• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2005

This study was conducted to develop the descriptive analysis procedures for evaluating the sensory characteristics of yeast leavened breads. Eleven highly trained panelists identified the following 23 sensory attributes in the bread and defined the terminology for each attribute; yellowness of crumb, roughness of surface, uniformity of cell, density of cell, brownness of crust for appearance characteristics, yeast fermented, chemical, roasted flour, buttery, milky, boiled flour, sweet, and salty for flavor characteristics, springiness, ease to tear, moistness on surface, adhesiveness to lip, hardness, stickiness, cohesiveness of mass, moisture absorption, chewiness, and loose particles for textural characteristics. Reference samples for the flavor attributes were determined. There were significant differences in all of the 23 sensory attributes of commercial bread samples. The principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to summarize the sensory data. The first two principal components explained 89% of the variation of the original variables indicating reliability of procedure developed in this study.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.305-312
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: As the prevalence of chronic diseases has risen, the need for straightforward diagnostic tools for monitoring nutrition status to improve nutrition counseling and disease prevention has likewise increased. This study developed an easily usable dietary behavior pattern diagnosis checklist and investigated its correlation with dietary quality index. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A draft dietary pattern evaluation tool was generated by analyzing previous studies. The draft questionnaire comprised 61 questions for assessing dietary habits. A survey was administered to 320 adults (19 to 64 years old) using the dietary pattern evaluation tool and 24-hour-recall method between March and May of 2014 in Jeonbuk province and the metropolitan area. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was performed to identify dietary behavior patterns. Nutritional analysis was conducted using CAN-Pro 4.0, and the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) was calculated to assess dietary quality. The correlation between dietary pattern scores and DQI-I scores was also analyzed. RESULTS: The factor analysis resulted in a total of 34 questions mapped to four main dietary behavior patterns: "high fat and calorie" pattern (12 questions), "overeating/binge" pattern (nine questions), "dietary impulse" pattern (eight questions), and "unbalanced food intake" pattern (five questions). The four dietary behavior patterns were negatively correlated with DQI-I adequacy and total scores (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The dietary pattern evaluation tool developed in this study can be used to diagnose a client's dietary behavior problems and is available as a nutrition counseling tool in the field.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.165-173
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• 2021

