• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.91-99
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• 1990

By the comparative analysis of middle school Home Economics curricula in the U.S, Sweden, japan, Taiwan, and Korea, this study attempts to understand the current Home Economics education and to access its trends for each country. Based on the findings of the analysis, this study also seeks to get the major implications of the analysis for the betterment of the Korean Home Economics Education. The main sources of information and data analyzed here are :1)curricula for 10 School Districts in Pennsylvania state as representives of the U.S ; 2)Home Economics curriculum for middle school in Sweden ; 3) Home Economics Teaching Guidelines in Japan ;4)Home Economics curriculum in Taiwan ; and 5) Home Economics curriculum in Korea. Content Analysis technique is applied in this study. The major elements of contents include :1)structure of the curriculum ;2)subject name ; 3)time allotment; 4)goals and objectives ; 5)subject areas and content composition ; 6) other related characteristics for the implemention of the curriculum Summarized results of the study outline as follows; 1)Home Economics is offered as independently required subject without sex discrimination in all five countries. 2)Time allotment for Home Economics in Sweden is double that in the other countries. 3)The common goals of Home Economics courses is practical learning experiences closely related to reality. 4) In terms of subjects areas, Food and Nutrition, Clothing & Textiles, Housing Human Development, and Child care are offered in three of four countries, which is also similar to those of Korea. In addition Consumer Education is also covered in the U.S., Sweden and Korea. 5)Curriculum can be utilized as instructional planning materials due to the clear specification of instructional method, materials, and evaluation method on the curriculum, especially in the U,S, and Taiwan.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.207-214
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was aimed to investigate the effect of an education program on inter-rater agreement of Neonatal/Infant Braden Q Scale for clinical nurses working at a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods: This was single-arm pre and post experimental study. The participants were 12 nurses and 128 hospitalized neonates at a NICU from December, 2012 to March, 2013. Twelve nurses were divided into four different groups; for two groups were assigned nurses with 3 to 5 years of clinical experiences, and for the others with less than 1 year of clinical experience. The interventions were given by one wound ostomy specialist and two NICU nurses with over 5 years of clinical experiences for 1 hour twice. The inter-rater agreement was measured by intraclass-correlation coefficient. Results: Overall inter-rater agreement was improved from .87(95% CI: .80~.92) at the pre-test to .94(.91~.96) at post-test. Each inter-rater agreement except moisture and nutrition was also improved. Conclusion: The developed education program on scoring for Neonatal/Infant Braden Q scale was effective to improve the inter-rater agreement among clinical nurses. We suggest to privide an education for NICU nurse before using the Neonatal/Infant Braden Q scale in clinical settings.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.18-26
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• 2009

The survival of Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) infants has been improved with the advancement of neonatal intensive care. However, the incidence of accompanying gastrointestinal complications such as necrotizing enterocolitis has also been increasing. In intestinal perforation of the newborn, enterostomy with or without intestinal resection is a common practice, but there is no clear indication when to close the enterostomy. To determine the proper timing of enterostomy closure, the medical records of 12 VLBW infants who underwent enterostomy due to intestinal perforation between Jan. 2004 and Jul. 2007 were reviewed retrospectively. Enterostomy was closed when patients were weaned from ventilator, incubator-out and gaining adequate body weight. Pre-operative distal loop contrast radiographs were obtained to confirm the distal passage and complete removal of the contrast media within 24-hours. Until patients reached oral intake, all patients received central-alimentation. The mean gestational age of patients was $26^{+2}$ wks ($24^{+1}{\sim}33^{+0}$ wks) and the mean birth weight was 827 g (490~1450 g). The mean age and the mean body weight at the time of enterostomy formation were 15days (6~38 days) and 888 g (590~1870 g). The mean body weight gain was 18 g/day (14~25 g/day) with enterostomy. Enterostomy closure was performed on the average of 90days (30~123 days) after enterostomy formation. The mean age and the mean body weight were 105 days (43~136 days) and 2487 g (2290~2970 g) at the time of enterostomy closure. The mean body weight gain was 22 g/day after enterostomy closure. Major complications were not observed. In conclusion, the growth in VLBW infants having enterostomy was possible while supporting nutrition with central-alimentation and the enterostomy can be closed safely when the patient's body weights is more than 2.3 kg.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.434-440
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• 2017

