

Background: Catastrophic effects of mustard gas as a chemical warfare agent have always been a major problem for those exposed to this agent. In this meta-analysis it was tried to evaluate carcinogenesis, ocular, cutaneous and respiratory complications of mustard gas exposure among Iranians who had been exposed to this agent during the Iran-Iraq war. Materials and Methods: In this meta-analysis, the required data were collected using keywords "mustard gas", "sulfur mustard", "cancer", "neoplasm", "respiratory complications", "ocular complications", "lung disease", "chronic complication", "eye", "skin", "cutaneous complication", "carcinogenesis" and their combination with keywords "Iran", "Iranian", "prevalence", "mortality" and their Farsi equivalent terms from the databases of SID, Iranmedex, Magiran, Pubmed, Science Direct, Google Search engine, Gray Literature and Reference of References. To determine the prevalence of each complication and perform meta-analysis, CMA: 2 (Comprehensive Meta-Analysis) software with a randomized model was used. Results: Of the 542 articles found, 7 national articles, consistent with the aims of this study were selected. Meta-analysis of seven papers revealed that cancer risk, especially cancer of the respiratory system was elevated, so that the relative risk (RR) of cancer role of mustard gas was inconsistent from 2/1 to 4 in this survey. Also prevalence of delayed skin disorders due to sulfur mustard was 94.6%, pulmonary complications 94.5% and ocular complications 89.9%. The incidence of various cancers in victims exposed to mustard gas was 1.7% worldwide where the rate was 2.2% in Iranian victims of the Iraq-Iran war. Conclusions: Based on present study the prevalence of delayed mustard gas related cutaneous, pulmonary and ocular complications is above 90% and risk of carcinogenesis is higher in comparison to worldwide statistics. This may suggest need for long-term and persistent follow-up and rehabilitation procedures for populations exposed to this agent.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.39-43
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• 2012

One of the most common procedures in dentistry is the inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia but visual problem can occur during this procedure. Transient visual acuity decrease after inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia can result from unintended intravascular injection. In this case report, we present ocular complication that has rarely been reported. The understanding of anatomy related to this case is discussed with suggestions for proper management of the patients. The dental management for ocular complications includes a correct diagnosis, management by understanding of patient's anatomic variations. This will prevent intravascular injection.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.719-723
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• 2007

Purpose: Blowout fracture can lead to functional impairments and esthetic deformities such as impairment of ocular movement, diplopia, visual loss and enophthalmos. The object of this study is to present a classification and its analysis according to the computed tomographic scan in blowout fractures. We classified blow out fractures into three types according to the anatomical location of fracture, the size of the bone defect and the degree of periosteal injury by using the computed tomography scan. Each progress and complications were analyzed more than mean 1 year. Methods: Among the 155 cases during 4 years, there were 11 cases of medial orbital wall fracture, 97 cases of inferior orbital wall fracture, 47 cases of combined type. The mean age of patients was 31.2 years, ranged from 8 to 84 years. Results: According to our classification, surgical treatments through the nasoendoscopic approach, the subciliary approach, the transconjunctival approach or their combinations were performed in 116 patients, and conservative treatments were done in 46 patients. Presurgical clinical findings of diplopia, impairment of ocular movement, enophthalmos of more than 2 mm were present in 62 patients. After surgical treatment, clinical findings were remained in 7 patients. Conclusion: We think that our classification according to computed tomographic scan is helpful for the indication and it may decrease the complications such as impairment of ocular movement, diplopia, visual loss and enophthalmos.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.333-336
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• 2002

This experiment was carried out to investigate the optimal dose of intravitreal gentamicin that decreases intraocular pressure effectively and minimizes complications in dog. After inhalation anesthesia, gentamicin was injected intravitreally into the left eyes at doses of 10, 15 and 20 mg with 1 mg dexamethasone, respectively. Sterilized isotonic saline and dexamethasone mixture into the right eyes for control. Six dogs were used in each group. Intraocular pressures were measured using applanation tonometer(Mentore, Tono-Pen) until 5 months after injection of gentamicin. Ocular examinations were performed using direct ophthalmoscopy. The ocular volumes of both eyes were measured. Intraocular pressures of eyes injected with 10. 15 and 20 mg of gentamicin were decreased significantly compared with control eyes. Severe corneal opacity and neovascularization occurred in 20 mg treated group. Intraocular hemorrhage was observed in 3 dogs of 20 mg treated group. Ocular volume was significantly decreased(p <0.05) in 20 mg treated group, compared with 10 and 15 mg treated group. It is considered that intravitreal gentamicin injection at dose of 10 mg or 15 mg decrease intraocular pressure effectively and minimize complications such as corneal opacity, hyphema and phthisis bulbus.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.111-114
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• 2017

Central serous chorioretinopathy may induce poor eyesight and serous retinal detachment. However, its exact cause has not been well established thus far. It can be associated with systemic high-dose corticosteroid treatment mainly for young and middle-aged men and may spontaneously regress or recur after withdrawal from corticosteroid. After corticosteroid administration for Behcet's disease, it is necessary to identify any ocular symptoms. Behcet's disease can lead to the development of ocular complications, such as uveitis, hypopyon, retinal vasculitis, optic neuritis, angiogenesis, secondary cataract, and glaucoma. It is possible to diagnose any of these complications via optical coherence tomography and digital indocyanine green angiography. It is easy to neglect an ocular symptom that may appear after a low-dose corticosteroid treatment as an ocular complication in patients with Behcet's disease. Thus, we report on a case concerning high-dose corticosteroid treatment with a literature review.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.22.1-22.9
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• 2021

Background: Standing surgery in horses combining intravenous sedatives, analgesics and local anaesthesia is becoming more popular. Ultrasound guided (USG) peribulbar nerve block (PB) has been described in dogs and humans for facial and ocular surgery, reducing the risk of complications versus retrobulbar nerve block (RB). Objective: To describe a technique for USG PB in horse cadavers. Methods: Landmarks and PB technique were described in two equine cadaver heads (Phase 1), with computed tomography (CT) imaging confirming contrast location and spread. In Phase 2, ten equine cadaver heads were randomised to two operators naive to the USG PB, with moderate experience with ultrasonography and conventional "blind" RB. Both techniques were demonstrated once. Subsequently, operators performed five USG PB and five RB each, unassisted. Contrast location and spread were evaluated by CT. Injection site success was defined for USG PB as extraconal contrast, and for RB intraconal contrast. Results: Success was 10/10 for USG PB and 0/10 for RB (p < 0.001). Of the RB injections, eight resulted in extraconal contrast and two in the masseter muscle (p = 0.47). Conclusions: The USG PB had a high injection site success rate compared with the RB technique; however, we cannot comment on clinical effect. The USG technique was easily learnt, and no potential complications were seen. The USG PB nerve block could have a wide application for use in horses for ocular surgeries (enucleations, eyelid, corneal, cataract surgeries, and ocular analgesia) due to reduced risk of iatrogenic damage. Further clinical studies are needed.