• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.1757-1763
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• 2000

To consider the nutrient removal characteristics of BNR process activating soil microorganisms under the influence of DPB and to clear the characteristics of DPB under anoxic condition was investigated in the this study. The batch tests were conducted using sludge sampled from the BNR process activating soil microorganisms during operation periods. The results of this study were summarized as follows: - The DPB(Denitrifying Phosphorus removing Bacteria) performing denitrification and phosphorus uptake in the anoxic phase plays an important role in removing nitrogen and phosphorus in the BNR process activating soil microorganisms. - The PUR(Phosphorus Uptake Rate) of DPB in the anoxic phase was to be about 50% of PUR in the aerobic phase. - The DPB in the BNR process turned out to be increasing nutrient removal efficiency of BNR process.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2017

The objective of this study was to determine whether inoculation with Bacillus licheniformis MH48 as a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) could promote nutrient uptake of seedlings of the ornamental plant Camellia japonica in the Saemangeum reclaimed coastal land in Korea. B. licheniformis MH48 inoculation increased total nitrogen and phosphorus content in soils by 2.2 and 20.0 fold, respectively, compared to those without bacterial inoculation. In addition, B. licheniformis MH48 produced auxin, which promoted the formation of lateral roots and root hairs, decreased production of growth-inhibiting ethylene, and alleviated salt stress. Total nitrogen and phosphorus uptake of seedlings subjected to bacterial inoculation was 2.3 and 3.6 fold higher, respectively, than the control. However, B. licheniformis MH48 inoculation had no significant effect on the growth of seedlings. Our results suggest that inoculation with B. licheniformis MH48 can be used as a PGPR bio - enhancer to stimulate fine root development, promote nutrient uptake and alleviate salt stress in ornamental plant seedlings grown in the high-salinity conditions of reclaimed coastal land.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 2019

This study was carried out to acquire basic data for a long-term hydroponic culture through investigating water and inorganic ion uptake characteristics at different EC level of nutrient solution of three tomato varieties. Three different tomato varieties, the European type(cv. Daphnis), the Asian type(cv. Super Doterang) and cherry type(cv. Minichal), were used for the investigation. Also, the deep flow technique(DFT) was applied. The three different electrical conductivity(EC) level(1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 dS·m-1) of hydroponic nutrient solution were used as variable. At a high EC level of nutrient solution, the leaf area and fresh weight decreased in the early stage, and its growth(plant height, leaf number, leaf area, fresh-weight) was poor with salt stress. Result showed that the higher the EC level of the nutrient solution, the lesser was water uptake. The water uptake was not significantly different from varieties in the first survey, but In the second survey, the 'Daphnis' did not show a significant decrease in water uptake in the EC level higher than 2.0 dS·m-1., on the other hand, 'Super Doterang' presented very low water uptake. At a low EC level, N, P, and K, were absorbed more than the concentration of the irrigation water, while Ca, Mg, S uptake were low. At a high EC level, almost ions absorbed less than 50% of the initial concentration of irrigation water. Thus, imbalance among ions was severe at low EC level compared to high EC level. 'Daphnis' was a variety that effectively utilize nutrients under nutrient stress, showing high absorption at low concentration condition and low absorption at high concentration condition. However, 'Daphnis' suffered most seriously by absorbing nutrients excessively.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.137-143
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• 2012

Chinese cabbage plant was grown hydroponically for 4 weeks in order to examine the temporal relationship of calcium concentration of the nutrient solution with calcium content in the leaf tissue and susceptibility of the tissue to soft rot disease by $Pectobacterium$ $carotovorum$ ssp. $carotovorum$ (Pcc). Calcium concentration from 0.5 to 32.0 mM was maintained for 1 week using Hoagland & Arnon solution. The calcium content of the leaf was proportionally increased to the concentration of the nutrient in the solution (r = 0.912). In contrast, the severity of soft rot symptom in the young leaves was inversely related with the amount of calcium supplied to the nutrient solution (r = 0.899). Water-soluble chitosan, prepared by hollow fiber filtration (> 100 kDa) was applied into the nutrient solution from 0.0 to 5,000 ppm. The chitosan of 10 ppm was the most effective to promote calcium uptake of the leaf, showing 155% of the control. The same chitosan solution prohibited most soft rot development of the leaf by Pcc, exhibiting only 53% of the control. Among different molecular weight fractions, chitosan fraction obtained from 30-100 kDa molecular weight cut-off promoted calcium uptake the most up to 163% of the control, and reduced the development of soft rot disease recording merely 36% of the control of the leaf tissue. The results obtained in the present study suggest that large scale production of water-soluble chitosan with an optimum molecular weight and its commercial application to Chinese cabbage production will be important to improve yield and quality of the crop.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.34 no.s02
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• pp.1-12
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• 1989

The primary countermeasure for environmental stresses of crops grown in Korea would be to maintain top soil content of available B for upland crops and Si for low land rice in balance with other nutrient elements such as N, P and K, so as to maintain those nutrient balances in plants. Development of standard levels of elements in soils for balances uptake of those elements by plants are needed under the multi nutrient factor balance concept using the soil test results.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.110-116
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• 2001

