• 한국안전학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.28-36
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• 2018

There was a difference in recognition of respirators according to the educational performance environment. they were showed higher recognition of respirators of group by internal and external mix trainer, less than 6 months, over 1hour, more than 5 times, variety of education. To identify the relationship between types of job classification(typical and atypical)and the levels of recognition of respirators, a total of 153 workers in a business workplace. mainly, typical workers showed higher recognition of respirators than atypical workers. Training of correct wearing showed high demands both typical and atypical workers. Descriptive statistics(SAS ver 9.2)was performed. the results of recognition of respirators were analyzed the mean and standard deviation by t-test, and anova, fit factor is used geometric means(geometric standard deviation), paired t-test, Wilcoxon analysis(P=0.05). Particulate filtering facepiece respirators (PFFR) is one of the most widely used items of personal protective equipments, and a tight fit of the respirators on the wearers is critical for the protection effectiveness. In order to effectively protect the workers through the respirators, it is important to find and evaluate the ways that can be readily applicable at the workplace to improve the fit of the respirators. This study was designed to evaluate effects of mask style (cup or foldable type) and donning training on fit factors (FF) of the respirators, since these are available at various workplace, especially at small business workplace. A total of 40 study subjects, comprised of employment type workers in metalworking industries, were enrolled in this study. The FF were quantitatively measured before and after training related to the proper donning and use of cup or foldable-type respirators. The pass/fail criterion of FF was set at 100. After the donning training for the cup-type mask, fit test were increased by 769%. but foldable-type mask was also increased after the donning training, the GM of FF for the foldable-type mask and it's increase rate were smaller as compared to the cup-type mask. Furthermore, the differences of the increase rates of the GM of FF in employment type of the subjects were not significantly for the foldable-type mask. These results imply that the raining on the donning and use of PFFR can enhance the protection effectiveness of cup or foldable-type mask, and that the training effects for the foldable-type mask is less significant than that for the cup-type mask. Therefore, it is recommended that the donning training and fit tests should be conducted before the use of the PFFR, and listening to workers opinion regularly.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.34-48
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• 2019

Background: Fall-related injuries in older adults are a major health problem, and the risks and mechanisms of these injuries should be affected by race, culture, living environment, and/or economic status. Objects: Research articles have been systematically reviewed to understand fall-related injuries in older adults in South Korea. Methods: 128 published research papers have been found through the Korea Citation Index and the Korean Studies Information Service System, and reviewed in various perspectives, including incidents, fall death rates, medical costs, causes, injury sites and types, locations where falls occurred, prevention strategies, scholarly fields interested in fall injuries, and the role of physical therapy. Results: Fall-related injuries were found to be more common in women than in men, and the number of incidents increased with age, with the highest rate found in individuals over 85 years old. Risk of fall injury was associated with education level, comorbidities, and fear of falling. Common places where falls occurred included the bathroom, living room, stairs, and hallway. Common types of injury included bruises, fractures, and sprains in the lower extremities. Intervention strategies included exercise programs, education, and protective clothing. Scholarly fields interested in fall-related injuries in older adults included medicine, nursing, physical therapy, occupational therapy, physical education, pharmacology, oriental medicine, biomedical engineering, design, clothing, and textiles. Physical therapy intervention using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation has been used to improve one's balance. Conclusion: Any movement during the activities of daily living can lead to a fall. Physical therapists are highly educated to analyze human movements and should be involved in more research and practices to solve fall-related injuries in older adults.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.138-146
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• 2021

Objectives: This study aims to compare and evaluate the reduction efficiency of disinfectants used in the domestic meat processing industry to reduce bioaerosol exposure of meat industry workers and to use this as basic data for establishing work environment management measures. Methods: Thirteen disinfectants sold in South Korea were selected for evaluation and the bacterial reduction effect of the disinfectants was investigated. Bacterial suspension and surface disinfection tests were conducted to compare and analyze the antibacterial strength of the disinfectants. Pork carcasses, cutting boards, benches, and conveyor belts were selected for surface sterilization tests. Results: As a result of the bacterial suspension experiment test, all disinfectants had a bacterial reduction efficiency of more than 86%. Among them, the bacterial reduction efficiency of chlorine disinfectants was 99.93% on average. In the results of the pork carcass surface sterilization test, the rate of reduction of disinfectants made of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) was the highest. Tests of plastic cutting boards showed that chlorine disinfectants had the best sterilization effect. Experiments on stainless steel benches showed the best bacterial reduction efficiency for chlorine dioxide and QACs disinfectants. In the conveyor belt made of urethane, QACs disinfectants showed excellent sterilization effects. Conclusions: The study evaluated the disinfection power of disinfectants against bacteria occurring in domestic meat processing plants. All disinfectants were found to be effective in bacterial suspension experiments, and chlorine disinfectants were particularly effective. In surface sterilization experiments, sterilizing agents with QACs as the main ingredient were excellent.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2021