S-methyl-$\small{L}$-methionine (SMM), also known as vitamin U, is commercially available as skin care cosmetic products for its wound healing and photoprotective effects. However, the low skin permeation expected of SMM due to its hydrophilic nature with a log P value of -3.3, has not been thoroughly addressed. The purpose of this study thus was to evaluate the effect of skin permeation enhancers on the skin permeation/deposition of SMM. Among the enhancers tested for the in vitro skin permeation and deposition of SMM, oleic acid showed the most significant enhancing effect. Moreover, the combination of oleic acid and ethanol further enhanced in vitro permeation and deposition of SMM through hairless mouse skin. Furthermore, the combination of oleic acid and ethanol significantly increased the in vivo deposition of SMM in the epidermis/dermis for 12 hr, which was high enough to exert a therapeutic effect. Therefore, based on the in vitro and in vivo studies, the combination of oleic acid and ethanol was shown to be effective in improving the topical skin delivery of SMM, which may be applied in the cosmetic production process for SMM.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.123-128
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• 2013

Background Some diabetic feet heal without complication, but others undergo amputation due to progressive wounds. This study investigates the risk factors for amputation of diabetic feet. Methods A total of 55 patients who visited our institution from 2008 to 2012 were included in the study. The patients with abnormal fasting blood sugar levels, lower leg vascularity, and poor nutrition were excluded from the study group, and the wound states were unified. The patients were categorized into a treatment success group (n=47) and a treatment failure group (n=8), and their hemoglobin A1C (HgA1C), C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC), and serum creatinine levels were analyzed. Results The initial CRP, WBC, and serum creatinine levels in the treatment failure group were significantly higher than that of the treatment success group, and the initial HgA1C level was significantly higher in the treatment success group. The CRP and WBC levels of both groups changed significantly as time passed, but their serum creatinine levels did not. Conclusions The initial CRP, WBC, and serum creatinine levels were considered to be risk factors for amputation. Among them, the serum creatinine level was found to be the most important predictive risk factor. Because serum creatinine represents the renal function, thorough care is needed for the feet of diabetic patients with renal impairment.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.116-124
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• 1991

Nursing problems of 48 hospitalized patients with Conduct Disorder at a Child-Adolescent psychiatry inpatient were analyzed by reviewing nursing records. The results showed that the problems such as ineffective individual coping, impaired social interaction, disturbance in self-concept, potential for violence, alteration in parenting, altered growth and development were continued from early to later phase of the hospitalization and the other problems such as self-care deficit, anxiety, sleep disturbance, altered nutrition, hyperthermia were temporary. The etiologic factors related to these problems were underdeveloped ego, low self-esteem, dysfunctional parent-child relationship, some situational crises in family and handicap like mental retardation or epilepsy. Therefore nursing approach for the patients with Conduct Disorder should focus on ego growth and improvement of interpersonal relationship through systematic and long-term nursing plans and interventions for these patients and their family.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.615-625
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• 2007

This study investigated the overall conditions related to family meals, including perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors, among middle and high school students. The data were collected from 773 male and female students attending middle and high schools in Seoul and Kyunggi-Do from March to May 2006, using pre-tested self-administered questionnaires. The results are as follows: 78.9% of the subjects lived with their parents and siblings, and 75.7% regarded family meals as meals eaten with all family members living together in a household. As for the frequency of family meals, 40.1% of the middle school subjects answered that they ate with their family 'more than once per day' and 20.8% answered '1 or 2 time per a week'. However 21.0% of the high school students had family meals 'more than once per day', and 31.7% had family meals '1 or 2 times per a week', showing a significant difference between the groups(p<0.001). When the degree of satisfaction with life was evaluated using a Likert scale(strongly satisfied 5 point, strongly unsatisfied 1 point), the middle school students showed a significantly higher level of satisfaction than the high school students towards daily life, health, nutritive conditions, and family care. feelings, attitudes, and behaviors toward family meals were also evaluated(strongly agree 5 point, strongly disagree 1 point), and the results showed that the subjects had positive psychological feelings, with significant differences based on the frequency of family meals. Likewise, the groups who ate frequent family meals scored higher on aspects related to having positive attitudes and behaviors toward the family meal, implying that eating family meals is associated with promoting friendship, psychological stability, and positive thinking in adolescents. These findings suggest that attention needs to he directed toward increasing the frequency of family meals and creating a positive family meal environment.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.131-138
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• 2015

