• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.231-239
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• 2003

The purposes of this study were to: (a) investigate the characteristics of recipients' of the non-government foodbank program, (b) examine the health and dietary related conditions of them, and (c) evaluate the benefits and effectiveness of the foodbank program from the recipients' perspective. A total of 21 groups (n = 755) and 75 individual recipients participated in the survey. The main results of the study were as follows; (a) Generally, the individual recipients were 74-year-old female, livelihood protectee, and those who received government assistance or funds from private donators as their source of livelihood. (b) The ages of group recipients varied widely, and they also received government assistance or funds from private donators as their source of livelihood. (c) Most of the donated foods were bakery and confectionery Items. rice, and milk and other dairy products. (d) Benefits such as the decrease in the recipients' food expenses and an enhancement of their nutritional statuses were identified. (Korean J Community Nutrition 8(2) : 231∼239, 2003)

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.273-280
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• 2015

Lentils (Lens culinaris) are a nutritious and popular food throughout the world. This review provides an overview of the nutritional and functional properties of lentils. Lentils have high nutritional value: high protein, high fiber, low fat, and a variety of minerals. The addition of lentils to other foods could enhance their health benefits. Additionally, there is no decrease in the amino acid content in lentils when cooked; rather, the amino acids increased and the phytic acids decreased. Lentils are generally known to have biomedical functions including antioxidative, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, and thrombolytic properties. The data presented here show that fermentation would increase the amount of bioactive substances in the beans. Therefore, fermentation techniques could be a new approach to produce lentil-based foods. They are also eco-friendly, cost-effective, and feasible processes. This review has suggested a future development of new lentil-related foods using traditional fermentation technology.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.615-635
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• 1996

The animal industry must be environmentally sound to ensure its long-term sustainable growth. Livestock wastes mostly manure, can be a valuable resource as well as a potential hazard to environment. The first option of manure management is developing an 'environmentally sound' feeding program and feeds so there are less excreted nutrients that need to be managed. Once the manure is produced it can be best utilized as a fertilizer of a soil conditioner. In many countries the amount of manure that can be spread on land depends on the nutrient requirements of the crop being grown. The laws specify maximum application rates and not animal stocking rates. Farmer who reduce the N and P component of manure can release pressure on the environment without having to reduce the number of animals. There are alternative system for housing and manure treatment which generate manure that are easier to handle and have less pollutants or more economic value. Treated animal waste may also be used as a feedstuff or fuel source. Most of the options of waste management result in increased costs to implement. It is necessary to assess the economics in order to find an acceptable compromise between the increased costs and the benefit to the environment. Animal welfare is also becoming more and more of an issue and it will lead to systems where animals are kept in less confined environment. The new system will have a great impact in the waste management system in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.272-281
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• 2013

To study the importance of family meals in adolescents, 251 middle school students were surveyed through a questionnaire on their family meal patterns, dietary behaviors, food intake, and life satisfaction. The family meals were defined as "meals with all family members living together" by 62.2% of the students. For the frequency of family meals, 42.2% of the students replied having family meals "More than once a day". A common reason for the difficulty in having a family meal was a "lack of time" (73.3% of the students). Students tended to respond that they would be most fond in having meals with entire family members with traditional Korean food. Having more frequent family meals was found to benefit both individual and familial dietary behavior. In terms of food intake according to the frequency of family meals, the group having frequent family meals consumed significantly more rice, tofu, legumes, meats, fishes, eggs, green vegetables, seaweeds, fruits, milk, and milk products. This indicates that students can achieve a balanced diet through family meals. In terms of emotional status, the group having more frequent family meals showed a higher satisfaction with their daily life, health, nutritional status, and care from their relatives. In terms of personal mental status, the group having more frequent family meals was also found to be more effective at controlling undesirable emotions such as loneliness, indignation, and lethargy. As a result of this study, students in the group having more frequent family meals were found to have a positive dietary behavior, a balanced nutrition, a higher life satisfaction, and a more stable mental status. This result is useful as nutritional and educational information in schools to impress upon the public the importance of family meals for adolescents.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.355-366
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• 2018