Centella asiatica (CA) has been used as a nutritional plant as well as a traditional herbal medicine around the world. This study, quality component (proximate composition, total polyphenol, and triterpenoid compound), and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of CA dried using various methods were investigated. Proximate compositions of CA with different drying methods included a large amount of carbohydrates, crude protein, crude ash, and crude fiber. Among the drying methods, cold drying provided the highest total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity, while hot-air drying at 75℃ provided the lowest total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity. In addition, when the major triterpenoid compounds of CA were analyzed, the highest content of asiaticoside of triterpenoid glycoside was obtained with all drying methods. With respect to the total triterpenoid, the highest content was obtained with cold drying (68.8 mg/g) whereas natural drying (31.4 mg/g) provided the lowest content. In anti-inflammatory activity of LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, EtOH extract of cold drying showed a significantly higher inhibitory activity in comparison to the other drying methods. In conclusion, it is considered that the cold drying method is suitable for industrial preparation of functional materials with high physiological ingredients, and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities from CA.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.833-841
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was investigation of quality and quantity of nutritional intake related oral health status among Korean elders. Methods : The nutrient intake and the dietary quality was evaluated on the basis of the Dietary Reference Intakes For Koreans(KDRIs). Chi-square test for Complex Samples was used to determine the relationship between oral health and inadequate nutrient intake in Korean elders. The complex samples general linear model was used to test difference of average value difference of nutrient intake percentage compared to dietary reference intake(DRI), energy intake rate from three major nutrients, average mean adequacy ratio(MAR) and index of nutritional quality(INQ) related oral health status. Age, sex and total energy intake was compensated for this analysis. PASW 18 was used for statistical analysis. Results : We could found the difference of the nutrient intake and the dietary quality related oral health status among Korean elders. Especially, Nutrient intake percentage and component ratio of protein among energy intake rate from three major nutrient was lower as oral health status became worse. The percentage of subjects with nutritional intakes under showed highest level in worst oral health status. As oral health status became worse, average mean adequacy ratio(MAR) was lower and the number of nutrient of which index of nutritional quality(INQ) was under 1 was more. Conclusions : From the result above, this study clearly shows the level of oral health affecting the inequalities of eating and the food for the people. And the various propose of oral health policies is needed for vulnerable groups who needs solution to solve the problem of inequality of food distribution where intensive distribution of nutrition problem occurred. Sufficient, safe, and a variety of healthy food intake is a fundamental right of our people. And also, to apply this policy in reality, institutional arrangements and organizations, and specific performing system will be needed.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.855-864
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to compare the physicochemical and nutritional properties of breast and thigh meat from commercial Chinese crossbred chickens (817 Crossbred chicken, 817C), imported commercial broilers (Arbor Acres broiler, AAB), and commercial spent hens (Hyline Brown, HLB). The crossbred chickens, commercial broilers and spent hens were slaughtered at their typical market ages of 45 d, 40 d, and 560 d, respectively. The results revealed that several different characteristic features for the three breeds. The meat of the 817C was darker than that of the other two genotypes. The 817C were also characterized by higher protein, lower intramuscular fat, and better texture attributes (cooking loss, pressing loss and Warner-Bratzler shear force [WBSF]) compared with AAB and HLB. The meat of the spent hens (i.e. HLB) was higher in WBSF and total collagen content than meat of the crossbred chickens and imported broilers. Furthermore, correlation analysis and principal component analysis revealed that there was a clear relationship among physicochemical properties of chicken meats. With regard to nutritional properties, it was found that 817C and HLB exhibited higher contents of essential amino acids and essential/non-essential amino acid ratios. In addition, 817C were noted to have highest content of microelements whereas AAB have highest content of potassium. Besides, 817C birds had particularly higher proportions of desirable fatty acids, essential fatty acids, polyunsaturated/saturated and (18:0+18:1)/16:0 ratios. The present study also revealed that there were significant differences on breast meat and thigh meat for the physicochemical and nutritional properties, regardless of chicken breeds. In conclusion, meat of crossbred chickens has some unique features and exhibited more advantages over commercial broilers and spent hens. Therefore, the current investigation would provide valuable information for the chicken meat product processing, and influence the consumption of different chicken meat.

• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.100-108
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• 2022

Background: It has been reported that various substances exist in wild Conyza canadensis, but I think that the overall compositional analysis is still insufficient. Purposes: This study was to set extraction conditions and search for various nutritional components in the wild C. canadensis. Methods: Various extracts were extracted and analyzed using different analytical instruments to suggest and study the conditions for component analysis. Results: As for the general nutritional components of C. canadensis leaf extract, carbohydrates were 46.4%, crude protein 26.5%, moisture 16.3%, raw meal 9.5%, and natural fat 1.2%. The dietary fiber content was 30.76%. Free fructose, glucose, sucrose, and maltose were separated, and the amount of fructose was as high as 4,144.2 mg/100 g. In addition, we found 64.87 mg/g of K, 4.09 mg/g of P, 1.77 mg/g of Mg, and 0.16 mg/g of disodium in the extracts. A total of 20 fatty acids have appeared. In addition, unsaturated fatty acids (octadecenoic acid, octadecadienoic acid, and linolenic acid) were detected. Linolenic acid was high at 54.1%. The saturated fatty acid content was 0.39 g/100 g, and the trans fatty acid content was 0.01 g/100 g. No cholesterol was found in the plant. Riboflavin was at 0.4 mg/100 g, with six essential amino acids and 24 amino acids. Conclusions: As a result of the primary research on the plant, various nutritional and functional ingredients exist in the extract, and natural healing uses are available.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.121-127
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• 1968

