• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.67-98
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• 2012

This study suggests a set of Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) of Causality Mechanism which integrates the matter of characteristics of emerging market and its expansion strategies. In order to make CLD more objective, all causalities are articulated from recent 55 studies (2000~2012) of SSCI Top Journals. This approach is valuable in that it is a first try to draw all the causalities from rigorous literature review regarding emerging market strategy. The 5 CLDs will show and clarify the strategies of how to expand into emerging market for MNCs. In sum, political activity and institutional void is a critical factor related to characteristics of emerging market, and CSV and cultural distance should be considered as a leverage point. For all this study's contribution to clarify the causality of emerging market strategies with abundant literature review, the study has its limits in integrating and testing CLD.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.5-10
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• 2011

The main objective of the present study is to predict the process window of injection-compression molding corresponding to the capability of an injection machine for fabricating 7 inch LGP. The open distance and volume filled after injection stage were found to be two important factors that affect critical requirements such as flow length, injection pressure and clamping force for the process. Process window for the key factors was also predicted by response surface method. As a result, predicted process window for open distance and volume filled after injection stage satisfying the critical requirement with a given injection machine was in the range of 60 ~ 75%, and 104.00 ~ 104.25%, respectively.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.272-284
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a new framework for anomaly detection in medical wireless sensor networks, which are used for remote monitoring of patient vital signs. The proposed framework performs sequential data analysis on a mini gateway used as a base station to detect abnormal changes and to cope with unreliable measurements in collected data without prior knowledge of anomalous events or normal data patterns. The proposed approach is based on the Mahalanobis distance for spatial analysis, and a kernel density estimator for the identification of abnormal temporal patterns. Our main objective is to distinguish between faulty measurements and clinical emergencies in order to reduce false alarms triggered by faulty measurements or ill-behaved sensors. Our experimental results on both real and synthetic medical datasets show that the proposed approach can achieve good detection accuracy with a low false alarm rate (less than 5.5%).

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10b
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• pp.355-358
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• 1996

The primary objective of guidance system is to generate suitable commands so that the pursuer comes closer to its target. It is necessary, however, in the guidance of a certain pursuer that the attitude angle at impact should be within a prescribed range in addition to specification on the miss distance. These guidance requirements can not be satisfied by the general guidance laws developed for miss distance minimization. Compared with the demand in many applications, the guidance laws dealing with impact attitude angle constraint are not easily found. In this paper, biased PNG laws are proposed to obtain the guidance purposes. By Lyapunov method, it is shown that the pursuer can intercept the target with a prescribed attitude angle under the assumption that the pursuer is sufficiently fast and the target maneuver is negligible. The simulation results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the suggested guidance laws.

• International Journal of Ocean System Engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.16-23
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• 2012

In this paper we discussed a new methodology for Urdu Character Recognition system using Dempster-Shafer theory which can powerfully estimate the similarity ratings between a recognized character and sampling characters in the character database. Recognition of character is done by five probability calculation methods such as (similarity, hamming, linear correlation, cross-correlation, nearest neighbor) with Dempster-Shafer theory of belief functions. The main objective of this paper is to Recognition of Urdu letters and numerals through five similarity and dissimilarity algorithms to find the similarity between the given image and the standard template in the character recognition system. In this paper we develop a method to combine the results of the different distance measurement methods using the Dempster-Shafer theory. This idea enables us to obtain a single precision result. It was observed that the combination of these results ultimately enhanced the success rate.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.252-257
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• 2010

SAR has pulse compression gain through the process including range and azimuth. Efficient jammers against the SAR with simulated elements are evaluated in the view of power and SAR image. In this paper, J/S is analysed for SAR with RF propagation equation firstly. Several jamming signals on SAR signal are made into SAR image through pulse compression process. Objective jamming performance is evaluated using euclidean distance.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1989.07a
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• pp.195-201
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• 1989

Voltage collapse is a serious concern to the electirc utility industry. It is common to associate steady-state stability with the ability of the transmission system to transport real power and to associate voltage collapse with the inability to provide reactive power at the necessary locations within the system. An algorithm to directly calculate the critical point of system voltage collapse was presented by the authors. The method (based on the ordinary power flow equations and explicit requirement of singularity of the Jacobian matrix) is basically one degree of freedom with proper load distribution factors. This paper suggests a modified algorithm to increase the degree of freedom, introducing the nonlinear programming technique. The objective function is a distance measure between the present operating point and the closest voltage collapse point. Knowledge of the distance and the most vulnarable bus from the voltage collapse point of view may be used as a useful index for the secure system operation.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.83-91
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• 1995

For the accurate interpretation and objective measurement of textural characteristics of fermented vegetables, first of all, the studies on the microstructure and chemical compositions of vegetable cell, and the changes in the textural properties of vegetables during salting, blanching and fermentation should be carried out. And the mechanical textural parameters were needed to compare with and analyze in relation to the sensory parameters. In this review, the thypical force-distance curves of fermented vegetables were obtained from the compression, cutting and puncture test. And it was showed that the compression force was a more effective textural parameter to express the hardness of fermented vegetables, and the sensory chewiness and toughness were related to the changes in cutting force. In the puncture test, the puncture force was related to the hardness and varied with the size and form of puncture probe; the changes in puncture force by small probe could express the decrease in hardness and crispness, whereas those by large probe could represent the changes in toughness. And the brittleness and crispness could be measured by the break point and the numbers of peak obtained from the force-distance curves.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.2294-2302
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• 2004

The objective of this study is to obtain detailed information for the micro fabrication of lead frames by applying spray technology to wet etching process. Wet etching experiments were performed with different etching parameters such as injection pressure, distance from nozzle tip to etched substrate, nozzle pitch and etchant temperature. The characteristics of single and twin spray were measured to investigate the correlation between the spray characteristics and the etching characteristics. Drop size and velocity were measured by Phase-Doppler Anemometer (PDA). Four liquids of different viscosity were used to reveal the effects of viscosity on the spray characteristics. The results indicated that the shorter the distance from nozzle tip and the nozzle pitch, the larger etching factor became. The average etching factor had good positive correlation with average axial velocity and impact force. It was found that the etching characteristics depended strongly on the spray characteristics.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.62-66
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• 2006

The objective of this thesis is to measure the limit of the real space where wireless Local Area Network (LAN) is used, and to apply this result as reference to set up a real Wireless LAN environment. The organized circumference was composed of Wireless LAN based on IEEE 802.11b of the American standard, and the examination is carried out on the campus. On the real condition of office environment and open space, the ratio of available distance to a signal at each distance was measured and this result was studied as data to embody wireless LAN on the campus. The measurement under an indoor environment was executed under circumstance having two walls and open space, however, was executed respectively under three circumstances: Where no obstacle, where one wall exists, and where two or more walls exist.