• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.148-156
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• 2011

본 논문은 실내 이동로봇의 자율주행 방법을 적용한 결과를 기술한다. 구체적으로 지도생성, 위치추정, 장애물 회피, 경로계획에 대해서 설명한다. 기하학적 지도는 위치추정과 경로계획에 이용된다. 위치 추정을 위해서 지도 정보를 이용하여 센서 데이터를 계산하고 이를 실제 센서 데이터와 비교한다. 위치 추정에는 몬테 카를로 위치 추정 방법을 사용한다. 인공 전위계를 사용하여 장애물로부터의 척력과 목표 위치로의 인력을 구하여 장물을 피한다. 경로계획을 위해 다익스트라 알고리즘을 이용하여 로봇의 출발 위치에서 목표 위치까지의 최단거리 경로를 구한다. 이러한 방법들이 통합하여 자율 주행 방법을 실제로 구현하여 실험하였다. 실제 실험을 통하여 제안한 방법이 로봇을 안전하게 자율주행하게 함을 확인하였다.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2017

This paper presents the development of laser scanner based static obstacle detection algorithm for vehicle localization on lane lost section. On urban autonomous driving, vehicle localization is based on lane information, GPS and digital map is required to ensure. However, in actual urban roads, the lane data may not come in due to traffic jams, intersections, weather conditions, faint lanes and so on. For lane lost section, lane based localization is limited or impossible. The proposed algorithm is designed to determine the lane existence by using reliability of front vision data and can be utilized on lane lost section. For the localization, the laser scanner is used to distinguish the static object through estimation and fusion process based on the speed information on radar data. Then, the laser scanner data are clustered to determine if the object is a static obstacle such as a fence, pole, curb and traffic light. The road boundary is extracted and localization is performed to determine the location of the ego vehicle by comparing with digital map by detection algorithm. It is shown that the localization using the proposed algorithm can contribute effectively to safe autonomous driving.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.228-236
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• 1999

In this paper, we propose visual-based self-localization and obstacle detection algorithms for indoor mobile robots. The algorithms do not require calibration, and can be worked with only single image by using the projective invariant relationship between natural landmarks. We predefine a risk zone without obstacles for a robot, and update the image of the risk zone, which will be used to detect obstacles inside the zone by comparing the averaging image with the current image of a new risk zone. The positions of the robot and the obstacles are determined by relative positioning. The method does not require the prior information for positioning robot. The robustness and feasibility of our algorithms have been demonstrated through experiments in hallway environments.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2002년도 합동 추계학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.501-504
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• 2002

This research embodied DGPS (Differential GPS) system that robot detects users present position in outside environment as part of Lacteal gland robot that is sight obstacle. Therefore, introduced GPS system that is effective means that can save essential world coordinate to realize global navigation. However, it is no the effectiveness to use GPS that is having error of tens meter to apply to lacteal gland robot that is sight obstacle without revision. Therefore, this research embodied Localization system of lacteal gland robot that is sight obstacle using DGPS that make use of FM DARC system to use DGPS to heighten navigation accuracy of this.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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• pp.831-833
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• 2004

In this paper, an obstacle avoidance algorithm is proposed for a network-based robot considering network delay by distribution. The proposed algorithm is based on the VFH(Vector Field Histogram) algorithm, and for the network-based robot system, in which it is assumed robot localization information is transmitted through network communication. In this paper, target vector for the VFH algorithm is estimated through the robot localization information and the measurement of its delay by distribution. The delay measurement is performed by time-stamp method. To synchronize all local clocks of the nodes distributed on the network, a global clock synchronization method is adopted. With the delay measurement, the robot localization estimation is performed by calculating the kinematics of the robot. The validation of the proposed algorithm is performed through the performance comparison of the obstacle avoidance between the proposed algorithm and the existing VFH algorithm on the network-based autonomous mobile robot.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2006