This research has been dealt with the nutritional component analysis of two kinds of non-edible marine algae, Sargassum herneri (Turner) C. Ag. and Zostera marina Linne which grow abundantly around the southern coast of Korea, These marine algae were mixed in several kinds of samples rates with the combined feed for poultry sold in the market. These were given to 35 chicken in seven test divisions respectively. We have experimented with 35 chicken grown up for two weeks after hatchout. The combined food for poultry obtained from the market was set up as control divisions. The experiments were as follows: 1) The average weight increase in each test division during feeding (Table 5, Fig.2). 2) Food conversion rate and food efficiency in each test division (Table 7). 3) The comparison of digestive rate of crude protein during feeding (Table 8), The results were as follows: 1) The weight increasing rate of the test animal stock fed the food containing $5\~10\%$ of Sargassum horneri (Turner) C. Ag. powder was higher than the rate of those fed only market food for poultry. 2) The stock given food containing $10\%$ Zostera marine powder showed lower growth than the control divison. 3) No apparent trouble owing to salt component involved in the marine algae was found. 4) The stock given food containing sodium glutaminate and Sargassum horneri (Turner) C. Ag. had better result than that without sodium glutaminate.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.334-338
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• 2017

In this study, the nutritional components of Tenebrio molitor, Protaetia brevitarsis, and Allomyrina dichotoma larvae, which have been registered as novel foods, were analyzed and compared to expand the diversity of selection criteria for edible insects. The contents of crude components, amino acids, fatty acids, and minerals were analyzed. According to the results of comparative analysis of edible insects, crude proteins were abundant in all three kinds of insects. The content of crude fat was the highest in T. molitor, and the content of carbohydrate was the highest in A. dichotoma. When comparing the composition of amino acids, total amino acid content and essential amino acids were the highest in T. molitor larvae. In T. molitor and P. brevitarsis larvae, the compositions of fatty acids were similar, with higher amounts of unsaturated fatty acids than in A. dichotoma. In terms of mineral content, A. dichotoma contained the highest amounts of calcium and iron, whereas P. brevitarsis contained the highest amounts of phosphorus and potassium. With these results, it is expected that edible insects could be selected according to nutritional demand. In addition, multiple combinations of edible insects will offer a richer intake of nutrients.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.942-951
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• 2015

This study compared nutrition knowledge, dietary behaviors, and checking behaviors of food and nutrition labels between Korean and Chinese university students to obtain useful data for development of an education program for healthy dietary life. The data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire in Korea and China. Frequencies, t tests, ${\chi}^2$ tests, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, and Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis were conducted by SPSS Win. V.21.0. The levels of nutrition knowledge and dietary behaviors were not high. Korean students showed higher percentage of correct answers about nutrition knowledge and levels of dietary behaviors than Chinese students. The means of degree of checking contents of food labels were 3.46 points for Korean students and 3.11 for Chinese students. Both groups of students showed the highest degree of checking milk and dairy products. The degree of understanding nutritive component labeling of Chinese students was higher than that of Korean students. Both groups of students showed higher than normal levels of confidence about nutritive component labeling and necessity of education on food and nutrition labels. The most preferred method of education on food and nutrition labels was broadcast media for both groups of students. In addition, there were significant correlations among nutrition knowledge, dietary behaviors, checking degree of food labels, checking degree of nutritive component labeling, and experience of nutrition education.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.434-440
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• 1998

Seven hybrid lines of Leucaena leucocephala $\times$ L. diversifolia and two control lines of L. leucocephala were compared for their adaptation to acid-soils and tolerance to damage by the psyllid, Heteropsyla cubana, at four locations over two years in Peninsular Malaysia. Primary data on leaf composition and in vitro digestibility (nutrition variables) and secondary data on plant height, stem girth and psyllid damage (agronomy variables) were the measures of performance. Cluster solutions of the nine lines were different within locations, between locations and between years for nutrition and agronomy variables. Controls and hybrids did not cluster separately. Principal component scores of the nine lines gave rank orders which were different by location and by year. No performance trend could be detected between hybrids and controls. The conclusion is that nutritional and agronomic characteristics in Leucaena are independent, soil composition and weather did not consistently affect performance, and evidence is inconclusive as to the benefits of interspecific crossing with L. diversifolia.