• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2019

Since 1980's, Countless schools across the nation, particularly in rural areas, have been closed down by the large fall in number of students. Otherwise, an elderly population has been increasing rapidly, so the demand for welfare services for the elderly population is also increasing. However, the supply of elderly welfare facilities remains inadequate. The purpose of this study is to propose remodelling plan of elderly welfare facility using Closed schools. The result of this study were as follows; in unit-based facility plans, Single room type can be used for elder who lives alone or an elderly couple. Senior Congregate Housing type can be used for four to five people. These two types have equal sunlight and ventilation conditions for each room, and are for an old man in relatively good health. Membership resort type is for the healthy senior who lives in the rural area or lives in the city who wants short-term residence. In case of a Nursing home type, the existing one-sided corridor was converted into a central corridor and each classroom is divided into four rooms. This type has advantage for nursing and management, on the other hand, the corridor is narrow and each room has differences for sunlight and ventilation.

• Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.575-587
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• 2002

In this paper we discuss the contrastive nature of formalism and functionalism in linguistics. Though the mainstreams of linguistic analysis have been focused on the form and function, they have been challenged from each other's strong points. On the one hand, the formal description has been studied in the tradition of generative grammar. On the other hand, the functional nature has played a crucial role in the framework of language use. It seems undesirable to argue that there is one-sided bias toward any type of linguistic approach. I try to present a balanced view of these two contrastive approaches. We also argue that there should be a cooperative work in developing the mutual growth of linguistic theory.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.399-405
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• 1996

The present buried contact (BC) solar cell research at SAIT includes the development of a processing sequence suitable for production of the single sided (SS) BC solar cells. This paper presents some results for large area ($45cm^{2}$) SSBC cells fabricated on FZ and CZ silicon substrates. Cell efficiencies in excess of 18% fabricated on FZ, p-type, 0.5 ohm-cm, and over 16% on CZ p-type, 10~20 ohm-cm, wafers have been demonstrated. Both the FZ and CZ wafers were chemically textured. These results are preliminary and the exploration of double sided (DS) sequence, which is the future BC structure would lead to over 17% and 20% efficiency cells on CZ and FZ substrates respectively. The cost of solar cells can be reduced further if the many high temperature steps can be reduced to only one. This would be very advantageous to very poor quality substrates such as the CZ grown wafers.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.17-28
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• 2012

Functional mismatch and thought and plan-less material use of recently built boundary barriers in rural areas should greatly degrade their amenity value as one of linear villagescapes, but, their present state-of-art basically necessary for problem-solving had never surveyed up to now. From this point of view, this study tried to investigate present stock quantities and qualities of boundary barriers in rural areas by sample studies on 21 case villages(7 types ${\times}$ 3 cases) and comparative analysis between the planned or improved and nots. Wall type was absolutely dominated in the structural terms, of which more than half was used cement block as building material and, therefore, grey-colored. More than half of total barrier length were fully shielded, while relatively partially shielded in the mountainous villages in open space and 'Cultural villages' with closed housing structures. Free standing style of barriers was shown along over two thirds of their total length, although not more than half in planned reclaimed villages. Especially, because of one-sided wall type structure, mismatched over-shieldness and poorer maintenance condition of the boundary barriers in peri-urban villages, there should be provided with very intensive improvement efforts for amenity barriers.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.209-222
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• 1997

