• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.45-54
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• 2003

This paper deal with the GPS performance for determining the ocean tidal loading components(M$_2$, N$_2$, S$_2$, K$_2$) and the availability of permanent GPS stations(CHJU, KANR) established in Korea. We determined the ocean tidal loading components from GPS observation by spectrum analysis and compared to that from global ocean tidal models(GOT00.2, FES99, CRS4.0, NAO99). Through this study, we have a sense that amplitude and phase lags of ocean tidal loading components from observed GPS data was almost equal to value calculated in ocean tide models. The diurnal ocean tide loading constituents are not considered, because unmodeled troposhere effects increase the noise level near the diurnal frequency band and prevent us from obtaining significant results.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.77-88
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• 2020

In this study, heading characteristics and heading control performances were evaluated to achieve the wave shield effect. The wave shield effect originating from heading control reduces the relative motions of moored vessels in a floating liquefied natural gas bunkering terminal (FLBT). Therefore, loading and off-loading performances are improved through reduced relative motion. For the objective of this study and efficiency of the analysis, a simplified model was used that assuming no relative motion of the moored vessels in the FLBT. The simplified model involved modeling the environmental loads and inertia of several floating bodies, including FLBT, into the environmental loads and inertia of a single vessel. The simplified model was validated through comparisons with model tests. With the simplified model, heading characteristics and heading control simulations were performed using low-frequency planar motion equations. The heading characteristics and heading control performances of FLBT were analyzed through the results of simulations under the expected environmental conditions. The capacity of the tunnel thrust for the heading control performance was confirmed to be adequate for improvement of the loading and off-loading performances using the wave shielding effects under the operation conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.317-322
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• 2003

This paper have calculated a relative heights of an each station using the data which were observed by GPS permanent stations(Chejudo, Homigoj, Jumunjin, Marado, Palmido, Ulengdo, Youndo) established in Korea. We performed spectrum analysis with a calculated relative heights by CLEAN algorithm. Through these process, we estimated vertical displacement of earth surface by semi-dinural ocean tidal loading components, and compared them with the results which were calculated by improving ocean tide model(NA099jb) for adjacent seas around Japan and Korea. As the result of this study, we determined the ocean tidal loading components with loading effects of $M_2$ and $N_2$, and we noted that the amplitude and the phase lags of ocean tidal loading components from observed GPS data were almost equal to values calculated from ocean tide models. However, the loading components about semi-diurnal tide $S_2$, $K_2$ couldn't estimate because of periods. Also, the diurnal ocean tide loading components were not considered, because the noise level have increased during the diurnal frequency.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.51-61
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• 2018

In this study, the operability of an FLBT (floating LNG bunkering terminal) was evaluated experimentally. Model tests were conducted in the KRISO (Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering) ocean engineering basin. An FLBT, an LNG carrier, and two LNG bunkering shuttles were moored side by side with mooring ropes and fenders. Two white-noise wave cases, one irregular wave case, and various regular wave cases were generated. The relative local motions between each LNG loading arm and its corresponding manifold in the initial design configuration were calculated from measured 6-DOF motions at the center of gravity of each of the four vessels. Furthermore, the locations of the LNG loading arms and manifolds were varied to minimize the relative local motions.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.627-636
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• 2023

The essence of subgrade mud pumping under train load is the migration of fine particles in subgrade soil. The migration of fine particles will change the pore structure of overlying ballast, thus affecting the mechanical properties and hydraulic properties of ballast layer. It is of great theoretical significance and engineering value to study the effect of fine particle migration on the pore structure of ballast layer under cyclic loading. In this paper, a tailor-made subgrade mud pumping test model and an X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning equipment were used to study the influence of migration of fine particles in subgrade soil on the pore parameters (plane porosity, volume porosity, pore distribution and pore connectivity) of overlying ballast under cyclic loading. The results show that the compression of ballast pores and the blockage of migrated fine particles make the porosity of ballast layer decreases gradually. And the percentage of small pores in ballast layer increases, while the percentage of large pores decreases; the connectivity of pores also gradually decreases. Based on the test results, an empirical model of ballast porosity evolution under cyclic loading is established and verified.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.419-427
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• 2020

