• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2010

As the importance of health and school health grows, the purposes of this research are to investigate the differences between the characteristics and the utilization of the nurse's office of an elementary school in an urban area and the nurse's office of an elementary school in a rural area, and to provide the data for the planning of construction of a nurse's office convenient for students to use after grasping the regional characteristics. The methods of this research include the interview and the survey conducted to the heath teachers after visiting 20 nurse's offices in 13 eups and myeons, and examined and analyzed the differences between the characteristics and the utilization of the nurse's office of elementary schools in an urban area and the nurse's office of an elementary school. The nurse's offices of the elementary schools in Cheongwon, a rural area, are worse in access to health care institutions and in the connection to the placement than those of the elementary schools in urban areas, so most of eups and myeons were not allowed for easy access to medical service. Depending on the bad personal surroundings of each elementary student, mental stress and the lack of heal care of each student should be taken care of along with the educating of the parents and the children. Also because of the difficulties in access to the health care institutions, it is suggested that a lot of support and interest should be provided for the nurse's offices and that a lot of changes with functions should occur to the nurse's offices so that the nurse's office of an elementary school can play the role as a local health care institution. Besides, the health teachers also should be able to provide more professional medical services by taking in-service training courses.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.163-180
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• 1978

Much of a person's energy is spent in the effort of becoming a productive member of to-day's complex society. This activity may cause tension, and chronic unrelieved tension is an influential factor in blood pressure elevation. The problem of this study was to identify manifest needs and self-actualization of patients with essential hypertension, and to analyse and compare their manifest needs and selt-actualization with the selected general characteristics of We, sex, religion, occupation and level of education with a control group of patients with normal blood pressure readings. The purpose was to contribute to the planning of nursing interventions toward reducing the impact of complex psycho-somatic factors on the anxiety of patients with essential hypertension. The instruments used included selected items from the Edwards (1959) Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS) as adapted by Hwang (1965) and from the Personal Orientation Inventory (POI) (Shostrom 1964, 1974) adapted by Kim and Lee (1977) to measure manifest needs and self-actualization. The convenience sample was chosen from 149 persons who presented themselves for general physical examinations at Ewha University Medical Centre and 41 patients diagnosed with essential hypertension at three general hospitals in Seoul during June 1 and August 31, 1977. Forty-nine persons from the Ewha group with blood-pressure readings exceeding 150/90 were added to the experimental group. Data were analysed by the S.P.S.S. computer programme using t-test and tests for statistical significance. Statistically significant findings were as follows: A. Blood Pressure and Manifest Needs. 1. with the exception of Autonomy, patients with hypertension had significantly high scores on all variables Abasement, Achievement, Affiliation, Aggression, Dominance, Emotionality, Exhibitionism and Sex. 2. When mean scores of normal persons were compared by age groups, normal persons had higher scores in the following order on Abasement (50's, 40's, 20's, 30's), Achievement (50's, 30's, 40's, 20's), Affiliation (50's, 40's, 30's, 20's), Dominance (50's, 40's, 40's, 20's) and Exhibitionism (30's, 50's, 40's, 20's). In each case, there was a significant difference between the first and last age group scores. 3. When the mean scores of normal persons were compared by sex, normal men had higher scores than women on Achievement, Affiliation, Aggression, Dominance, Exhibitionism and Sex. Male patients had higher scores than female patients on Achievement, Dominance, Exhibitionism and Sex, but female patients scored higher in Emotionality. 4. Normal persons had higher scores related to religion in the following order on Achievement (Buddhism, no religion, Christianity). Hyper tensive patients had higher scores on. Exhibitionism (no religion, Christianity, Buddhism). 5. Normal persons had higher scores related to occupation in the following order on Achievement and Exhibitionism (unemployed, office workers, teachless, businessmen), Emotionality (office workers, unemployed, businessmen, teacher) and Sex (office workers, unemployed, teachers, businessmen). Hypertensive patients had higher scores on Achievement and Aggression (teachers, businessmen, office worker, unemployed), Dominance and Exhibitionism (businessmen, teacher, of ace workers, unemployed) and Sex (teachers, office worker, businessmen, unemployed). 