Localization of mobile agent within a sensing network is a fundamental requirement for many applications, using networked navigating systems such as the sonar-sensing system or the visual-sensing system. To fully utilize the strengths of both the sonar and visual sensing systems, This paper describes a networked sensor-based navigation method in an indoor environment for an autonomous mobile robot which can navigate and avoid obstacle. In this method, the self-localization of the robot is done with a model-based vision system using networked sensors, and nonstop navigation is realized by a Kalman filter-based STSF(Space and Time Sensor Fusion) method. Stationary obstacles and moving obstacles are avoided with networked sensor data such as CCD camera and sonar ring. We will report on experiments in a hallway using the Pioneer-DX robot. In addition to that, the localization has inevitable uncertainties in the features and in the robot position estimation. Kalman filter scheme is used for the estimation of the mobile robot localization. And Extensive experiments with a robot and a sensor network confirm the validity of the approach.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.2435-2437
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• 2004

In this paper, an obstacle avoidance algorithm is proposed for a network-based robot considering network delay by distribution. The proposed algorithm is based on the VFH(Vector Field Histogram) algorithm, and for the network-based robot system, in which it is assumed robot localization information is transmitted through network communication. In this paper, target vector for the VFH algorithm is estimated through the robot localization information and the measurement of its delay by distribution. The delay measurement is performed by time-stamp method. To synchronize all local clocks of the nodes distributed on the network, a global clock synchronization method is adopted. With the delay measurement, the robot localization estimation is performed by calculating the kinematics of the robot. The validation of the proposed algorithm is performed through the performance comparison of the obstacle avoidance between the proposed algorithm and the existing VFH algorithm on the network-based autonomous mobile robot.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.679-687
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• 2019

This paper presents the autonomous swimming technology developed for an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) operating in the underwater jacket structure environment. To prevent the position divergence of the inertial navigation system constructed for the primary navigation solution for the vehicle, we've developed kinds of marker-recognition based underwater localization methods using both of optical and acoustic cameras. However, these two methods all require the artificial markers to be located near to the cameras mounted on the vehicle. Therefore, in the case of the vehicle far away from the structure where the markers are usually mounted on, we may need alternative position-aiding solution to guarantee the navigation accuracy. For this purpose, we develop a sonar image processing based underwater localization method using a Forward Looking Sonar (FLS) mounted in front of the vehicle. The primary purpose of this FLS is to detect the obstacles in front of the vehicle. According to the detected obstacle(s), we apply an Occupancy Grid Map (OGM) based path planning algorithm to derive an obstacle collision-free reference path. Experimental studies are carried out in the water tank and also in the Pohang Yeongilman port sea environment to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed autonomous swimming technology.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2007

스마트한 홈서비스를 제공하기 위해서는 가전기기를 제어하기위한 미들웨어 기술과 사용자의 위치를 기반 서비스를 위한 사용자의 위치 정보가 중요하다. 기존에 연구되는 초음파 및 전파를 사용한 기술은 장애물 및 주변 환경의 영향을 많이 받는다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 사용자의 위치 추정에 장애물 등의 영향을 받지 않는 관성센서를 사용하고, RFID를 사용하여 초기 위치를 설정하는 기법을 제안한다. 이 기법을 사용하여 초기 위치를 상대 좌표가 아닌 실제 좌표로 바로 할당할 수 있게 하여 이를 통해 관성센서의 단점인 오차누적 문제를 해결한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 시스템은 서비스제공 및 확장성을 위한 미들웨어와 미들웨어 상위계층에서 동작하는 사용자 위치 추정시스템, 그리고 사용자의 위치계산을 위한 데이터를 수집하는 관성센서 및 RFID Reader로 구성한다. 또한 스마트 홈 환경에서 본 논문에서 제안한 시스템이 장애물의 영향을 받지 않고 동작하는 것을 확인한다.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2005

This paper presents an obstacle detection algorithm based on the consecutive and the cooperative range sensor scanning schemes. For a known environment, a mobile robot scans the surroundings using a range sensor that can rotate 3600°. The environment is rebuilt using nodes of two adjacent walls. The robot configuration is then estimated and an obstacle is detected by comparing characteristic points of the sensor readings. In order to extract edges from noisy and inaccurate sensor readings, a filtering algorithm is developed. For multiple robot localization, a cooperative scanning method with sensor range limit is developed. Both are verified with simulation and experiments.