27개 사업장, 1897 근로자를 대상으로 근골격계질환 증상조사표를 받아 근골격계증상과 근로자 개인적 특성과의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 근로자의 근골격계질환 증상 유무는 한국산업안전보건공단의 근골격계부담작업 유해요인조사 지침에 따라 관리대상자 이상을 기준으로 했으며 개인적 특성으로는 작업자의 연령, 업무부담, 가사부담, 직장경력, 여가종류, 성별, 결혼유무로 구분하였다. 조사는 업무부담, 가사부담, 직장경력의 서열변수는 이분형 로지스틱 회귀분석을 통해 상관관계를 조사하였으며 그 외 명목변수는 교차분석과 카이제곱분석으로 해당 결과의 유의성을 확인하였다. 그 결과 작업자의 연령이 낮을수록, 업무부하와 가사부담이 높을수록, 여성일 경우, 여가활동을 가지지 않을 경우 근골격계질환 증상발현율이 높아진다는 것을 확인하였다. 그러나 본 연구의 결과를 다른 연구결과와 비교한 결과 조금씩 결과가 다른 점을 미루어볼 때 본 연구의 자료를 근골격계질환 예방의 개략적인 지표로써 활용할 수는 있지만 정량적 지표로써 활용하가 전 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.435-448
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• 2022

Objectives: As the time spent wearing masks has increased with spread of COVID-19, various research related to masks have been reported. However, there are still few experiments on the physiological response of the body to wearing industrial dust masks in South Korea. Considering the actual working hours at the work site, it is necessary to investigate the comfort of industrial dust masks. Therefore, this study aims to confirm the change in subjective discomfort level according to the wearing time for industrial dust masks in South Korea that have been certified for safety by KCS. Methods: This study evaluated subjective discomfort level over four hours. The experimental conditions were five types: not worn (control group), special grade, first grade, second grade (with valve), and second grade (without valve). The subjective discomfort levels were classified for breathing, warmth (body and face) and wetness (body and face). Subjects recorded their discomfort level on a checklist every one hour. Results: In special grade and second grade (without valve), the discomfort level in terms of breathing, warmth (face), and wetness (face) was significantly higher than that of the control group. However, the effects of all kinds of industrial dust masks on the discomfort level in the body were low. Conclusions: Since this study was conducted on subjects working in an office with a comfortable working environment, it is difficult to apply it to workers at actual industrial sites. However, it is considered meaningful as the first clinical study to evaluate the subjective level of discomfort over a long time for domestic industrial dust masks that have been certified for safety by KCS.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.307-313
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• 2022

우리나라 청년층에서는 경제활동참가와 실업이 동시에 나타나면서 더욱 심각한 문제를 안고 있어 노동시장이동에 대한 연구는 청년층의 실업을 극복하기 위한 연구라 볼 수 있다. 본 연구는 고용패널 중 청년패널조사 자료를 통해 청년층 취업자와 미취업자의 노동이동이 어떻게 진행되었는지 살펴보고, 취업자와 미취업자의 이동 경로와 이동에 영향을 미치는 요인을 확인하고자 하였다. 취업자의 경우 전문자격증을 소지하고 있었고, 안정적이지 않은 종사상 지위의 경우 취업 후에도 안정적인 지위 변화를 위해 노동이동 노력하였으며, 정규직이어도 적성과 일치하지 않으면 비정규직을 택하기도 하였으며, 평균임금이 노동이동의 중요한 요인으로 나타났다. 미취업자의 경우 일자리 경험이 없거나, 구직활동기간이 길어질수록, 취업노력을 하지 않을수록 미취업 가능성이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 미취업의 경우개인을 위한 지속적인 노력도 중요하지만 동시에 부모의 학력이 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 가정환경이 직·간접적으로 노동시장 이동에 영향을 미치고 있다는 사실은 여전하였다. 한편 학력이 높을수록 안정형이 많은 것으로 나타났으며, 수도권지역에 안정형이 가장 많았다. 이는 정부 및 지방자치단체 및 지역의 산업체, 지역대학의 유기적인 관계를 통한 지역노동시장의 활성화 전략이 지역균형발전과 더불어 어느 때 보다 시급하게 모색되어야 한다.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.265-275
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• 2019

본 연구는 지적장애 아동을 대상으로 백색소음을 적용하여 대상자들의 쓰기 능력과 손 기능의 변화를 분석하여 백색소음의 적용에 따른 지적장애 아동의 쓰기 능력과 손 기능 변화에 대한 기초자료를 제공하고자 수행되었다. 연구대상은 지적장애 아동 12명이며, 백색소음을 적용하여 대상자들의 적용 전, 후 쓰기 능력과 손 기능을 분석하였다. 백색소음의 제공은 백색소음 발생기를 통해 연속적이며, 균일하게 제공하였다. 쓰기 능력의 분석은 KNISE-BAAT(Korea National Institute for Special Education-Basic Academic Achievement Tests) 도구를 활용하여 표기능력, 어휘구사력, 문장구사력을 평가하였다. 손 기능의 분석은 Manual Function Test(MFT) 도구의 세부항목인 Pegboard 항목을 활용하여 분석하였다. 쓰기 능력 분석결과 대상자들의 표기능력과 어휘구사력에서 통계적으로 유의미한 향상이 나타났으며, 문장구사력에서는 향상이 나타나지 않았다. 손 기능 분석결과 양손 모두 통계적으로 유의미한 향상이 나타났다. 따라서, 지적장애 아동들의 저하된 쓰기 능력과 손 기능을 향상시킬 수 있는 보상적 접근방법으로 백색소음의 적용을 고려해야 할 필요가 있다고 판단되며, 지적장애 아동들의 수행수준과 학습수준, 학업성취도를 향상시킬 수 있도록 생활공간 및 학습공간에서 백색소음의 제공을 고려해야 할 것이다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.334-343
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• 2023