6. Normal persons had higher scores related to level of edification in the following order on Abasement, Emotionality and Autonomy (secondary school graduation, university). Hypertensive patients had higher scores on Abasement (no education, primary, university, secondary), Achievement (no education, secondary, university, primary) , Dominance (university, no education, secondary, primary), Exhibitionism (university, secondary, no education, primary), and Sex (university, secondary, primary, no education). B. Blood Pressure and Self_Actualization 1, Patients with hypertension had significantly lower scores on all variables. 2. Normal persons had higher scores related to age groups in the following order on Existentiality (20's, 30's, 40's, 50's). Hypertensive patients showed no significantly different scores. 3. Normal women had higher scores than men on Time Competence. Normal men had higher scores on Feeling Reactivity. Male patients had higher scores than women on Self-Actualizing Value and Self-Regard. 4. Normal persons ha 1 higher scores related to religion on spontaneity (Buddhism, no religion, Christianity). Hypertensive patients had higher scores on Time Competence and Nature of Man (Buddhism, Christianity, no religion). 5. Normal persons had higher scores related to occupation in the following order on Existentiality (teachers, office workers, businessmen, unemployed) and Self-Regard (unemployed, office workers, teachers, businessmen). Hypertensive patients showed no significantly different scores. 6. Normal persons had higher scores related to level of education in the following order on Existentiality and Self-Acceptance (university, secondary). Hypertensive patients had higher scores on inner-Director (university, secondary, no education, primary) and Existentiality (university, secondary, primary, no education). Recommendations for nursing interventions with hypertensive patients with emotional problems or low self-actualization were made. 1. The nurse should encourage the patient through her interactions with other members of the medical team to accept counselling and health education. 2. Through her therapeutic interpersonal relationships with the patient, the nurse should help him discover the causes of his emotional tension. 3. Through her health teaching with the family, the nurse should encourage them to participate with the medical team in the patient's therapeutic plan and in providing him with the minimum possible emotional support. 4. Through frequent counselling with the obsessive-thinking and inflexible patient, the nurse should reevaluate the patient's behaviour and her interventions. 5. Seriously ill patients should be given needed reeducation by members of the professional medical team.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.231-241
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of nurse's internal marketing on job satisfaction, turnover intention, and customer orientation. Method: The subjects were 559 nurses were working in 3 general hospitals. The data were collected from October 20 to November 15, 2006. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, stepwise multiple regression were used. Results: The mean score of the total internal marketing was 2.68, communication 3.03, vacation and suspension from office 2.64, education and training 2.60, reward system 2.56, work environment 2.53, and employment benefits 2.38, total job satisfaction was 2.96, turnover intention was 3.10, and customer orientation was 3.76. 'Internal marketing', and total subcategories of internal marketing were positively related to job satisfaction. 'Internal marketing', and total subcategories of internal marketing were negatively related to turnover intention. 'Internal marketing', 'communication', 'vacation and suspension from office', 'education and training', and 'work environment' were positively related to customer orientation. Conclusion: Through this results, to increase job satisfaction and customer orientation and to decrease turnover intention, it is necessary to concentrate on improving internal communication and reward system in the internal marketing strategy.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.53-59
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• 2015

In this paper, we developed a Hospital Information System in which the business process is formalized and a wire/wireless integrated solution is used. This system consists of the administration office program, the medical office program, the ward management program and the rounds management program. The administration office program can enroll and accept patients, issue and reissue the RFID card. The medical office program inputs a medical examination and treatment, outputs a diagnosis, requests a hospitalization, retrieves the record of a medical examination and treatment, assigns the corresponding examination room to the accepted patients, and updates the number of an waiting patient and a patient number according to the examination room on real time. The ward management program handles hospitalizations and leaving hospital, a nurse's note, and an isolation ward monitoring. The rounds management program handles a medical examination and treatment, and a leaving hospital using PDA. This developed system can be built at low cost and increase the quality of the medical services highly by making it automated the medical administration automation. Also the small number of the medical staffs can manage the inpatients efficiently by using the monitoring functions.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.97-110
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• 2001

