• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.626-630
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• 2019

After several significant nuclear accidents, public attitudes toward nuclear energy technologies and facilities are considered to be one of the essential factors in the national energy and electricity policy-making process of several nations that employ nuclear energy as their key energy resource. However, it is difficult to explore and capture such an attitude, because the majority of prior studies analyzed public attitudes with a limited number of respondents and fragmentary opinion polls. In order to supplement this point, this study suggests a big data analyzing method with K-LIWC (Korean-Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count), sentiment and query analysis methods, and investigates public attitudes, positive and negative emotional statements about nuclear energy with the collected data sets of well-known social media and network services in Korea over time. Results show that several events and accidents related to nuclear energy have consistent or temporary effects on the attitude and ratios of the statements, depending on the kind of events and accidents. The presented methodology and the use of big data in relation to the energy industry is suggested as it can be helpful in addressing and exploring public attitudes. Based on the results, implications, limitations, and future research areas are presented.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.1312-1320
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• 2022

The earlier studies have analyzed theoretical links between nuclear energy and carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions concerning territorial (or production-based) emissions. Here using the latest available dataset, this study explores the impacts of nuclear energy on production-based and consumption-based CO₂ emission in the era of globalization for the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. The Driscoll-Kraay regression method reveals that nuclear energy is beneficial for the reduction of production-based CO₂ emissions. However, it is revealed that nuclear energy does not reduce consumption-based CO₂ emissions that are traded internationally and hence not comprised in conventional production-based emissions (territory) inventories. Globalization tends to reduce both production-based and demand-based carbon emissions. Finally, Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) is validated for both kinds of CO₂ emissions. The findings may deliver practical policy implications related to nuclear energy and CO₂ emissions for selected countries.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권7호
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• pp.2591-2603
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• 2023

Simulating the Corrosion-Related Unidentified Deposit (CRUD) on the surface of fuel assemblies is necessary to predict the axial offset anomaly and the localized corrosion induced by the CRUD during the operation of nuclear power plants. A new CRUD model was developed to predict the formation of the CRUD deposits, considering the deposition and erosion mechanisms. The heat transfer and capillary flow within the CRUD were also considered to evaluate the boiling amount within the CRUD layer. This model predicted a CRUD deposit thickness of 44 ㎛ during a one-cycle operation of the Seabrook nuclear power plant. The CRUD deposition tended to accelerate and decelerate during the simulation, by being related to boiling mechanism on the deposits surface. Additionally, during a three-cycle operation corresponding to the refueling period, the CRUD deposition was saturated at a thickness of 80 ㎛, which was in good agreement with the suggested thickness for CRUD buildupin pressurized water reactors. Surface boiling on the thin CRUD deposits enhanced the acceleration of the deposition, even when the wick boiling properties were not favorable for CRUD deposition. To ensure the certainty of the simulation results, sensitivity analyses were conducted for the porosity, chimney density, and the constants employed in the proposed model of the CRUD.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.263-275
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• 2016