In this study, a particle image velocimetry (PIV)-based pressure estimation method was investigated, with application to the wave-in-deck loading phenomenon. An experimental study was performed in a two-dimensional wave tank using a fixed deck structure under a focused wave, obtaining local pressures by pressure sensors, global loads by load cells, and instantaneous velocity fields using the PIV measurement technique. The PIV-based pressure estimation method was applied using the Euler equation as the governing equation, and the proper time step for the wave impact pressure was studied using the normalized root-mean-square deviation. The pressure estimation method showed good agreement for the local impact pressure in comparison with the measured pressure by the pressure sensors. However, some differences were observed in the peak pressure due to the limitations of the Euler equation and the sampling rate of the measurement system. Using the estimation method, the pressure fields during wave-in-deck loading were determined in the study, with an analysis of the mechanism of impact and negative pressure occurrence.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.73-78
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• 2002

Ships and ocean structures are generally under random loading. Various type of variable-amplitude loading affects fatigue crack growth and fatigue life. However interaction effects due to irregularity of loading including random loading have not explained exactly and it is difficult to examined fatigue crack growth behaviour and fatigue life for this reason. Therefore in this paper crack growth tests with constant-amplitude loading including a single overload were conducted to measure plastic zone size near crack tip of DENT specimen. And the observed plastic zone sized were discussed in terms of crack growth rate. As a result of this the effect the plastic rue size due to the overload is examined on the effect on crack growth rate and, consequently, fatigue life.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.23-38
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• 2022

In this paper, a pitch-type wave energy converter (WEC-rotor) is investigated in irregular wave conditions for the real sea testing at the west coast of Jeju Island, South Korea. The present research builds on and extends our previous work on regular waves to irregular waves. The hydrodynamic characteristics of the WEC-rotor are assessed by establishing a quasi-two-dimensional numerical wave tank using computational fluid dynamics by solving the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equation. The numerical solution is validated with physical experiments, and the comparison shows good agreement. Furthermore, the hydrodynamic performance of the WEC-rotor is explored by investigating the effect of the power take-off (PTO) loading torque by one-way and two-way systems, the wave height, the wave period, operational and high sea wave conditions. Irrespective of the sea wave conditions, the absorbed power is quadratic in nature with the one-way and two-way PTO loading systems. The power absorption increases with the wave height, and the increment is rapid and mild in the two-way and one-way PTO loading torques, respectively. The pitch response amplitude operator increases as the wave period increases until the maximum value and then decreases. For a fixed PTO loading, the power and efficiency are higher in the two-way PTO loading system than in the one-way PTO loading system at different wave periods.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.46-55
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• 2011

This paper deals with the crack propagation life assessment of T-joint welded structure where typical fatigue cracks have been frequently initiated when the marine vessels experience the storm load. Welding residual stresses are calculated to investigate its effects on the fatigue life. Thereafter the residual stress distribution was applied to the AFGROW life prediction program, which incorporated the loading, the welding residual stress, and the geometric shape of the structure. The fatigue tests of the T-joint welded specimen under storm loading show the beach mark clearly generated on the fractured section of the weldment. The crack propagation life estimated based on the beach mark is compared with that of AFGROW to validate the life prediction. Based on the results, the evaluation method of the remaining fatigue life for T-joint fillet weldment of marine vessel's cargo hold with random load or storm load was established.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.247-255
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• 2023

Interference and collisions often occur in the loading process at shipyards. Existing simulation methods focus primarily on resource processes and schedules, and there is a lack of real-time reflection in the complex and highly variable loading process. This study aims to develop a spatial environment incorporating real-time product data, such as hulls, and confirms its effectiveness by simulating various construction scenarios. As a method, a near real-time spatial environment based on broadband laser scanning was established, with the situation of loading heavy cargo assumed when converting an existing ship into an LNG dual-fuel propulsion ship. A case study simulation of near-real-time cargo loading processes was then conducted using Unity 3D to confirm the interference and collision risks within the spatial environment. The results indicated that interference occurred in structures previously not identified in the design data, and a collision occurred during the loading object erection phase. The simulation confirmed that the identification of interference and collision risks during the erection phase highlights the need for a relocation or removal process of potential hazards before erection takes place. An improved erection simulation that integrates near real-time data could effectively prevent interference and collision risks.