In this study, cucumber Jangachi using Sake cake was prepared and its quality characteristics verified. After preparing various cucumber Jangachi with different salt concentrations, physicochemical characteristics, hardness and sensory evaluation were investigated. Five samples (0%, 3%, 6%, 9% and 12% brine) were used and designated as treatment plots (CJ0, CJ3, CJ6, CJ9 and CJ12, respectively). Higher concentration of brine was associated with reduced pH of cucumber Jangachi and higher total acidity. Salinity decreased significantly as storage period increased. On day 0, it shows similarity to the concentration of brine, whereas it was reduced after day 28. The soluble solid content increased significantly as the storage period increased and decreased slightly after 21 days. Regarding concentration of brine, a higher concentration shows a tendency to increase but the gaps are insignificant. Reducing sugar content increased significantly as the storage period increased. The hardness increased in all treatment plots up to the 14th day, decreased until day 21, and increased thereafter. Following the sensory evaluation, saltiness was not detected in the plots, and CJ6 showed the highest texture score ($4.46{\pm}1.41$). For overall acceptability, CJ6 showed the highest score ($4.33{\pm}1.13$). According to the above results, salinity content of cucumber Jangachi using Sake cake decrease to 0.69~1.52% in 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% brine by the 28th day. Despite decreasing salinity, texture and overall acceptability scores were higher than the above results. Thus, we conclude that it is possible to produce low salt cucumber Jangachi of high quality using Sake cake instead of high salt one.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.73-84
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• 2010

This study conducted a secondary analysis by using original data of performed by Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs to determine factors affecting doctor's diagnosed disease-related mental health for the elderly aged over 65 years living in Korea. The survey was conducted in 2007 and it evaluated finally 720 cases by excluding cases with no answer or a wrong answer. The results were as follows. The proportion of the elderly who stress cognition was influenced when subjects were female and older, lower subjective health condition and osteoporosis, showed statistically significant difference. The proportion of the elderly who experience depression was influenced when subjects were older, had not health insurance or medical care, and lower subjective health condition, showed statistically significant difference. The proportion of the elderly who have suicide thoughts was influenced when subjects were female and higher educational background, lower subjective health condition, COPD(Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), and diabetes mellitus, showed statistically significant difference. We knew that the relationship between diseases and depression in the elderly influenced on the depression about most of the diseases. Particularly, Depression and suicide had a high correlation. The results suggest that it should be necessary to systematic management of diseases in the depression treatment of the Elderly in Korea.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.358-363
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• 1998

Intravenous lipid emulsion is used extensively as a major component of parenteral nutrition for patients in the surgical intensive care unit. Abnormal cardiovascular function related to lipid infusion has been reported although conflicting results exist. In the present study, we investigated the effects of intravenous emulsions of long-chain triglyceride (LCT) and medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) on myocardial ischemia/ reperfusion injury and on platelet aggregation in rat. There was no difference between LCT and MCT considering the effects on left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and coronary flow rate (CFR) before and after ischemia/reperfusion in isolated rat heart. On the other hand, a difference was found between LCT and MCT with regard to their effects on heart rate (HR) and end diastolic pressure (EDP) after ischemia/reperfusion. After ischemia/reperfusion, HR was significantly (P<0.05) reduced and EDP significantly (P<0.05) inc.eased by LCT (18$\pm$2.0% and 42.8$\pm$8.9%, respectively), but not by MCT Ex vivo platelet aggregation induced by collagen was reduced by LCT infusion, but not by MCT These findings suggest that MCT may have slightly more favorable effect than LCT on the myocardial function after ischemia/reperfusion in rat.