• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.133-144
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• 2014

Objective : The purpose of this study is to report the effect of Korean medicine treatment on rhinosinusitis by showing OMU(ostiomeatal unit) CT(computed tomography). Methods : The clinical study was done on 5 cases of rhinosinusitis patients diagnosed by OMU CT. The patients were treated with herbal medicine and acupuncture. OMU CT was taken after treatment. Results & Conclusions : After treatment, 5 rhinosinusitis patients were improved in symptoms and remarkable resolutions of rhinosinusitis in OMU CT were observed. These results suggest that Korean medical therapy could be a safe and effective intervention in rhinosinusitis and we need to have more studies for objective evaluations of Korean medicine treatment.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 1998

Nasal sounds include nasalized vowels and consonants. Nasal cavity is important for the acoustics of nasal sounds. Evaluating the effects of site-specific nasal obstruction on nasal sound will help us to understand the importance of nasal geometry for the nasal sound and to foretell voice change after nasal surgery This study was designed to analyze the change of nasality and formant characteristics of nasal sound by obstructing different sites around the ostiomeatal unit(OMU). Ten adult male and female volunteers participated. The nasal formants and bandwidths of nasal consonant /n/ were checked in various conditions of nasal obstruction. The nasalance of rabbit, baby, and mama passages were compared in each conditions. Nasalance of all passages decreased when anterior portion of OMU was obstructed. Center frequency of first nasal formant(NF1) of /n/ has decreased in the order of anterior, inferior obstruction. The bandwidth of NF1 decreased in female with anterior obstruction. Anterior portion of OMU is most critical to the change of nasality and acoustics of nasal consonant. When anterior portion of OMU is obstructed, the shift of NF1 to a lower frequency and the narrowing of NF1 bandwidth are the major acoustic changes of nasal consonant /n/.

• 생약학회지
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• 제34권4호통권135호
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• pp.282-287
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• 2003

We reported that neurotoxicity may contribute to cyanide-induced neuronal injury. Cyanide stimulates the release of glutamate which can activate glutamate receptors to propagate excitotoxic processes. We examined the role of plant extracts in mediating the cyanide-induced cytotoxicity and report here that the cytotoxicity assessed in SK- N-SH cell cultures by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the culture media was significantly blocked by Evodia officinalis MeOH extract (OMU). Also, when OMU was treated in NaCN level cultures, the neurite outgrowth was regenerated as much as in the treatment of NaCN only. These results indicate that OMU treatment were not only protected the neurons against NaCN-induced damage but also regenerated the neurite outgrowth of neuroblastoma cells.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.147-153
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• 1970

Band assignments in the infrared absorption spectra of the four substituted Urea compounds, Fenuron (3-phenyl-1,1-dimethyl urea), OMU (3-cyclooctyl-1,1-dimethyl urea), Herban (3-(hexahydro-4,7-methanoidan-5-yl)-l,1-dimethyl urea), and Monuron (3-(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl urea), are made by analyzing the spectra obtained with various solvents. The results suggest that Fenuron and Monuron, each of which contain an unsaturated benzene ring, have a strong tendency to bond through both the amino group and the carbonyl oxygen. Herban and OMU, however, exhibit a much greater change in strength of the carbonyl bond than of the amino bond. It means that a strong hydrogen bonding occurs only at the carbonyl oxygen in the compounds.

• 대한음성언어의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성언어의학회 1997년도 제8회 학술대회 심포지움
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• pp.253-253
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• 1997

비폐색이 있는 경우 음성이 변하는 것을 쉽게 느낄 수 있지만, 비폐색 때의 음향학적인 특성에 대하여 알려진 바를 찾기는 쉽지 않다. 저자들은 인위적으로 비폐색을 유발하여 비폐색 부위에 따른 비강자음의 음향학적 변화특성을 파악하고 비음도의 변화 정도를 비교하고자 하였다. 정상비음도를 보이는 성인남녀 각 10명을 대상으로, 2ml의 부피를 갖도록 수술용장갑에 Merocel$^{\circledR}$을 넣은 뒤, 이를 이용하여 ostiomeatal unit(OMU)을 중심으로 전후상하 4부위의 인위적인 비폐색을 유발하여, 비폐색 전과 후의 부위에 빠른 차이틀 비교하였다. /나나/의 발성을 각 조건에서 3회 실시하여, 모음중간의 /ㄴ/중 (CVCV) 안정된 spectorgram소견을 보이는 부위를 선택하여, 해당구간의 제1, 제2, 제3 음형대와 각각의 bandwidth 평균값을 남녀별로 비교하였고, 표준비음비율이 알려진 rabbit, baby, mama 문장을 이용하여 비음비율을 비교하였다. 남녀모두 비폐색전에 비하여 OMU의 앞쪽부위를 막은 경우에 제1음형대가 가장 뚜렷하게 감소되었으며, 비음비율의 유의한 감소를 보였다. 비폐색이 있는 경우, 비강자음 /ㄴ/은 제1음형대를 중심으로 주요변화가 일어남을 알 수 있었으며, 비폐색 부위에 따라 비음비율이나 제1음형대 감소의 정도가 다름을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.263-270
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• 2019