The aim of this study is to investigate the awareness and satisfaction level of school meal services by elementary school students and their parents. Approximately 97.2% of student-subjects have agreed on the necessity of a free meal service for school lunch; 44.3% of student-subjects voiced the need to provide free meal services in order to eliminate discrimination of low-income students. Over one-third of student-subjects (36.7%) cited nutrition as the main benefit of providing a free meal service. The majority of parent-subjects (95.1%) have recognized the need for a free meal service in school; approximately 37.3% of parent-subjects responded to need the free meal service in order to eliminate the discrimination of impoverished students. Both student- and parent-subjects expressed a high level of satisfaction with the quality of ingredients and the type of soup/nutrition provided. Student-subjects insisted on better food hygiene and a new menu, but cited the noisy cafeteria as a problem associated with school meal services. In addition, approximately 56.5% of student-subjects responded to the need for nutritional education in school. Parent-subjects were primarily concerned with hygiene regarding the preparation of school meal services, noting the temperature of foods as the biggest problem in school meal services. The majority of parent-subjects (88.1%) responded to the need for the nutritional education in school. Results of this survey indicate that school meal services can be improved by increasing menu options and increasing food hygiene.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2009

Purpose: Preterm infants are very susceptible to malnutrition because of a lack of storage of nutrients, immature digestion and metabolism, and accompanying diseases associated with prematurity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of nutritional support by the pediatric nutritional support team (pNST) on the clinical course of preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods: Between July 2003 and July 2006, 48 preterm infants who were admitted to the NICU at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital were included. The subjects were divided into the following two subgroups according to the presence of NST activity; pre-NST group (n=23) and NST group (n=25). Hospital records were reviewed retrospectively. Results: Forty-eight preterm babies were included (M：F=27：21; gestational age, 25~33 weeks). A dietician, pharmacists, or the pNST participated in the prescription of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) more rapidly in the NST group (p=0.000). The fasting periods and TPN administration periods were significantly decreased in the NST group compared to the pre-NST group (p=0.017 & p=0.001, respectively). The doses of calories, protein, and lipids administered via TPN were significantly increased in the NST group compared to the pre-NST group (p=0.016, p=0.000, and p=0.000, respectively). The total period on antibiotic therapy was significantly decreased in the NST group compared to the pre-NST group (p=0.007). Conclusion: Because nutritional support by the pNST is of benefit to the clinical course of preterm infants in the NICU, the pNST should recommend to improve the nutritional status and clinical outcome of preterm infants.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.315-323
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Available data suggest that seasonal changes may influence the nutritional status and overall health of elderly individuals. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of seasonal changes and related factors on energy and nutrient intake of older adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Individuals aged 65 years or over were prospectively enrolled in this single-center study (male: 11, female: 20). Data were collected between May 2013 and February 2014 during winter, spring, summer and autumn. Food consumption and biochemical parameters were taken during each season to assess the seasonal nutrition status of the elderly. Upon analysis of biochemical parameters (retinol, vitamin D and vitamin C), an high-performance liquid chromatography device was utilized whereas an Immulite 2000 device was utilized during analysis of serum folic acid and parathyroid hormone. RESULTS: Fruit, fat, egg and bread consumption varied seasonally in males and females (P < 0.05). During winter, daily energy intake was found to be greater than in other seasons in males (557 kcal) and females (330 kcal) (P < 0.05). Additionally, carbohydrates, vegetable protein, n-3 fatty acid and sodium intake increased in winter, while the n-6/n-3 ratio increased in summer among males (P < 0.05). Dietary fiber and sodium intake in winter, vitamin C, iron and zinc intake in spring, and cholesterol, retinol, vitamin D and niacin intake in autumn were found to be higher in females when compared to other seasons (P < 0.05). Serum parathyroid hormone level was higher in winter, and vitamin D level was higher in autumn in both genders (P < 0.05). In males, blood folic acid level was higher in winter, while vitamin C level was higher in females, and there was no seasonal variation in retinol concentration (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Food consumption and biochemical parameters showed significant seasonal variations in older adults. It is not clear if nutrition plans in older adults will benefit from consideration of seasonal changes in eating habits.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.73-83
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• 2007