Objective: This paper introduces the regulatory oversight approaches and issues to consider in the course of safety culture oversight model development in the nuclear field. Common understanding on regulatory oversight and present practices of international communities are briefly reviewed. The nuclear safety culture oversight model of Korea is explained focusing on the development of safety culture definition and components, and their basic meanings. Oversight components are identified to represent the multiple human and organizational elements which can affect and reinforce elements of defense in depth system for nuclear safety. Result of validation study on safety culture components is briefly introduced too. Finally, the results of the application of the model are presented to show its effectiveness and feasibility. Background: The oversight of nuclear licensee's safety culture has been an important regulatory issue in the international community of nuclear safety regulation. Concurrent with the significant events that started to occur in the early 2000s and that had implications about safety culture of the operating organizations, it has been natural for regulators to pay attention to appropriate methods and even philosophy for intervening the licensee's safety culture. Although safety culture has been emphasized for last 30 years as a prerequisite to ensure high level of nuclear safety, it has not been of regulatory scope and has a unique dilemma between external oversight and the voluntary nature of culture. Safety culture oversight is a new regulatory challenge that needs to be approached taking into consideration of the uncontrollable aspects of cultural changes and the impacts on licensee's safety culture. Although researchers and industrial practitioners still struggle with measuring, evaluating, managing and changing safety culture, it was recognized that efforts to observe and influence licensees' safety culture should not be delayed. Method: Safety culture components which regulatory oversight will have to focus on are developed by benchmarking the concept of physical barriers and introducing the defense in depth philosophy into organizational system. Therefore, this paper begins with review of international regulatory oversight approaches and issues associated with the regulatory oversight of safety culture, followed by the development of oversight model. The validity of the model was verified by statistical analysis with the survey result obtained from survey administration to NPP employees in Korea. The developed safety culture oversight model and components were used in the "safety culture inspection" activities of the Korean regulatory body. Results: The developed safety culture model was confirmed to be valid in terms of content, construct and criterion validity. And the actual applicability in the nuclear operating organization was verified after series of pilot "safety culture inspection" activities. Conclusion: The application of the nuclear safety culture oversight model to operating organization of NPPs showed promising results for regulatory tools required for the organizations to improve their safety culture. Application: The developed oversight model and components might be used in the inspection activities and regulatory oversight of NPP operating organization's safety culture.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.63-66
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• 2005

In 2000, the EU set up an energy policy related renewables use for electricity demand up to $22\%$ on the purpose of preventing energy exhaustion and world climate exchange. Technology development and energy production policy on coal, oil and natural gas focus on how to minimize their environmental effects since the world energy system will continue to be dominated by fossil fuels with almost $90\%$ of total energy supply in 2030. In the long run, the EU drives expansion policy of the renewable energy. If related policies and programs will show successful operation in the near future and will be resulted in increase of budget, we could expect the possibility of expansion of renewable energy market in Korea in the future.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.183-191
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• 2013

We address the power generation mix problem that considers not only nuclear and fossil fuels such as oil, coal and LNG but also renewable energy technologies. Unlike nuclear or other generation technologies, the expansion plan of renewable energy is highly uncertain because of its dependency on the government policy and uncertainty associated with technology improvements. To address this issue, we conduct a delphi survey and forecast the capacity of renewable energy. We further propose a stochastic mixed integer programming model that determines an optimal capacity expansion and the amount of power generation using each generation technology. Using the proposed model, we test eight generation mix scenarios and particularly evaluate how much the expansion of renewable energy contributes to the total costs for power generation in Korea. The evaluation results show that the use of renewable energy incurs additional costs.

• Journal of Public Diplomacy
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.43-63
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• 2023

목적: 핵·원자력 분야는 전통적으로 정무외교·경제외교 영역에 속했다. 핵확산 문제는 사안의 중대성과 국제안보에 미치는 심각성, 강대국과 비확산레짐의 영향력 등을 고려했을 때 당연히 국가 간 해결해야 할 문제였고, 원자력 에너지 산업도 예산과 인력, 사업의 규모 등을 고려했을 때 경제적 관점에서 접근했던 것이다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 기존의 관점에서 탈피하여 공공외교가 핵·원자력이라는 새로운 영역으로 확장될 수 있는지 그 가능성을 살펴보는 것이다. 방법: 이를 위해 핵·원자력 분야에서 한국의 위치가 가지는 특수성을 살펴보고 공공외교의 특성과 비교하여 상호 중첩되는 영역이 있는지 분석한다. 결과: 핵·원자력 이슈에 관한 한국의 특수성, 공공외교와의 중첩 등을 고려했을 때 해당 분야에 대한 공공외교의 영역 확장과 역할 확대는 가능할 것으로 보인다. 특히, 국가의 주도적 역할이 필요하다는 점과 한국의 안보 및 경제 구조를 고려했을 때 지속적인 정책적 수요가 있다는 점에서 그러하다. 실제로 카이스트 핵비확산교육연구센터(KAIST NEREC)에서는 하계장학생프로그램(Summer Fellows Program) 운영을 통해 핵·원자력 분야의 공공외교를 펼치고 있으며, 상당한 성과를 거두고 있는 것으로 평가된다. 결론: 따라서 본 논문에서는 전통적으로 정무외교, 정상외교, 경제외교의 관점에서 접근해왔던 핵·원자력 이슈에 대해 공공외교의 역할 증진 가능성을 높게 평가하고 이와 유사한 공공외교 활동들에 대한 예산 지원, 프로그램 및 인력 확대가 필요함을 강조한다. 이를 통해 한국의 핵정책과 원자력 산업이 국제사회의 지지를 얻고 한국의 국익 향상에 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.209-210
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• 2008