In this paper, we study a bargaining order problem where one buyer sequentially bargains with two sellers whose reservation prices are unknown to the buyer but correlated. Our main question is who the buyer should bargain first with to maximize his expected payoff. This type of problem is widely applicable to business and political situations where one party negotiates with multiple parties sequentially. One of the most important element in a sequential bargaining is "linkage effect" which exists when the aggreement of the previous bargaining affects the outcome of the following bargaining. To examine "linkage effect", we assume that the sellers'objects are similar so that the sellers' reservation prices are correlated. In addition, to consider incomplete information aspect regarding reservation prices, it is assumed that the sellers' reservation prices are unknown to the buyer. That is, we deal with one sided incomplete information case. In our model, there are two stages in each of which the buyer meets one seller. Since we are concerned with the bargaining order, we consider two different bargaining orders. Using game theory, we find a perfect Bayesian equilibrium and compute the buyer's expected payoff for each bargaining order. Finally we identify the advantageous bargaining order for the buyer by comparing the expected payoffs obtained under two different bargaining orders. Our results are as follows: the advantageous bargaining order depends on the prior probability of the seller type. However, in general, the buyer should bargain first with the seller whose object is less valuable to the buyer. The basic reason for our result is that the buyer wants to experiment in the first stage to find out the sellers' reservation prices and in doing so, to minimize the experimental cost and maximize potential gain in case of negotiation failure in the first stage. in the first stage.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.71-79
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• 2000

We show that the intersection of two standard torus knots of type (${\lambda}_1$, ${\lambda}_2$) and (${\beta}_1$, ${\beta}_2$) induces an automorphism of the cyclic group ${\mathbb{Z}}_d$, where d is the intersection number of the two torus knots and give an elementary proof of the fact that all non-trivial torus knots are strongly invertiable knots. We also show that the intersection of two standard knots on the 3-torus $S^1{\times}S^1{\times}S^1$ induces an isomorphism of cyclic groups.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2009.07a
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• pp.973.1_974.1
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• 2009

One of the most important technical improvement required for ropeless elevator system to become practical is the improvements in overall system efficiency. Moreover, the predominant drawback of permanent magnet (PM) linear synchronous motor (LSM) is large detent force. Therefore, for the given volume the selection of high power density PM-LSM with low detent force is very imperative. In this paper, we will investigate the characteristics of thrust and detent force of PM-LSM under different motor topology structure. Finally, the long stator double-sided iron core type PM-LSM with fractional slot winding is the best choice for the ropeless elevator system.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.850-855
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• 2008

This paper suggests a new linear motor which is able to levitate as well as move its mover without any linear bearing or even additive windings. Its structure is very similar to a well-known both-sided linear motor which consists of two stators and a common mover. And the movement principle is the same with that of conventional linear motor. But unlike the conventional one, the amplitudes of phase currents are controlled to levitate the mover. In this paper, the structure and principle of the suggested bearingless linear motor are introduced in detail and its feasibility is experimentally investigated. Using the prototype and a very simple controller, we succeeded in the levitation and linear movement of the mover at a time.

• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.19-29
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• 1982

Galerkin's finite element method is applied to a two-dimensional heat convection-diffusion problem arising in the hydrodynamic lubrication of thrust bearings used in naval vessels. A parabolized thermal energy equation for the lubricant, and thermal diffusion equations for both bearing pad and the collar are treated together, with proper juncture conditions on the interface boundaries. it has been known that a numerical instability arises when the classical Galerkin's method, which is equivalent to a centered difference approximation, is applied to a parabolic-type partial differential equation. Probably the simplest remedy for this instability is to use a one-sided finite difference formula for the first derivative term in the finite difference method. However, in the present coupled heat convection-diffusion problem in which the governing equation is parabolized in a subdomain(Lubricant), uniformly stable numerical solutions for a wide range of the Peclet number are obtained in the numerical test based on Galerkin's classical finite element method. In the present numerical convergence errors in several error norms are presented in the first model problem. Additional numerical results for a more realistic bearing lubrication problem are presented for a second numerical model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.11a
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• pp.127-128
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• 2021

In this study, a study was conducted to analyze thermal diffusion according to the depth of concrete exposed to high temperatures. For thermal diffusion analysis, a test specimen in which K-type sheath thermocouples were poured in 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mm sections was manufactured, and thermal diffusion measurement was performed through one-sided heating for 180 minutes under heating conditions. As a result of the review, it was shown that as the temperature condition increased, the heat diffusion increased as the depth increased.