In order to investigate the ecological factors affecting milk intake frequency of adolescents, the questionnaire survey was conducted with 929 middle and high school students living in Chungnam urban area through October and November 2004. The subjects consumed milk 8.6$\pm$6.7 times per week, other beverages 4.4$\pm$4.1 times per week and drinking water 3.7$\pm$2.1 cups per day. Of the students 77.3% took balanced meals, 72.8% ate regularly and 36.2% ate adequate amount. About 61% had breakfast everyday and nearly a half students snacked once a day. Nutritional knowledge scores about milk was 7.2$\pm$1.7 and milk attitude scores was 28.1$\pm$6.5. The subjects spent daily 1.8$\pm$1.1, 1.9$\pm$1.1, and 1.0$\pm$0.5 hours for computer use, TV watching and exercise, respectively. Milk intake frequencies were positively correlated with excercise, snack frequency, meal balance and regularity, breakfast frequency, food attitude score and milk preference, while showed negative correlationships with TV watching and computer use. Intake frequency of fruit-tasted and chocolate milk showed inverse correlation with nutritional knowledge. Subjects without either school store or vending machine took milk more frequently than those with one or both did. Of the correlated variables, milk preference was the most important influencing factor to milk intake frequency according to the stepwise linear regression analysis, which presented other 5 important influencing factors as food attitude, school vending facilities, excercise, snacking frequency and watching TV. In conclusion, the improvement of milk preference is the most important and effective way to promote milk consumption in adolescents. The favorite ways of drinking milk, nutritional benefit of milk, healthy beverage and good snacking should be taught in nutrition education. Also physical activities should be recommended to students rather than watching TV, computer use and vending facilities selling soft drinks should be limited to be established inside school.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.75-83
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• 2012

An explanatory survey was conducted to assess preference and consumption pattern of horticultural species, their sources, location-wise planting preferences and diversity of these species in the rural homestead forest of the offshore island of Bangladesh. Assessment was done through multistage random sampling. Based on homestead size respondents were categorized into small (<0.05 ha), medium (0.05-0.25 ha) and large (>0.25 ha) and twenty from each category were selected randomly for the study. The study revealed that most of the farmer (75.5%) preferred to plant fruit tree species for future plantation followed by timber species (62.2%). But fruit-bearing plants were being gradually replaced by some exotic timber species such as Swietenia mahagoni, Acacia auriculiformis, Tectona grandis, Eucalyptus spp., etc. Diversity and abundance of fruit species was found higher in almost all homestead. A total of 41 horticultural species were identified and seven horticultural species among them were recognized as the most preferred ones in the study area. Consumption pattern was chiefly to meet the nutritional demand and to gain a quick monetary benefit. Average annual income from horticultural species was 7,183.33 Taka (US$102).

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.179-186
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors that influence dietary compliance in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design and was conducted with a survey of 141 patients in liver cirrhosis who were treated at D-university hospital in Busan. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and a multiple regression were performed using SPSS/WIN 20.0 Program for windows. Results: The mean score was 3.47 in dietary compliance. Dietary compliance had a positive correlation with self-efficacy, perceived-benefit medical staff support, age, drink or not but had a negative correlation with perceived barrier. As a result of multiple regression analysis, self-efficacy and perceived-benefits explained 30.1% (F=7.69, p<.001) of the variance of dietary compliance. Conclusion: Dietary compliance was suggested to consider self-efficacy and perceived-benefits when developing a nutritional education programs for patients with liver cirrhosis.