Background: The gelada baboon, Theropithecus gelada Ruppell, 1835, is an endemic primate of the central and western highlands of Ethiopia occurring between altitudes of 1800-4400 m. Variability in activity time budget between the two gelada social units, i.e., one-male units (OMUs) and all-male units (AMUs), has not been studied previously. Thus, the present study was an effort to understand intra- and inter-variations in group size and daily activity time budget in gelada baboon OMUs and AMUs at Guassa Community Conservation Area, Central Ethiopia. The instantaneous sampling method was used in the data collection. Results: Both OMU and AMU groups allocated more time for feeding (OMUs = 36.96%; AMUs = 35%) followed by moving (OMU = 25.8%; AMUs = 27%). Grooming was the most frequent social activity in both family groups (OMUs = 8.56%; AMUs = 11.81%). OMUs and AMUs did not show significant variation between themselves in the time budget and temporal distribution of their daily activities. However, the overall variation in the time budget allocated for daily activities within OMUs and AMUs was statistically significant (p < 0.05%). The different age and sex groups in OMUs (i.e., immature, sub-adult females, subordinate males, adult females, and alpha males) showed statistically significant variation in their time budget allocation for the daily activities (p < 0.05) except for feeding and moving. Alpha males had the highest proportion of resting (32.14%) and aggression (31.92%). Immature individuals were responsible for > 90% of the time budget recorded for playing while adult females showed the highest frequency of grooming. Group size of OMUs ranged between 5 and 15 individuals (mean ± SD = 11.25 ± 1.95). Adult females comprised the highest number within OMUs (mean = 4.5) followed by immature individuals (mean = 3). The group size of AMUs ranged from 4 to 8 (mean ± SD = 6.6 ± 1.5). Conclusion: Our results showed that the gelada baboon spent less time on foraging compared to previous studies at the Simien Mountains and Debre-Libanos area. We suggested this variation could be explained based on higher forage quality at Guassa Community Conservation Area resulting from better conservation of the habitat.

• 식물병연구
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.219-222
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• 2014

Several tomato production regions in Korea were surveyed for tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD). Tomato leaf samples showing TYLCD-like symptoms were collected from Tongyeong (To), Geoje (Gi), and Gimhae (Gh) cities of the southern part of Korea. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) was detected and the full-length genomes of the isolates were sequenced. The TYLCV isolates found in Korea shared high sequence identity (> 99%) with TYLCV-IL [JR:Omu:Ng] (AB110217). Phylogenetic relationship analysis revealed that they formed two groups (with little genetic variability), and the To, Gj, and Gh isolates belonged to the TYLCV-IL group. An infectious clone of TYLCV-To (JQ013089) was constructed and agroinoculated into Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana tabacum var. Xanthi, Petunia hybrida, Capsicum annuum, and Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Hausumomotaro. Agroinfection with a dimeric infectious clone of TYLCV-To induced severe leaf curling and stunting symptoms in these plants, excluding C. annuum. Tomato plants then developed typical yellow leaf curl symptoms.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.173-181
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• 2011

Purpose: Masseter muscle is an important muscle of mastication. Because it has a great influence on the shape of low facial contour, patients who have masseteric hypertrophy show square-shaped jaw appearance. As aesthetic procedures for the reduction of the masseter muscle volume, radiofrequency ablation or botulinum toxin injection is at the center of attention. Authors studied the anatomical measurement of the thickness and width of masseter muscle and the surface mapping of the maximal thickness point using computed tomography (CT) scan to identify the useful guide for the injection of botulinum toxin in masseteric hypertrophy patients. Methods: We analyzed 2 mm-thickness OMU (ostiomeatal unit) CT of 112 normal people (224 masseter muscles) taken from June 2009 to May 2010. First, we measured the thickness, width and depth of the masseter muscle from the skin surface and analysed each by side, sex and age, respectively. The distribution of the thickness of the muscle and the correlation of thickness and width of the muscle were studied also. Second, we underwent surface mapping of the maximal thickness point using CT analysis by means of checking the vertical and horizontal distance from the angle of the mandible. Results: The average thickness and width of the masseter muscle was 17.73 mm and 40.78 mm in the male patients and were 14.33 mm and 37.42 mm in the female patients. Statistically, both figures of the male patients were larger than those of the female patients. However, the depth of the muscle from the skin surface in female patients (7.37 mm) was larger than that of the male patients (6.15 mm). There were no statistical difference in side or age. The width and thickness of the masseter muscle were in the positive correlation. The location of maximal thickness point of the masseter muscle was 27.77 mm vertically and 27.68 mm horizontally in the male patients, and 25.19 mm vertically and 25.42 mm horizontally in the female patients from the angle of mandible. Conclusion: We were able to present statistical evidence of the diagnosis and treatment of the masseteric hypertrophy regarding the anatomical measurements such as the thickness and width. And the maximal thickness point of the masseter muscle may be a useful guide for the clinical procedures of botulinum toxin injection.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.367-379
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• 1994

