• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.453-461
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 임베디드 RISC 코어의 성능 및 전력 소모 개선을 위해 동적 분기예측 구조, 4원 집합연관 캐쉬 구조, ODC 연산을 이용한 클록 게이팅 기법을 제시한다. 동적 분기 예측 구조는 분기 명령에 대해 다음에 실행될 명령에 대한 예측 주소를 저장하는 BTB (Branch Target Buffer)를 사용한다. 4원 집합연관 캐쉬는 네 개의 메모리 블록을 한 개의 캐쉬 블록에 사상되는 구조로서 직접사상 캐쉬에 비해 접근 실패율이 낮고 라인 교체 방식으로 Pseudo-LRU 방식을 채택하여 LRU 정보를 저장하는 비트 수를 감소시킨다. ODC를 이용한 클록게이팅 기법은 논리합성 개념인 무관조건의 입출력 ODC 조건을 찾아 클록 게이팅 로직을 삽입함으로써 동적 소비전력을 줄인다. 제시한 구조들을 임베디드 RISC 코어인 OpenRISC 코어에 적용하여 성능을 측정한 결과, 기존 OpenRISC 코어 대비 실행시간이 약 29% 향상 되었고, Chartered $0.18{\mu}m$ 라이브러리를 이용하여 동적 전력을 측정한 결과, 기존 OpenRISC 코어 대비 소비전력이 16% 이상 감소하였다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2008년도 추계종합학술대회 B
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• pp.289-292
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 OpenRISC 프로세서의 성능 및 전력 소모 개선을 위해 동적 분기예측 기법, 사원 집합연관 캐시 구조, ODC를 이용한 클럭 게이팅 기법을 제안한다. 동적 분기 예측 기법은 분기 명령에 대해 다음에 실행될 명령에 대한 예측 주소를 저장하는 BTB를 사용하였다. 사원 집합연관 캐시는 네 개의 메모리 블록을 한 개의 캐시 블록에 사상되는 구조로 되어있어 직접사상 캐시에 비해 접근 실패율이 낮다. ODC를 이용한 클럭게이팅 기법은 논리합성 개념인 무관조건의 입출력 ODC조건을 찾아 클럭 게이팅 로직을 삽입함으로써 동적 소비전력을 줄일 수 있다. 테스트 프로그램을 이용하여 제안한 기법들을 적용한 OpenRISC 프로세서의 성능을 측정한 결과, 기존 프로세서 대비실행시간이 8.9% 향상 되었고, 삼성 $0.18{\mu}m$ 라이브러리를 이용하여 동적 전력을 측정한 결과, 기존 프로세서 대비 소비전력을 13.9% 이상 감소하였다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.78-84
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• 2012

This paper presents a branch prediction algorithm and a 4-way set-associative cache for performance improvement of an embedded RISC core and a clock-gating algorithm with observability don’t care (ODC) operation to reduce the power consumption of the core. The branch prediction algorithm has a structure using a branch target buffer (BTB) and 4-way set associative cache that has a lower miss rate than a direct-mapped cache. Pseudo-least recently used (LRU) policy is used for reducing the number of LRU bits. The clock-gating algorithm reduces dynamic power consumption. As a result of estimation of the performance and the dynamic power, the performance of the OpenRISC core applied to the proposed architecture is improved about 29% and the dynamic power of the core with the Chartered 0.18 ${\mu}m$ technology library is reduced by 16%.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.27-40
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• 1990

In recent years, tissue antigens and enzymes that will serve as phenotypic markers for malignant cells are becoming increasingly important as diagnostic aids. This study was undertaken to investigate the specific activities of these enzymes in DMBA-induced rat submaxillary gland carcinogenesis. One hundred and twenty Sprague-Dawley rats about 100 gms of body weight were used. In experimental group, DMBA pellet (5mg) was implanted into right submaxillary gland and sham operation was performed into left gland to serve as control. The animals were sacrificed every three weeks up to 15 weeks. Submaxillary glands were excised on both sides and enzyme assays for ${\gamma}-glutamyl$ transpeptidase (GGT), 5'-Nucleotidase, Ornithine decarboxylase(ODC) and Acetyl-Co A carboxylase were carried out biochemically. The obtained results were as follows ; 1. In control group, there was no significant weight change of submaxillary gland, while experimental group, weight was increased remarkably about 7-fold at 15th week since DMBA implantation. 2. In control group, there was no change in specific activities of enzymes during the experimental period. 3. GGT activity was rapidly increased reaching a peak of 1.766${\pm}$0.082units/mg of DNA, 8-fold greater than that of onset. 4. 5'-Nucleotidase activity was increased reaching a peak of $362.1{\pm}53.2{\mu}moles/mg$ of DNA at 9th week. 5. ODC activity was rapidly increased, reaching a peak of 26.2${\pm}$4.8nmoles/mg of DNA at 9th week and quickly returned to that of control at 15th week. 6. Acetyl-Co A carboxylase activity was rapidly increased earlier than other enzymes, reaching a peak of 0.178${\pm}$0.013units/mg of DNA at 6th week and quickly declined to the control level at 15th week.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2003년도 International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.68-71
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• 2003

To be able to show moving images without visual problems like blurring and tailing, the response time of liquid crystal display (LCDs) must be improved. In this paper we will discuss our progress in improving the response time by optimizing the cell configuration and the use of new liquid crystal mixtures. A 20.1inch diagonal UXGA IPS TFT-LCD has been developed having a response time as fast as l-frame time (16msec) for white-black operation and less than 16msec in all gray levels without applying ODC (Over Driving Circuit). This is very important because one of the technology to reduce motion blurring, the use of scanning backlight is conditioned by 16msec for all grays. The excellent gray-to-gray response can be explained by virtue of fundamental characteristics of S-IPS mode and makes a good contrast with the results of VA mode.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2004년도 Asia Display / IMID 04
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• pp.843-846
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• 2004

For the fast growing Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) TV market, it is essential to make the LCD panels to show moving images without any visual difficulties such as blurring or tailing. Owing to reduction of the cell gap and the improved Liquid Crystal (LC) mixtures with low viscosity, it is possible that our S-IPS TFT-LCDs feature a response time (R/T) as fast as 1-frame time (16ms) for a white-black operation and less than a 16rns in all gray levels without Over Driving Circuit (ODC) technology. Currently, mass production of the large size IPS panels with high speed has been successfully achieved. In order to achieve faster response time, new LC mixtures have been developed, optimizing the physical properties of rotational viscosity (${\gamma}$1) and elastic constants (Kii). Also, the LC mixtures with high elastic constant allow us to increase the cell gap. In this paper, realization of fast switching time in IPS mode with optimized '${\gamma}$1/Kii' parameter in the LC mixtures forms the core of this paper.