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of amount of nitrogen application with the barley straw application on the changes in soil physical and chemical properties. nutrient uptake and percentage recovery of chemical fertilizer N in the rice plant from 1997 to 1998. The soil physical properties, such as bulk density, hardness, porosity and gaseous phase were improved by barley straw application. There was also improvement or increment in the soil chemical properties, such as pH, organic matter, T-C. T-N, available $SiO_2$, exchangeable K and cation exchange capacity, but decrease in available $P_2O_5$. The $Fe^{+{+}}$ content in soil after barley straw application was high from tillering stage to panicle forming stage, but becoming lowered toward the heading stage, while $Mn^{+{+}}$ content was increased. N uptake with barley straw application was increased in the N $126kg\;ha^{-1}$ plot, but decreased in the N $141kg\;ha^{-1}$ plot. The uptake of fertilized N was continued longer in barley straw application than none-application plot. Percentage recovery of chemical fertilizer N in rice straw was around 1% at tillering stage, but was highly increasing till maximum tillering stage, while the recovery was generally low in barley straw application. Meanwhile, fertilizer P uptake in barley straw application was high, but potassium uptake was low at all different levels of N application.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.616-623
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• 2010

Plant samples from 49 sites for Chinese cabbage, 28 sites for radish, 16 sites for cabbage, 8 sites for head lettuce, 20 sites for onion from farmers' and experimental fields in highland of Korea were collected and analyzed to find out the uptake patterns of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) by altitude. Dry weight and uptake of N, P and K were increased at higher altitude in most vegetable crops. Nutrition uptake by Chinese cabbage was 163 ~ 283 kg $ha^{-1}$ for N, 42 ~ 69 kg $ha^{-1}$ for $P_2O_5$ and 146 ~ 270 kg $ha^{-1}$ for $K_2O$ according to altitude. Nutrient uptake by radish according to altitude was 153~159 kg $ha^{-1}$ for N, 38 ~ 46 kg $ha^{-1}$ for $P_2O_5$, and 151 ~ 185 kg $ha^{-1}$ for $K_2O$. In case of cabbage, the plant uptakes of N, P, and K were increased at altitudes of 600 ~ 1,000 m. Nutrient uptake of cabbage was 280 ~ 348 kg $ha^{-1}$ for N, 34 ~ 87 kg $ha^{-1}$ for $P_2O_5$, and 209 ~ 290 kg $ha^{-1}$ for $K_2O$ according to altitude. Uptakes of N-$P_2O_5-K_2O$ by head lettuce at an altitude of 800 ~ 850 m were 93-26-126 kg $ha^{-1}$, respectively. Uptakes of N-$P_2O_5-K_2O$ by onions at an altitude of 600 ~ 800 m were 313-140-234 kg $ha^{-1}$, respectively, but there was no tendency in nutrition uptake patterns by altitude. Small cultivation areas used for leaf vegetable crops do not have fertilizer recommendation standards in alpine regions. It might be preferable to use a correction factor equivalent to the index of available nutrient uptake for the determination of N, P and K fertilizer application rates.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.95-101
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• 2007

We investigated the growth and phosphate uptake of a toxic dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium catenatum, isolated from Yeosuhae Bay, South Korea. A short-term phosphate uptake experiment revealed that its maximum uptake and the half-saturation constant were 1.39 pmol/cell/hr and $2.65{\mu}M$, respectively. In a semicontinuous culture, the maximum specific growth rate and minimum phosphorus cell quota of G. catenatum were 0.39/day and 1.27 pmol/cell, respectively. Thus, G. catenatum is a poor competitor in terms of inorganic nutrient use and is unlikely to form blooms in Yeosuhae Bay.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.973-979
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• 2010

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of electrical conductivity (EC) of nutrient solution on the growth, nutrient uptake of potted kalanchoe plants ($Kalanchoe$ $blossfeldiana$ 'New Alter') and the nutrient accumulation at the growing media with growth stage in ebb and flow subirrigation systems. Significant differences in leaf area, plant height, and dry weight of the plants were found among the different ECs of nutrient solution of 0.8, 1.6, 2.4, and $3.2dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. Particularly the difference in plant growth became significantly greater from 5 weeks after treatment. The overall growth was the highest at EC $1.6dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. Leaf area, plant height, and dry weight were maintained higher when EC increased to $2.4dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, but rapidly decreased after EC $3.2dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. The uptake of NO3-N was the greatest while that of $Mg^{2+}$ was the lowest at EC $1.6dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, even though small differences were found among macro elements. The EC at the top layer of the growing media was 1 to 3 times higher than that at the bottom layer. Nutrient accumulation was accelerated in both the top and bottom layers with growth stage. At EC $3.2dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, the growth of the plants was suppressed due to higher nutrient accumulation at the growing media. From the results, the strength and composition of nutrient solution should be determined by considering nutrient accumulation at the growing media in addition to EC of nutrient solution in ebb and flow subirrigation systems.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.133-140
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• 2001

This study was conducted to develop a nutrient uptake model in cucumnber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Eunsung Backdadagi) plants for prediction of the amount of nutrients in drainage solution in a closed perlite culture system. Electrical conductivity (EC) of the nutrient solution was adjusted to 1.5, 1.8, 2.1, 2.4, and 2.7 dS. $m^{-1}$ . The amount of nutrient solution absorbed in different EC treatments was not different until the mid stage of growth. However, after the mid growth stage, a high EC treatment resulted in less solution absorption. The absorption rates of K, N $O_3$$^{[-10]}$ -N, Mg, and P increased continuously for a whole growing period in all treatments, while those of Ca decreased slightly. For S, the decrease was significant after th mid stage of growth. although the amounts of absorbed inorganic ions in different EC treatments were not significantly different at the first stage of growth, they were significantly different after the mid stage of growth and decreased slightly at the end of growth stage. Models for predicting the amounts of each inorganic ion absorbed were developed by using EC and the amount of nutrient solution absorbed per unit radiation(mg.M $J^{-1}$), which proved to be practical with a positive correlation at 1 percent probability between the developed model and practical values..