본 논문은 UNIX 운영체제에서의 스케줄링 법칙에 대한 설명과 그에 따른 큐잉응 답 시간을 분석한다. 큐잉응답시간은 UNIS내의 한 프로세서에 대한 조건부 응답시간의 평균값을 추정 분석함으로써 주어진다. 조건부 응답시간의 평균값은 일정한 CPU 시간 을 필요로하는 프로세서간 컴퓨터에 보내지는 시점에서 그 프로세서가 CPU 시간을 완 료하고 되돌아오는 시점까지의 평균값이다. UNIX내의 스케줄링 법칙은 우선순위 서비 스에 기초한다. 즉, 다음과 같은 단계의 스케줄링 법칙에 의하여 통제를 받는다. (ⅰ)시분할 사용량은 각요청에 대하여 필요한 CPU 시간을 완료할 때 까지 한개씩의 퀀텀(Quantum)을 할당함으로써 구제한다; (ⅱ)퀀텀 할당을 받기 위하여 시스템 모드 에서의 비선점(Nonpreemptive)교환, 사용자 모드에서는 선점(Preemptive)교환을 사용 한다; (ⅲ) 동일 우선순위내에서는 FCFS법칙을 사용한다; (ⅳ)할당된 퀀텀을 완료한 프로세서는 우순순위에 맞는 실행 대기행열의 맨 뒤에 위치되어 CPU 서비스를 기다리 거나, 디스크 대기행열에 위치되어 슬립(Sleep)상태로 들어간다. 이와 같은 프로세서 스케줄링법칙은 사용자 모드에서 라운드로빈(Round-robin)효과를 창조한다. 본 논문 에서는 라운드로빈 효과와 선점 교환을 사용하여 사용자 모드에서의 프로세서 지연을 추정한다. 비선점 교환을 사용하여 시스템모드에서의 프로세서 지연을 추정한다. 또한 디스크 입출력에 의한 프로세서 지연도 고려한다. 조건부 응답시간의 평균은 지연시간 의 합을 추정하여 구하여진다. 본 논문의 결과는 시스템시간을 필요로 하는 프로세서 가 우수한 응답시간을 가지며, 사용자 시간을 필요로하는 프로세서의 지연만큼 시스 템시간을 필요로하는 프로세서가 응답시간에서 혜택을 받는다는 것을 보여준다.성 괴사를 동반하는 간내 작은 종양의 발견에 MRI가 가장 유용할 것으로 판단된다.보였는데 그 종류와 빈도를 보면 중비갑개봉소 8명, 비중격 만곡 6명, Haller cells 3명, 역으로 굽은 중비갑개 3명, 사골포 비대 2명, 비제봉소 2명, 혼합형이 2명에서 있었고 변이가 보이지 않았던 경우가 62명이었다. 결 론: 해부학적 변이는 사골 누두나 OMU 영역을 좁히거나 막음으로 인하여 공기 흐름에 와류를 일으키거나 점막의 섬모 운동에 의한 정화 작용을 방해하여 증상을 유발할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 부비점막 이상 없이 증상이 있는 환자에서 부비동의 해부학적 변이는 증상과 연관성이 많을 것으로 사료된다.때에는 악성일 가능성이 높으므로 밀접한 추적 검사와 다른 진단기기를 이용한 검사를 더 해야 할 것으로 사료된다.의 2006년도 가정용 전력수요의 전망치 33,118 GWh가 기존방식에 의한 한전의 전망치 61,155 GWh의 54%수준밖에 되지 않는데 서도 잘 나타나고 있다. 한편 본 고는 경제성장과 환경보존을 동시에 달성할 수 있는 지속적 개발의 실천방안으로서 에너지 수요관리를 논하고자 한다. 고효율 기기의 개발과 조기도입을 촉진시키는 에너지 수요관리 통하여 우리는 에너지효율을 대폭 개선시키며 대기오염 배출량도 대폭 줄일 수 있다. 본 고는 에너지 공급관리(공급확충)위주에서 에너지 수요관리위주로서의 에너지정책 전환은 불가피하다고 판단한다. 에너지 공급시스템보다 에너지 수요시스템위주로 전체 에너지시스템을 획기적으로 개선시키기 위해서는 최저 에너지효율제의 광범위한 실시와 함께 고효율 기기의 개발과 보급에 필요한 유인책의 도입, 고효율 기기와 에너지의 효율적 이용에 대한 정보 등이 필요시 되고 있다. 우리 나라의 경우 현재의 산업구조와 기술수준을 고려하여 에너지 효율의 기준을 미국보다