An image exists in the thought of every subjective person and it exercises its influence over everything, having a great power in the real world. An positive image of the nurse has an influence on her faith, value and confidence, therefore increasing her job satisfaction, helping to upgrade her level of profession of nursing through qualitative nursing service as a result, considering the necessity of such an image when it comes to improvement of the profession, the confirmation of the image is indispensable to its evaluation of a speciality in nursing. This study is intended to help that improvement of the nursing profession in the present so that the total effort in every field of nursing is made and to offer basic material for developing a strategy to improve the image of nurses. This study is designed to investigate such an image descriptively. The subjects include 105 nurses, 60 doctors, 68 office workers, 88 medical engineers, 127 patients and there protectors with a total of 448 adapted with accidental sampling, who work at Y and W general hospital in Chonju. The measuring instrument consists of 40 question, with the researcher amended and made from on of Inja Song(1993), Donsoon Lee(1995), Ilsim yang(1998), and its Cronbach's alpha coefficient is .95. Data were collected from March 1 2000 to March 20, 2000 using self-reported questionnairs, analyzed with SPSS WIN 7.5 after encoding. The results are as follows: 1. Most of the subjects thinks the nursing as a hard, stressful, always busy job(more than 75%), and consider nurses as good-looking, supportive and responsible to co-workers to above average degree($50.0{\sim}74.9%$), especially it shows the idea that nursing is independently academic job and has come to fasten itself upon the public. But it shows below the everage($25.0%{\sim}49.9%$) in regard to self development as a specialist, affection for there job, an association activity, service to the community, high intelligence level and direct given patient nursing service. It also rated low as a recommendable job, independently nursing accomplishment, social position. 2. The nurses, patients and there protectors expressed more positive opinions than doctors, medical engineers, office workers about the image of the nurse(F=18.80, p=.00). This fact indicates that the former group evaluated the image similarly contrary to lowness of the latter. 3. In the study on what influenced upon the image, it defines to 79.8% by direct contact in the hospital or acquaintance with nurses, and 16.3% by mass media. 67.3% answered that they saw the image in a new light through hospitalization, which suggests an important source for the image management originates from caring for the quality of nursing service. Considering the evaluation of the image above, we need strategies to lead a unique professional knowledge and technological development, insurance of professional self-determination, high social position, participation in group activities, dedication to lifetime job, in order that nursing comes to expand as a professional occupation. Also, as for generating more positive images, we must take the quality of nursing service into account and offer and monitor correct information about the expanded role and function of the nurse continuously so that mass media reflect a more accurate image of nurses in general.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.5-13
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was done to describe utilization status of emergency medical service for children at one university affiliated hospital located in Seoul. Data were obtained from the medical records of patients under 13 years of age who visited the ER from January 1 to December 31, 2006. Method: Medical records missing the time of discharge were excluded in the analysis of waiting time, which resulted in 19,766 cases. Data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 14.0 version. Result: There were slightly more boys (58.4%), average age of the children was 3.97 years of age. More children at the aged 1 to 3 years (51.3%) visited the ER. Fever was the most frequent complaint: 5,180 cases (24.38%). The other complaints were head or facial laceration (10.55%), vomiting (9.63%), abdominal pain (8.06%), cough (7.67%), and painful limb swelling (6.34%). Average waiting time before the first medical examination was 17 minutes, and average ER stay time was 3 hours and 23 minutes. Conclusion: The results suggest the need to assign a nurse specialist for pediatric ER to provide more efficient care for the children. Also, extra staff assignment during the evening shift or extending office hours of local pediatricians should be considered.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.96-108
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• 1994