In the case of unauthorized individuals, systems and entities or process threatening the instrumentation and control systems of nuclear facilities using the intrinsic vulnerabilities of digital based technologies, those systems may lose their own required functions. The loss of required functions of the critical systems of nuclear facilities may seriously affect the safety of nuclear facilities. Consequently, digital instrumentation and control systems, which perform functions important to safety, should be designed and operated to respond to cyber threats capitalizing on the vulnerabilities of digital based technologies. To make it possible, the developers and licensees of nuclear facilities should perform appropriate cyber security program throughout the whole life cycle of digital instrumentation and control systems. Under the goal of securing the safety of nuclear facilities, this paper presents the KINS' regulatory position on cyber security program to remove the cyber threats that exploit the vulnerabilities of digital instrumentation and control systems and to mitigate the effect of such threats. Presented regulatory position includes establishing the cyber security policy and plan, analyzing and classifying the cyber threats and cyber security assessment of digital instrumentation and control systems.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.143-151
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• 2009

최근 미-북간 관계 개선 등으로 인하여 북핵 문제가 핵 검증단계로 진전될 것이라는 예상이 나오고 있다. 이제부터 우리 정부는 북핵 프로그램의 성공적 검증 폐기를 위해, 북한의 신고 후 전개될 상황에 대비하여 철저히 준비해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 구 소련과 이라크의 대량살상무기 검증 폐기 사례로부터 두 나라의 대량살상무기 검증 폐기 과정에서 발생한 문제점을 조사 분석하여, 북핵 검증 폐기 과정 시 발생할 수 있는 문제점을 파악하고 이를 방지하기 위한 정책적 고려사항을 도출하는데 목적을 두었다.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제26권
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• pp.157-208
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• 2004

본 연구는 2003년도 중요란 국책사업의 하나로서 첨예한 사회적 갈등이 나타났던 핵폐기장 유치 이슈를 텔레비전 뉴스보도가 어떠한 시각에서 다루고 해석, 평가함으로써 이슈에 대한 성격을 어떻게 규정하고 있는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 핵폐기장 유치선언이 있던 2003년 7월 11일부터 유치 재검토가 발표된 12월 10일까지 5개월 동안 보도된 핵폐기장 유치이슈에 대한 KBS, MBC 저녁종합뉴스의 전국 및 지역(전북지역) 뉴스에 대한 프레임분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 중요한 국책사업으로서 사회적 논란이 많았던 핵폐기장 유치 이슈는 길 등의 원인과 해결보다는 주민들의 시위와 사회적 혼란만 부각시키는 양상을 보였다. 따라서 갈등의 근본원인이자 이슈의 보다 본질적인 사안이라 할 수 있는 선정 절차상의 정당성 문제라든가 위도지역의 지질 적합성, 안전성 문제, 에너지 정책 등의 문제는 제대로 다루어지지 않았다. 결국 텔레비전 뉴스보도에서 핵폐기장 유치이슈는 국가정책적 이슈라기보다는 지역 내 집단간 분쟁으로 그 성격이 규정되고 있음을 알 수 있다.