Background: South Korea's Act on Registration and Evaluation, etc. of Chemicals (known as K-REACH) was established to protect public health and the environment from hazardous chemicals. 4,4'-Methylenedianiline (MDA), which is used as a major intermediate in industrial polymer production and as a vulcanizing agent in South Korea, is classified as a toxic substance under the K-REACH act. Although MDA poses potential ecological risks due to industrial emissions and hazards to aquatic ecosystems, no ecological risk assessment has been conducted. Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the ecological risk of MDA by identifying the actual exposure status based on the K-REACH act. Methods: Various toxicity data were collected to establish predicted no effect concentrations (PNECs) for water, sediment, and soil. Using the SimpleBox Korea v2.0 model with domestic release statistical data and EU emission factors, predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) were derived for ten sites, each referring to an MDA-using company. Hazard quotient (HQ) was calculated by ratio of the PECs and PNECs to characterize the ecological risk posed by MDA. To validate the results of modeling-based assessment, concentration of MDA was measured using in-site freshwater samples (two to three samples per site). Results: PNECs for water, sediment, and soil were 0.000525 mg/L, 4.36 mg/kg dw, and 0.1 mg/kg dw, respectively. HQ for surface water and sediment at several company sites exceeded 1 due to modeling data showing markedly high PEC in each environmental compartment. However, in the results of validation using in-site surface water samples, MDA was not detected. Conclusions: Through an ecological risk assessment conducted in accordance with the K-REACH act, the risk level of MDA emitted into the environmental compartments in South Korea was found to be low.

• 지질공학
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.701-716
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• 2023

수환경으로 유입된 미세플라스틱(<5 mm)은 중금속을 흡착하여 생태계의 먹이사슬을 통해 인간에게 악영향을 미칠 수 있다. 본 리뷰에서는 수환경에서 미세플라스틱과 중금속 간의 흡착에 영향을 미치는 요인을 조사하고, 흡착과정과 메커니즘을 종합적으로 고찰하였다. 중금속 흡착특성은 미세플라스틱의 폴리머 유형과 결정도, 입자크기, 환경적 조건(pH, 온도, 풍화작용)에 따라 영향을 받았다. 특히 풍화도가 높고 폴리머의 입자크기가 작을수록 중금속 흡착량이 증가하였으나, 흡착이 발생하는 당시 환경의 온도 및 폴리머의 결정도와 중금속 흡착량에 대한 상관관계는 확인하기 어려웠다. 중금속 흡착거동은 흡착동역학과 등온식을 통해 평가한 물리·화학적 흡착과정에 의해 설명되었으며, 일반적으로 하나 이상의 메커니즘에 의해 복합적으로 발생하는 것을 확인하였다. 본 리뷰를 통해 미세플라스틱에 의한 중금속의 흡착거동과 메커니즘을 이해함으로써 수환경에서 미세플라스틱의 잠재적 위험을 평가하는데 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.185-196
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• 2024

Objectives: Excess mortality associated with long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) has been documented. However, research on the disease burden following short-term exposure is scarce. We investigated the cause-specific mortality burden of short-term exposure to PM_2.5 by considering the potential non-linear concentration-response relationship in Korea. Methods: Daily cause-specific mortality rates and PM_2.5 exposure levels from 2010 to 2019 were collected for 8 Korean cities and 9 provinces. A generalized additive mixed model was employed to estimate the non-linear relationship between PM_2.5 exposure and cause-specific mortality levels. We assumed no detrimental health effects of PM_2.5 concentrations below 15 ㎍/m³. Overall deaths attributable to short-term PM_2.5 exposure were estimated by summing the daily numbers of excess deaths associated with ambient PM_2.5 exposure. Results: Of the 2 749 704 recorded deaths, 2 453 686 (89.2%) were non-accidental, 591 267 (21.5%) were cardiovascular, and 141 066 (5.1%) were respiratory in nature. A non-linear relationship was observed between all-cause mortality and exposure to PM_2.5 at lag0, whereas linear associations were evident for cause-specific mortalities. Overall, 10 814 all-cause, 7855 non-accidental, 1642 cardiovascular, and 708 respiratory deaths were attributed to short-term exposure to PM_2.5. The estimated number of all-cause excess deaths due to short-term PM_2.5 exposure in 2019 was 1039 (95% confidence interval, 604 to 1472). Conclusions: Our findings indicate an association between short-term PM_2.5 exposure and various mortality rates (all-cause, non-accidental, cardiovascular, and respiratory) in Korea over the period from 2010 to 2019. Consequently, action plans should be developed to reduce deaths attributable to short-term exposure to PM_2.5.