Background: An appropriate use of hospital beds can improve productivity of hospital significantly. The authors' previous study revealed that approximately one third of Korean hospital bed days and one sixth of admissions were inappropriately used, when it was measured by Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol(AEP) and Delay Tool modified into Korean situation by the authors. This study aims to evaluate applicability of the instruments in a new hospital. More specifically the study aims to measure appropriateness of the instruments used by newly trained nurse reviewers at a new hospital setting. Methods: In order to evaluate applicability of these instruments, agreement rates of the scores recorded by newly trained nurse reviewers with by skilled nurse reviewer and also compared with the scores recorded by physician's implicit decision were assessed. Agreement rates were derived from concurrent application of AEP and Delay Tool to 52 admissions and 104 patient days from internal medicine, pediatrics, and general surgery of one university hospital. Overall agreement rate, specific nonacute agreement rate, and kappa statistics were used to indicate level of agreement. Results: Overall agreement rates on appropriateness between newly trained nurse reviewers and skilled nurse reviewer were 100% in admission and 98% in bed days. Overall agreement rates on reason for inappropriateness between newly trained nurse reviewers and skilled nurse reviewer were 96% in admission and 91% in bed days. Overall agreement rates between newly trained nurse reviewers and physician reviewer were 86% in admission and 87% in bed days. Conclusion: Results indicated that AEP and Delay Tool were applicable to a new hospital in detecting inappropriate utilization of beds and reasoning of the inappropriateness. These instruments could contribute to enhance efficiency of hospital use, through continuous monitoring of level of inappropriate hospital use at national or individual hospital level.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.57-71
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to provide primary data for policy alternatives by identifying the problem of the nursing workforce shortage. Methods: For quantitative data, 446 questionnaires were analyzed. The mean and standard deviation were used for content description. ANOVA analysis and Scheffe? test were used to compare the differences according to the hospital level. For qualitative data, 1:1 in-depth and group interviews were conducted for six participants. Results: The factors nurses prioritized when choosing a workplace were salary, commuting distance, and work-life balance. Clinical nurses cited low wages, heavy workloads, and burnout as the most considerable difficulties in performing their duties. Factors influencing nurse's turnover intention were low wages, unmanageable workload, and rotation to unwanted departments in that order. New nurses tend not to apply to small-medium-sized hospitals, experienced nurses in their 30s-40s leave hospitals due to childcare and shift work difficulties, and nurses in their 50s and older tend to move to nursing homes rather than acute hospital settings. Conclusion: In this study, wage and workload were mentioned as the most critical factors in nurses' workplace selection, job performance difficulties, and turnover intention, so it is necessary to pay attention to this aspect when improving treatment for nurses.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.263-269
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• 2007

To investigate the actual conditions management of infectious prevention in dental office, questionnaire about infection control and education of infection control was performed on 50 dentists, 176 dental hygienists, 100 aide nurses who are working in Deagu City from march to April, 2007. The results are as the following. Dentists are the highest on the health inspection's ratio, dental hygienists are the highest on vaccination's ratio. Experience ratio about education of infection control is the highest on dentist and the lowest on aide nurses(p < 0.05). Dental hygienists are higher than dentists and aide nurses on ratio of wearing protective gear(p < 0.05). Dentists have the highest ratio on washing hands after treat(p < 0.05). Practice of instrument's sterilization is higher in dental hygienist than other groups. Disinfection of equipment's surface practice mainly on bracket table, dental hygienist's ratio is the highest among the three groups.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.155-167
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• 2002

This study was carried out to grasp visiting nurses' perception of the service referral between health and welfare with a view to providing the basic data for the visiting nursing activities. A questionnaire survey was conducted on public health nurses in 25 health centers in Seoul from Feb. 12, 2001 to Mar. 15, 2001. A total of 151 questionnaires were collected and they were analysed by use of SPSS/WIN 7.5. The results of the survey are as follows. 1. In general, visiting nurses were burdened with heavy workloads. On average, a visiting nurse covered 5 ‘dong's(the smallest administrative unit), 564 households, and 1223 persons. They spent almost a quarter of their working hours moving from home to home and recording the charts after home visiting. They took 30-60 minutes to provide their services when visiting homes. As for the frequency of home visiting, they were following the instructions recommended by the government. However, their services were still wasteful, not skill-oriented, in that they spent more time assessing ‘subjects’ rather than providing their ‘services’ for them. 2. As for the degree of service performance, visiting nurses scored average 2.94 and 2.28 on the four-point scale in the area of health and welfare respectively. The Pearson coefficient between the two variables was high(.56). According as the health services increased, the welfare services increased as well, which showed that the service referral between the two areas should be essential. 3. ‘The necessity of cooperation with social welfare staff’ scored average 4.49, and ‘the degree of cooperation with social welfare staff’ scored average 3.16 on the five-point scale; There was a statistically significant difference (average 1.33) between the two variables. Such a big difference between perception and practice results from the lack of political support that connects the two service areas comprehensively. Therefore it is recommendable to establish a so-called ‘Visiting Nursing Center’ in the ‘dong’ office in order to provide integrated services of health and welfare at once in cooperation with social welfare staff. That's the way to meet the public needs directly and it's more efficient as well in terms of cost-saving.