• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.285-298
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• 2012

Considerable number of women are enjoying swimming, however, the chest-region of swimsuits including cup inserts are not stable during swimming. The purpose of this study was to explore alternate designs and methods of stabilizing the breast cup to the swimmer's body by using 3D technology to design and position the pad and cup pattern of the swimming suit. To position the pad optimally, a 3D pattern of a nude woman was divided into blocks and different reduction rates were applied to blocks around the outlines of the breast. Two types of 3D patterns were developed. The first, referred to as the 'basic 3D pattern' provided for the curved surface of the breast point to be maintained with the remaining slack distributed evenly along the neckline, armhole and side seam. The second, referred to as the '1/3 shoulder moved 3D pattern' ignored the curved nature of the breast point by overlapping, with the resulting position of the shoulder strip moved toward the center. Three women of corresponding size and body shape evaluated the two 3D pattern designs as well as the conventional 2D pattern style of swimsuit. Respondents rated the'the basic 3D pattern' design highest in terms of stability and easy of movement in the chest region.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.480-487
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• 2019

This study used 3D technology to develop a multi-functional sports brassiere with increased comfort and fit that can be worn as a base layer during exercise or as underwear. A 75A size industrial lingerie figure was used to develop a standard pattern. 3D tools for scanning and pattern making, such as Vivid 910, Geomagic Design X, 2C-AN and Yuka CAD were used. The sports brassiere was designed as a tank top style with dual structure and linings attached to a pad utilized with a sport brassiere mold cup. 3D outer and lining's pattern was differently developed in consideration of the body's curvature with pad's shape and structure. Shoulder and neck part reduction rates were adjusted to increase the neck areas fit that considered the nude pattern's structure due to uncomfortableness felt by wearers who were uncomfortable with the neck areas fit on existing brand products. The reduction rate was also set differently on each part. For example, the reduction rate on outer side panel was set strongly to increase the breast's volume. Two products, developed by a 3D sports brassiere and previously released product, were worn on 8 subjects in their 20's to evaluate fit, comfort, and purchase preferences. The evaluation proved that newly developed 3D products were superior to comparative products. The results of the clothing pressure measurement indicate that the newly developed sports brassiere's front part had less pressure on upper bust and shoulder areas compared to comparative products as well as showed less pressure on the back side, which shows improved wearing comfort compared to comparative products.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제34권11호
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• pp.1824-1835
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• 2010

This study develops tight-fitting torso patterns for performance garments by taking into account the skin deformation generated directly from a 3D scan during arm movements. The skin deformation caused during the arm movements was scanned after scanning the skin surface stamped with a circle. To create a torso pattern in response to skin deformation, the ratio and direction of the skin deformation were first measured and analyzed so that the 3D human body could be segmented. After translating, the 3D skin surface was segmented into 2D flat patterns, designing nude patterns and reducing them as well as tight-fitting shirts: the skin deformation segment shirts were made in response to the skin deformation. The features of the fabric deformation and the garment pressure were analyzed and evaluated. In comparison with a clothing construction segment shirt, the diameter of the skin deformation segment shirt was smaller as well the ratios of extension and reduction was less. The garment pressure of the skin deformation segment shirt was higher. The skin deformation segment shirt fitted more tightly compared to a clothing construction segment shirt as it covered the body more thoroughly and was as comfortable as the other shirts with less fabric deformation made as the body moved.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2003

The 3D measurement data expected be useful to give appropriate garment fit and development of MTM(Made-to-Measure) CAD software. The researcher surveyed the need and use of national anthropometric data of the apparel industry. 17 Korean apparel manufacturers participated in the study. The need of anthropometric data at 5 different apparel business sectors was measured: men's suit, women's dress, casual-wear, underwear, and active sportswear. The result of the survey shows that height and bust, waist, hip circumferences are needed by all of the business sectors. The body measurements at the scye and upper arm area were need most by the men's suit manufacturers. The women's foundation garment manufacturers were well prepared for the use of the 3D body scan data and they expected the potential benefits of 3D body scan data would be great. The researcher also conducted a case study and found a pro and con of the using 3D body scan data for apparel product developing process. In the current stage of technical advance, a reasonable method was required to get nude like scan data for the women's foundation garment manufacturer. The researcher concluded that the apparel designer could use the 3D scan data for developing tremendous style garment design and pattern making.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.271-286
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• 2015

This study presented functional designs for development of functional compression wear for men in their forties based on body muscles as well as designed 2D patterns using 3D standard body form data of men in their forties. Patterns with an optimal stretch rate were proposed through a comfort evaluation. Different material was used for different areas such as the sports ability strengthening areas including body parts that often move for sports (such as the shoulders, abdomen and lower arm), areas that require ventilation for perspiration (such as the chest and back center, and armpits), and stable form areas (such as the chest, waist and elbows). The front and back surface areas of the developed pattern was an average 102.4% size compared to the body surface area. The results indicated that the 90% reduction pattern showed changes in pressure value according to area of movement, had the best breathability when worn, and had the best, most comfortable fit compared to the other subjects. The clothing pressure values of the pattern were around 22.1-23.4mmHg for the arm area (which has a big movement range and has many muscles) and 10.4-11.8mmHg for chest and abdomen areas related to major organs and breathing, indicating appropriate clothing pressure. A compression wear top pattern with pressure appropriate to the target age range and excellent appropriateness for the body form will be developed for men in their forties. A study method will be proposed to develop design technology for ergonomic compression wear tops with excellent fit and comfort.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.716-723
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the change in blood velocity(mm/sec) when compression and/or heat were applied to the knee joint for the elderly who has both normal and painful legs with osteoarthritis(OA). Experimental compression knee band was prepared from the 3D knee data of the average women in 60's. 3D replica of knee was reduced by 7, 10, and 13% from the nude pattern in course direction. Clothing pressure was measured at the front and back of each healthy and painful knee of elderly women for one minute while standing and sitting on the chair. Blood velocity was measured at 13 cm upper from the mid-patella for 15 minutes. Results are as follows: first, compression or heating treatment itself did not change blood velocity of both legs; second, combination treatment with heating and compression was effective to increase blood velocity. In details, for healthy legs, combination treatments with compression by 10% reduced pattern(about 1.3kPa) and heating($43^{\circ}C$) induced the maximal blood velocity, however, for knees with OA, 7% reduced pattern(about 1.0kPa) with simultaneous heating($43^{\circ}C$) was more effective than other cases. These results indicated that pain and spasticity of knee joint with OA could be reduced by applying heat and compression therapy, where the compression level of painful knee should be slightly lower than of healthy leg.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.218-227
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• 2009

목 적: 전립샘암 세포주 DU 145에서 엑스선과 중성자선에 의한 HIF-$1\alpha$와 아포프토시스 발현의 차이를 비교함으로써 엑스선과 중성자선의 방사선생물학적 차이의 기전을 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 누드 마우스에 DU 145 전립샘암 세포주를 주입한 후 2 Gy 엑스선, 10 Gy 엑스선, 0.6 Gy 중성자선, 3.3 Gy 중성자선을 각각 조사했다. 엑스선을 조사한 군과 중성자선을 조사한 군에서 HIF-$1\alpha$, Bcl-2, Bax, 아포프토시스 발현 정도를 면역조직화학 염색과 western blotting을 이용하여 비교하였다. 아포토시스의 정도는 terminal deoxynucleotidyl biotin-dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) 염색을 이용하여 비교하였다. 결 과: 방사선 조사 1일째, X선을 조사한 군과 비교했을 때, 중성자선을 조사한 군에서 HIF-$1\alpha$와 Bcl-2의 발현은 감소하였고, Bax와 아포프토시스 세포의 수는 증가하였다. Bcl-2/Bax 비는 중성자선을 조사한 군에서 의미 있게 감소하였다. 이러한 HIF-$1\alpha$, Bcl-2, Bax, Bcl-2/Bax 비, 아포프토시스 발현의 차이는 방사선 조사 5일째에도 동일하게 유지되어 나타났다. 또한, HIF-$1\alpha$ 발현은 방사선 조사 5일째 Bcl-2 (p=0.031), Bax (p=0.037), TUNEL (p=0.016) 발현과 연관성을 보였다. 결 론: 중성자선 조사한 경우 엑스선에 비해 HIF-$1\alpha$와 Bcl-2 발현, Bcl-2/Bax 비가 감소하고, Bax 발현은 증가하였다. 중성자선 치료의 광자선과 다른 방사선생물학적인 반응은 HIF-$1\alpha$와 그로 인한 아포프토시스 관련 단백질 발현의 차이와 연관성이 있을 것으로 생각한다.